Okuqukethwe
Ingabe “uzothatha izwe” noma uzosebenzela abantu? Yize ababhali nabenzi bamafilimu bexhaphaza izindaba ezithusayo zobuhlakani bokwenziwa, ososayensi bathola imiphumela ebonakalayo ngokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zokusiza odokotela bengqondo neziguli zabo.
Abacwaningi benze uhlelo lwe-AI - ubuhlakani bokwenziwa - olukwazi ukubona izinguquko zansuku zonke enkulumweni ezibonisa ukuwohloka kwempilo yengqondo yomuntu.
“Asizami ukushintsha odokotela…”
Ngenxa yentuthuko yobuhlakani bokwenziwa, amakhompyutha manje angasiza odokotela bahlole izifo futhi baqaphe izimpawu ezibalulekile zeziguli eziqhele ngamakhilomitha amaningi. Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseColorado Boulder basebenza ngokusetshenziswa komshini wokufunda kudokotela wengqondo. Baklama uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula, olusekelwe enkulumweni yesiguli, olungahlukanisa isimo saso sempilo yengqondo kanye nomunye umuntu.
“Asizami nakancane ukuvala isikhala sodokotela,” kusho uPeter Foltz, uprofesa e-Institute for Cognitive Sciences. Uphinde abe omunye umbhali we-athikili entsha ku-Bulletin of Schizophrenia echaza isithembiso nezingibe ezingaba khona zokusebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kudokotela wengqondo. "Kodwa sikholwa ukuthi singakha amathuluzi azovumela odokotela bengqondo ukuthi baphathe kangcono iziguli zabo."
Ekufuneni indlela ethembekile yokuxilonga
Cishe oyedwa kwabahlanu omdala uphila nesifo sengqondo. Abaningi balaba bantu bahlala ezindaweni ezikude lapho ukufinyelela kodokotela bengqondo noma izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo kulinganiselwe kakhulu. Abanye abakwazi ukukhokhela ukubona udokotela njalo, futhi abanaso isikhathi noma imali yokukhokhela ukuvakashelwa njalo. Ngisho noma isiguli siboniswa njalo kudokotela wezifo zengqondo, usebenzisa ingxoxo nesiguli ukuze axilonge futhi adwebe uhlelo lokwelapha. Kuyindlela endala engase ibe nengqondo futhi ingathembeki ngokwanele, kusho omunye umbhali wephepha u-Brita Elvevog, isazi sezinzwa ezithinta ingqondo eNyuvesi yaseTromsø eNorway.
“Abantu abaphelele. Bangase baphazamiseke futhi ngezinye izikhathi baphuthe izimpawu zokukhuluma ezicashile nezimpawu eziyisixwayiso, kusho uDkt. Elwevog. "Ngeshwa, akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuhlosiwe kwempilo yengqondo kwezokwelapha." Ososayensi bazama ukuthola indlela enenjongo yokuchaza inkinga.
Ngokusebenzisa amadivaysi eselula kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, singakwazi ukuqapha iziguli nsuku zonke
Ifuna "inguqulo ye-AI" yokuhlolwa kwegazi okunjalo, u-Elwewog no-Foltz bahlangana ukuze bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe bokufunda ngomshini obukwazi ukuthola izinguquko zansuku zonke enkulumweni ezingabonisa impilo yengqondo ewohlokayo. Isibonelo, ku-schizophrenia, uphawu olubucayi kungase kube imisho engalandeli iphethini enengqondo evamile. Ukushintsha kwephimbo noma izinga lokukhuluma kungase kubonise ukusangana noma ukudangala. Futhi ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo kungaba uphawu lwezinkinga ezingokwengqondo nezingokwengqondo.
“Ulimi luyisici esibalulekile ekuhlonzeni izimo zengqondo zeziguli,” kusho uFoltz. "Sisebenzisa amadivaysi eselula kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, singakwazi ukuqapha iziguli nsuku zonke futhi sithwebule izinguquko ezicashile esimweni sazo."
Isebenza kanjani?
Uhlelo olusha lokusebenza lweselula lukhuthaza umsebenzisi ukuthi aphendule uchungechunge lwemibuzo eyimizuzu emi-5-10 ngocingo. Phakathi kweminye imisebenzi, umuntu ubuzwa ngesimo sakhe somzwelo, ecelwa ukuba akhulume indaba emfushane, bese elalela indaba bese eyiphinda, bese uqedela uchungechunge lokuhlolwa kwamakhono emoto usebenzisa ukuthinta nokuswayipha kusikrini se-smartphone.
Ngokubambisana no-Chelsea Chandler, umfundi othweswe iziqu e-faculty e-University of Colorado e-Boulder, kanye nabanye osebenza nabo, abalobi bephrojekthi bathuthukise uhlelo lobuhlakani bokwenziwa olungahlola la maphethini wokukhuluma, baqhathanise nezimpendulo zangaphambili ezivela esigulini esifanayo. kanye neqembu elibanzi lokulawula, futhi ngenxa yalokho lihlole isimo sengqondo somuntu.
Ukunemba Nokwethenjelwa
Kolunye ucwaningo lwakamuva, ithimba lososayensi licele odokotela ukuthi balalele futhi bahlole amaphethini okukhuluma kubahlanganyeli abangama-225. Kulaba, isigamu sake satholakala sinezinkinga ezingathi sína zengqondo, kanti ingxenye yayingamavolontiya anempilo avela emaphandleni aseLouisiana naseNyakatho Norway. Abacwaningi babe sebeqhathanisa imiphumela yocwaningo lodokotela nemiphumela yohlelo lwezobunhloli bokwenziwa.
Umsebenzi wethu awukona ukushintsha izinqumo emshinini, kodwa ukuzisebenzisa kulokho ekwenza kahle kakhulu.
"Sithole ukuthi amamodeli wekhompiyutha we-AI angaba okungenani anembe njengodokotela," kusho uPeter Foltz ngokuzethemba. Yena nozakwabo bayaqiniseka ukuthi luzofika usuku lapho amasistimu e-AI abawathuthukisayo ezempilo yengqondo ezoba sehhovisi emhlanganweni womelaphi kanye nesiguli ukuze basize ukuqoqa imininingwane noma basebenze njengohlelo lokuqapha olukude kakhulu. iziguli zengqondo ezidinga ukubhekwa.
Uhlelo lokulawula
Ngokubona izinguquko eziphazamisayo, isicelo singazisa udokotela ukuthi anake futhi alawule isiguli. "Ukuze kugwenywe ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo okumba eqolo kanye nemicimbi engathandeki, iziguli kufanele zixoxisane nodokotela abaqeqeshiwe," kusho uFoltz. “Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi abekho odokotela abenele ngalokho.”
Intuthuko yakhe yangaphambili emkhakheni wobuhlakani bokwenziwa manje isisetshenziswa kabanzi. U-Foltz unethemba lokuthi iphrojekthi entsha izofakazela ukusebenza kahle kobuchwepheshe bokufunda komshini. Esihlokweni sabo, ososayensi banxuse ozakwabo ukuthi benze izifundo ezinkulu kakhulu ukuze bafakazele ukusebenza kahle futhi bathole ukuzethemba komphakathi. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze ubuchwepheshe bobuhlakani bokwenziwa bungeniswe kabanzi emisebenzini yezengqondo yasemtholampilo.
"I-halo yemfihlakalo ezungeze i-AI ayisizi ekwakheni ukwethembana, okubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha," bayabhala. “Umsebenzi wethu awukona ukushintsha izinqumo emishinini, kodwa wukusebenzisa kulokho ekwenza kahle kakhulu.” Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi i-psychiatry nemithi ngokuvamile iseduze nenkathi entsha lapho ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buyoba umsizi obalulekile kodokotela ekunakekeleni impilo yeziguli.