Umlomo wempisi enganeni

Ulwanga oludabukile lukhula esibelethweni ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umntwana unomsele esibhakabhakeni, yingakho kunokuxhumana okuqondile phakathi komlomo nekhala. Kwezokwelapha, isici esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi i-cheiloschisis.

Ngokuvamile ulwanga oludabukile luhambisana nesinye isici - udebe olucashile. Imbangela nendlela ezenzeka ngayo ziyefana. Ukuqhekeka kwezakhiwo zamathambo olwanga kungaholela ekwehlukaneni kwezicubu ezithambile, okuhlanganisa izindebe nekhala. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, khona-ke ingane inazo zombili izifo - ulwanga oludabukile kanye nodebe oluvulekile.

Nakuba udebe oluqhekekile lungase lube isici esihle kakhulu futhi luphazamise inkulumo, ulwanga olucashile lubucayi kakhulu. Ulwanga oluqhekekile lungase lungabonakali uma izicubu ezithambile zingathinteki. Abazali banake inkinga lapho umntwana engakwazi ukuncela ngokujwayelekile, ukuminyanisa, ubisi luphuma ekhaleni. Ezibhedlela zokubeletha, izingane ziyahlolwa ukuze zingafaki lesi sifo, kodwa esimweni sokuzalwa ekhaya, singeqiwa.

I-cleft palate ingenye yezifo eziyishumi ezivame kakhulu zokuzalwa ezinganeni. Amantombazane asemathubeni amaningi okuthi ulwanga ludabuke ngaphandle kokuthikameze udebe, futhi abafana basemathubeni amaningi okuba nezindebe eziqhekekile ngaphandle kokugula kolwanga.

Uyini umlomo wempisi

Ekuqaleni, esibelethweni, i-fetus ayinawo amathambo e-skull ahlanganisiwe ngendlela okujwayele ukubona ngayo ekugcineni. Lokhu kuyingxenye yentuthuko. Evikini le-11 lokukhulelwa, zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo zamathambo ogebhezi kanye nobuso bombungu ngokuvamile ziyahlanganiswa. Uma ezinyathelweni zokuqala umbungu uthinteke kabi, eminye imifantu ayikhuli, kulokhu isibhakabhaka.

Izingane ezinjalo azikwazi ukudla ngokujwayelekile - inqubo yokuncela iyaphazamiseka, ukudla kungena emgodini wekhala, okubangela ukuvuvukala. Esikhathini esizayo, inkulumo nayo ikhubazekile, ukuphinyiselwa kwemisindo kunzima, izingane "gundos". Ngokomqondo nangokomzwelo, izingane ezinolwanga oluqhekekile zivamile, inkinga ingokwesimo somzimba kuphela.

Umlomo wempisi kungase kungabi ukuphela kwesici. Ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka njengengxenye ye-syndromes ehlukahlukene.

Izimbangela zokuqhekeka kolwanga enganeni

Ngokusho kososayensi, yi-10-15% kuphela yesici esinqunywa ngofuzo. Okungukuthi, ngisho noma esinye sezihlobo sinomlomo wempisi, amathuba okubukeka okufanayo enganeni akhuphuka ngo-7% kuphela.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-pathology yithonya lezici zangaphandle ngokunembile ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile phakathi nalesi sikhathi, owesifazane akazi ukuthi uthwele ingane, futhi uyaqhubeka ethatha izidakamizwa ezinqatshelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubhema noma ukuphuza utshwala. Lokhu kuthinta kabi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fetus, inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kwamathambo iphazamiseka.

Ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, abesifazane abaningi baye banciphisa ukuzivikela komzimba, futhi izifo ezithathwe ngalesi sikhathi ziyingozi kumntwana.

Ayikho ingozi encane ukulimala kwesisu, imisebe, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini, ukukhishwa kwezisu kusenesikhathi, izimila nokukhuluphala. Ngisho neminyaka kamama nesimo sakhe sengqondo kungaphazamisa amathuba okuba nengane enolwanga oluqhekekile.

Izimpawu zolwanga oluqhekekile enganeni

Lapho umfantu umkhulu esibhakabhakeni, kulapho kuphawuleka khona ukuba khona kwe-pathology. Ngokuqhekeka okungaphelele, ingane iyaminyanisa lapho incela, idla kabi, ubisi lungageleza lusuka ekhaleni. Uma umfantu usuphelile, umntwana unobunzima bokuphefumula, empeleni akakwazi ukuncelisa. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwemvelo, i-amniotic fluid ingena emgudwini wokuphefumula wezingane ezinjalo, ngakho-ke zidinga usizo oluphuthumayo.

Lapho uhlola umgodi womlomo kanye ne-pharynx, imbobo ibonakala endaweni lapho ulwanga oluthambile luvame ukutholakala khona. Uma ukuhlukana kuphinde kuthinte udebe, khona-ke ukuhlukaniswa kodebe olungenhla lube izingxenye ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kubonakala ngaphandle.

Ukwelashwa kolwanga oluqhekekile enganeni

Umlomo wempisi uyingozi ngezinkinga ezinkulu, ngakho kufanele welashwe. Ngeshwa, okuwukuphela kwekhambi lenkinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe izigaba eziningana, futhi ukuhlinzwa kokuqala kungenziwa kuze kube unyaka.

Izingane eziningi ezinolwanga oluqhekekile zigqoka i-obturator ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukufakelwa okuvala imbobo phakathi kwekhala nembobo yomlomo. Lokhu kusiza umntwana ukuba aphefumule ngokujwayelekile, kusiza inqubo yokudla okunomsoco kanye nokwakheka kwenkulumo.

Ngisho nangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ingane ifundiswa ukondla nge-spoon ekhethekile, ngoba ukuncelisa kunzima ngaphandle kwamadivaysi engeziwe. Ikhono lokudla okukhethekile okunjalo lizosebenza kahle ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngoba isilonda sibuhlungu kakhulu futhi ukudla okunomsoco akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi yezibazi ezinkulu, futhi ukuphulukiswa ngokwayo kuzonciphisa.

Ngemuva kochungechunge lwemisebenzi, udinga ukunakekela ngokucophelela imbobo yomlomo, uphathe amanxeba ngama-antiseptics, futhi uthathe ama-antibiotics. I-massage ekhethekile ye-palate ethambile iphinde isetshenziswe, okuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi futhi kuncibilikise izibazi. Phakathi nesikhathi sokululama, uzodinga usizo lochwepheshe bezinkulumo, i-defectologist ukusungula inkulumo evamile. Futhi udokotela wamazinyo uzolawula ukukhula okulungile kwamazinyo nokuthuthukiswa komhlathi. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, bazobhala amapuleti okulungisa, okuyisisekelo.

Ukwelashwa kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside, kodwa ngenxa yalokho, cishe amaphesenti angama-95 ezingane ezinolwanga oluqhekekile azokhohlwa phakade ngale nkinga.

Diagnostics

Ngokuvamile uphakamisa isici ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngesikhathi se-ultrasound. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuhlola izinga lokuhlukaniswa kwesibhakabhaka kuphela ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kunengozi yokuthi uketshezi lwe-amniotic lungene emgudwini wokuphefumula ngomfantu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthi odokotela bazi nge-pathology kusenesikhathi.

Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane, odokotela bayahlola, futhi umfantu ubonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlola ukuzwa, ukuhogela, ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze bakhiphe izifo.

Ukwelashwa kwesimanje

Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, umntwana uhlolwa ngokucophelela futhi uhlela ukuthi bazoyixazulula kanjani inkinga. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene, futhi zikhethwa ngabanye ngesiguli ngasinye esincane. Ngesikhathi sokuhlela, baphinde baxhumane nodokotela wezingane, i-otolaryngologist, isazi sezinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo we-maxillofacial, isazi sokukhuluma, i-orthodontist.

Ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kolwanga olungaphelele oluklebhukile kubizwa ngokuthi i-uranoplasty. Kwenziwa cishe eminyakeni emi-2. Le nqubo izosiza uma ukwakheka komhlathi kungahlanekezelwe, futhi i-cleft ayinkulu kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ulwanga oluthambile lunwetshwa kumntwana, imisipha ixhunyiwe. Uma zingekho izicubu zendawo ezanele, ezinye ezengeziwe zisetshenziswa ezihlathini nolimi.

Uma umhlathi unciphile futhi amazinyo engami kahle, ingane iqale ilashwe udokotela wamazinyo. Ukusebenza kuzoba kamuva kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuthuthukiswa komhlathi kungase kuphazamiseke. Ngokuvamile i-uranoplasty kuleli cala yenziwa eminyakeni engu-4-6.

Ukuvimbela ulwanga oluqhekekile enganeni ekhaya

Kutuswa ukuhlela ukukhulelwa. Khona-ke owesifazane uzokulindela futhi ezigabeni zokuqala ezibaluleke kakhulu uzogwema ngengozi ukuthatha imithi enobuthi, ukubhema, utshwala. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma owesifazane engakazi ngokukhulelwa.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha amavithamini anqunywe yi-gynecologist, ukuze uhlolwe njalo. Gwema izixuku futhi ugqoke ngokufudumele, ngoba emasontweni okuqala ukuzivikela komama kusengozini kakhulu.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Udokotela wezingane - udokotela wezingane omkhulu - usebenzela ukuxazulula inkinga yolwanga oludabukile kanye nodokotela abahlinzayo, odokotela bamazinyo nabanye ochwepheshe. Udokotela wezingane uyaqinisekisa ukuthi ingane idla ngendlela evamile, uyasiza ekunciphiseni amathuba okungenwa izifo, futhi unikeza iseluleko sokunakekela umntwana. Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwelashwa kwezingane ezinolwanga oluqhekekile uzokutshela udokotela wezingane uDaria Schukina.