Okuqukethwe
Amakhowe ohlobo lweMilky ayingxenye yomndeni wakwaSyroezhkov. Isigaba sabo sokudla siphansi (3-4), nokho, ngaphandle kwalokhu, abasengi babehlonishwa ngokwesiko ezweni Lethu. Zisavunwa, ikakhulukazi lezo zinhlobo ezilungele ukufakwa usawoti kanye nokucwiliswa. Esigabeni se-mycological, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-120 zeLactarius, ezingaba ngu-90 zazo ezikhula eZweni Lethu.
Ezokuqala ezikhula ngo-June ziyi-non-caustic futhi eziphuzi ngokuphaphathekile. Wonke amakhowe e-lactic angamakhowe adliwayo, futhi angahlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwejusi ezindaweni ezisikiwe noma eziphukile. Kodwa-ke, njengamakhowe obisi, ayadliwa ngemuva kokucwiliswa okokuqala ukuze kuqedwe umunyu. Zikhula ngamaqembu.
Abasengi bangoSepthemba bathatha izikhala ezinkulu uma kuqhathaniswa nabase-August, besondela ezindaweni ezinamaxhaphozi, imifula kanye nemisele.
Amakhowe obisi namakhowe obisi ngo-Okthoba ashintsha umbala kakhulu ngemva kwesithwathwa sokuqala. Lolu shintsho lunamandla kangangokuthi kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabo. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ekudleni, ukucwilisa kanye nosawoti kuphela labo babisi abangazange bashintshe ukubukeka kwabo kanye nezakhiwo ngaphansi kwethonya lesithwathwa.
Ungathola izithombe nezincazelo zamakhowe e-lactic wezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu kuleli khasi.
I-Milky non-caustic
Izindawo zokuhlala ezengeziwe e-Lactarius mitissimus: amahlathi axubile kanye nama-coniferous. Bakha i-mycorrhiza nge-birch, kancane kancane nge-oki ne-spruce, ikhula ku-moss nakudoti, iyodwa futhi ngamaqembu.
Isizini: Julayi-Okthoba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-2-6 cm, mncane, i-convex ekuqaleni, kamuva iguqa, icindezeleka ekugugeni. Kuvame ukuba ne-tubercle yesici phakathi nendawo yekepisi. Isifunda esimaphakathi simnyama. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala ogqamile wesigqoko: ibhilikosi noma i-orange. I-cap yomile, i-velvety, ayinazo izindawo ezigxile. Imiphetho yekepisi ilula.
Njengoba ubona esithombeni, umlenze waleli khowa le-lactic ubude obungu-3-8 cm, ugqinsi ngu-0,6-1,2 cm, u-cylindrical, uminyene, bese ungenalutho, wombala ofanayo onekepisi, ulula phezulu. ingxenye:
Inyama ye-cap iphuzi noma i-orange-yellowish, iminyene, i-brittle, enephunga elingathathi hlangothi. Ngaphansi kwesikhumba, inyama inombala ophuzi ngokuphaphathekile noma owolintshi ophaphathekile, ongenawo iphunga eliningi. Ijusi yobisi imhlophe, inamanzi, ayishintshi umbala emoyeni, hhayi i-caustic, kodwa iyababa kancane.
Amapuleti, anamathelayo noma ehlayo, amancane, emvamisa ephakathi, alula kancane kunekepisi, anombala osawolintshi, ngezinye izikhathi anamabala abomvu, ehla kancane esiqwini. Izinhlamvu ziyi-creamy-buff ngombala.
Ukuhlukahluka. Amapuleti aphuzi abe yi-ocher ekhanyayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umbala wekepisi uyahluka ukusuka kubhilikosi ukuya kophuzi-owolintshi.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. I-milky iyafana I-Catfish (Lactatius fuliginosus), lapho umbala we-cap nemilenze ulula futhi umbala onsundu-brown ungcono, futhi umlenze ufushane.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti noma pickling ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.
Okuphuzi okuphaphathekile
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-milkweed ephuzi (Lactarius pallidus): amahlathi e-oki namahlathi axubile, akhule ngamaqembu noma eyedwa.
Isizini: Julayi Agasti.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-12 cm, iminyene, i-convex ekuqaleni, kamuva i-flat-prostrate, icindezelekile kancane phakathi, i-mucous. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esiphuzi ngokuphaphathekile, isigqoko esiphaphathekile noma isigqoko esiphuzi.
Naka isithombe - le cap ye-lactic inombala ongalingani, kukhona amabala, ikakhulukazi phakathi nendawo, lapho inomthunzi omnyama:
Unqenqema lwekepisi luvame ukuba ne-striation eqinile.
Isiqu sinobude obungu-3-9 cm, ubukhulu obungu-1-2 cm, bungenalutho, umbala uyafana nowe-cap, usesimweni se-cylindrical, kwabavuthiwe umise okwe club.
Inyama imhlophe, inephunga elimnandi, ijusi yobisi imhlophe futhi ayishintshi umbala emoyeni.
Amapuleti avamile, ehla kancane eduze kwesiqu noma anamathelayo, anombala ophuzi, ngokuvamile anombala obomvana.
Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wekepisi kanye nesiqu ungahluka kusuka kokuphuzi okuphaphathekile kuye kophuzi-buff.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. Ubisi oluphuzi oluphaphathekile lufana nobisi olumhlophe (Lactarius mustrus), umbala walo wekepisi umhlophe-mpunga noma ukhilimu omhlophe.
Izindlela zokupheka: ezidliwayo ngemva kokucwiliswa ngaphambili noma ukubiliswa, okusetshenziselwa usawoti.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-3.
I-Milky neutral
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-milkweed engathathi hlangothi (Lactarius quietus): amahlathi axubile, aluhlaza namahlathi e-oki, akhula ngawodwana ngamaqembu.
Isizini: Julayi-Okthoba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, ngezinye izikhathi kufika ku-10 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex, kamuva iguqe, icindezeleke ekugugeni. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esomile, esisasilika, esimauve noma esinsundu ngokuphinki esinezindawo ezigxile kakhulu.
Umlenze 3-8 cm ukuphakama, 7-15 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, uminyene, bese ungenalutho, ukhilimu onemibala.
Inyama ye-cap inombala ophuzi noma onsundu ngokukhanyayo, i-brittle, ijusi yobisi ayishintshi umbala ekukhanyeni.
Amapuleti anamathele futhi ehlela esiqwini, avamile, ukhilimu noma ansundu ngokukhanyayo, kamuva abe bomvu.
Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap ungahluka kusuka ku-pink brown kuya ku-brown ngokubomvu kanye ne-lilac enokhilimu.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. Ngokusho kwencazelo, ubisi olungathathi hlangothi lubukeka njengento enhle edliwayo i-oki milkweed (Lactarius zonarius), enkulu kakhulu futhi enemiphetho ethambile, egoqekile.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti noma pickling ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.
Ubisi olunephunga elimnandi
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-milkweed enephunga elimnandi (Lactarius glyciosmus): amahlathi e-coniferous nahlanganisiwe,
Isizini: Agasti Septhemba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-8 cm, iminyene, kodwa i-brittle, icwebezela, i-convex yokuqala, kamuva i-flat-prostrate, icindezelekile kancane phakathi, ngokuvamile ine-tubercle encane phakathi nendawo. Umbala wekepisi unombala onsundu ngokumpunga okunsomi, okuphuzi, okubomvana.
Umlenze 3-6 cm ukuphakama, 0,6-1,5 cm obukhulu, cylindrical, mncane kancane esisekelweni, bushelelezi, aphuzi.
I-pulp ithambile, insundu noma ibomvu ngokubomvu. Ijusi yobisi imhlophe, iphenduka ibe luhlaza emoyeni.
Amapuleti avamile, amancane, ehla kancane, ansundu ngokukhanyayo.
Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wekepisi nesiqu ungahluka ukusuka kompunga-nsundu ukuya kokubomvu-nsundu.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. I-milky enephunga elimnandi ifana ne-umber milky, lapho i-cap i-umber, i-gray-brown, inyama imhlophe, iphenduka ibe nsundu ekusikeni, futhi ayishintshi. Womabili amakhowe asetshenziswa ngosawoti emva kokubilisa kokuqala.
Izindlela zokupheka: i-mushroom edliwayo, kodwa idinga ukubilisa okuphoqelekile kokuqala, ngemva kwalokho ingafakwa usawoti.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-3.
i-lilac emhlophe
Izindawo zokuhlala ezengeziwe e-Lilac milkweed (Lactarius lilacinum): anamahlamvu abanzi ane-oki ne-alder, amahlathi aluhlaza naxubile, akhula ngawodwana ngamaqembu.
Isizini: July - ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-8 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex, kamuva i-convex-prostrate ene-concave middle. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo umbala we-lilac-pink we-cap enemiphetho ephakathi nendawo ekhanyayo. Ikepisi lingase libe nezindawo ezigxile kancane ezibonakala kancane.
Umlenze 3-8 cm ukuphakama, 7-15 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, ngezinye izikhathi ugobile phansi, ekuqaleni uminyene, kamuva ungenalutho. Umbala wesiqu uyahluka ukusuka komhlophe ukuya kophuzi-ukhilimu.
Inyama incane, imhlophe-pinki noma i-lilac-pink, ayigqwali, ihlaba kancane, ayinaphunga. Ijusi ye-milky inala, imhlophe, emoyeni ithola umbala we-lilac-greenish.
Amapuleti avamile, aqondile, amancane, amancane, anamathele futhi ehla kancane eduze kwesiqu, ukhilimu wokuqala, kamuva i-lilac-cream ene-purple tint.
Ukuhlukahluka: umbala we-cap ungahluka kusuka ku-pink brown kuya kukhilimu obomvu, kanye nesiqu kusuka ku-creamy brown kuya ku-brown.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. I-milky lilac ifana nombala ukuze bushelelezi, noma i-milkweed evamile (Lactarius trivialis), ehlukaniswa ngamaphethelo ayindilinga kanye nezindawo ezigxilile eziphinyiselwe ezinombala onsomi kanye nombala onsundu.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti noma pickling ngemva kokwelashwa kwangaphambili.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-3.
I-Milky grey-pink
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-gray-pink milkweed (Lactarius helvus): amahlathi aluhlaza naxubile, emaxhaphozini olembu phakathi kwama-birches namafir, ngamaqembu noma ngawodwa.
Isizini: Julayi-Septhemba.
Isigqoko sikhulu, 7-10 cm ububanzi, ngezinye izikhathi kufika ku-15 cm. Ekuqaleni i-convex enemiphetho egobile phansi, i-silky fibrous kanye nokucindezeleka phakathi. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba neqhubu elincane phakathi nendawo. Imiphetho iqondana ekuvuthweni. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yi-gray-pink, i-fawn, i-gray-pink-brown, i-gray-brown hat kanye nephunga elinamandla kakhulu. Indawo yomile, i-velvety, ayinazo izindawo ezigxile. Amakhowe omisiwe anuka njengotshani obusha noma i-coumarin.
Umlenze uwugqinsi futhi mfushane, u-5-8 cm ukuphakama no-1-2,5 cm ubukhulu, bushelelezi, ungenalutho, umpunga-pink, ulula kunekepisi, uphelele, unamandla ebusheni, ulula engxenyeni engenhla, impuphu, kamuva ubomvu. -nsundu.
Inyama iwugqinsi, ishwabene, imhlophe-phuzi, inephunga elimnandi elibabayo kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo nokuvutha kakhulu. Ijusi yobisi inamanzi, emifanekisweni endala ingase ingabikho ngokuphelele.
Amarekhodi efrikhwensi emaphakathi, ehla kancane esiqwini, alula kunekepisi. Impushana yesipore inombala osaphuzi. Umbala wamapuleti uyi-yellow-ocher enombala obomvana.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. Ngephunga: okubabayo noma okunezithelo, okumpunga-pink milky kungadideka ne-oki milky (Lactarius zonarius), ehlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwezindawo ezigxile kukepisi elinsundu.
Izindlela zokupheka. I-Milky grey-pink ngokusho kwezincwadi zakwamanye amazwe kubhekwa njengobuthi. Ezincwadini zasekhaya, zibhekwa njengenani elincane ngenxa yephunga lazo elinamandla futhi zidliwa ngokwemibandela ngemva kokucubungula.
Okudliwayo ngokombandela ngenxa yokunambitheka okuvutha kakhulu.
I-Milky camphor
Izindawo zokuhlala ezengeziwe e-Camphor milkweed (Lactorius camphoratus): amahlathi aluhlaza, ane-coniferous naxubile, enhlabathini ene-asidi, ngokuvamile phakathi kwe-moss, ngokuvamile akhula ngamaqembu.
Isizini: Septhemba Okthoba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, intekenteke futhi ithambile, iyinyama, i-convex ekuqaleni, bese iguqa futhi icindezeleke kancane phakathi. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo yi-tubercle echazwe kahle phakathi nendawo ye-cap, evame ukuba nemiphetho enezimbambo kanye nombala obomvu obomvu.
Umlenze 2-5 cm ubude, onsundu-obomvu, bushelelezi, cylindrical, mncane, ngezinye izikhathi umncane phansi, bushelelezi engxenyeni engezansi, velvety engxenyeni engenhla. Umbala wesiqu ulula kunalowo wekepisi.
I-pulp iminyene, imnandi ngokunambitheka. Impahla yesibili ehlukile yalolu hlobo iphunga le-camphor ku-pulp, elivame ukuqhathaniswa nephunga le-bug echotshoziwe. Uma isikiwe, i-pulp ikhipha ijusi elimhlophe elimhlophe elimnandi, kodwa nge-aftertaste ebukhali engashintshi umbala emoyeni.
Amapuleti avame kakhulu, anombala obomvu-nsundu, ububanzi, ane-powdery surface, ehla eduze kwesiqu. Izinhlamvu zimhlophe qhwa, zimise okwe-elliptical.
Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wesiqu kanye nesigqoko uyahluka kusuka kokubomvu kuya kunsundu omnyama kanye nobomvu onsundu. Amapuleti angaba ocher noma abomvu ngombala. Inyama ingase ibe nombala ogqwalile.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. I-Camphor Milky ifana ne i-rubella (Lactarius subdulcis), nayo enekepisi elibomvu ngokubomvu, kodwa ayinalo iphunga eliqinile le-camphor.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti emva kokucwiliswa noma ukubilisa.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.
ubisi lukakhukhunathi
Izindawo zokuhlala e-coke milkweed (Lactorius glyciosmus): amahlathi aluhlaza naxubile anama-birches, akhula ngawodwa noma ngamaqembu amancane.
Isizini: Septhemba Okthoba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-3-7 cm, intekenteke futhi ithambile, iyinyama, i-convex ekuqaleni, bese iguqa futhi icindezeleke kancane phakathi. Isici esihlukile salolu hlobo isigqoko esimpunga esinamaphethelo amancane alula.
Umlenze 3-8 cm ukuphakama, 5-12 mm ubukhulu, cylindrical, bushelelezi, kancane lighter kunekepisi.
Inyama imhlophe, iminyene, enephunga likakhukhunathi, ijusi ebisi ayishintshi umbala emoyeni.
Amapuleti avamile, ukhilimu okhanyayo onombala obomvana, wehla kancane esiqwini.
Ukuhlukahluka. Umbala wekepisi uyahluka ukusuka ku-gray-ocher ukuya ku-gray-brown.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. Ubisi lukakhukhunathi lufana nobisi olunsomi (Lactarius violascens), oluhlukaniswa ngombala onsundu ngokumpunga namachashaza aphinki ngokuphaphathekile.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti emva kokucwiliswa noma ukubilisa.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.
I-Milky emanzi, noma i-lilac empunga
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-Wet milkweed (Lactarius uvidus): amahlathi aluhlaza ane-birch ne-alder, ezindaweni ezinomswakama. Khulani ngamaqembu noma nibodwa.
Isizini: Julayi-Septhemba.
I-cap inobubanzi obungu-4-9 cm, ngezinye izikhathi ifika ku-12 cm, ekuqaleni i-convex inomphetho ogobile, bese iguqa, icindezelekile, ibushelelezi. Impahla ehlukile yalolu hlobo yikepisi elinamathela ngokuqinile, elicwebezelayo futhi elicwebezelayo, eliphuzi ngokuphaphathekile noma eliphuzi ngokunsundu, kwesinye isikhathi elinamabala amancane ansundu kanye nezindawo ezigqame kancane.
Umlenze 4-7 cm ubude, 7-15 mm ubukhulu, ophuzi ngokuphaphathekile namabala aphuzi.
I-pulp iminyene, imhlophe, ijusi elimhlophe elimhlophe emoyeni lithola umbala onsomi.
ukufana nezinye izinhlobo. I-milky emanzi emithunzi yombala nokuma ifana ne-milky emhlophe (Lactrius musteus), kodwa ayinaso isigqoko esicwebezelayo nesicwebezelayo, kodwa esomile nesimatte.
Izindlela zokupheka: usawoti noma pickling ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini izinsuku ezingu-2-3 noma abilayo.
Okudliwayo, isigaba sesi-4.
Lapha ungabona izithombe zamakhowe e-lactic, incazelo yawo evezwe kuleli khasi:
