Isazi sezinto eziphilayo saseRussia u-Aleksey Vladimirovich Surov kanye nozakwabo baqala ukuthola ukuthi ingabe ubhontshisi wesoya oshintshwe izakhi, otshalwa ku-91% wamasimu kabhontshisi e-United States, uholela ngempela ezinkingeni ekuthuthukisweni nasekuzaleni. Lokhu akuthola kungadla imboni ngezigidigidi ngomonakalo.
Ukondla izizukulwane ezintathu zama-hamster iminyaka emibili nge-GM soy kubonise imiphumela elimazayo. Ngesizukulwane sesithathu, ama-hamster amaningi alahlekelwe amandla okuba nezingane. Baphinde bakhombisa ukukhula kancane kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokufa phakathi kwemidlwane.
Futhi uma kungashaqisi ngokwanele, amanye ama-hamster esizukulwane sesithathu ahlushwe izinwele ezikhule ngaphakathi emilonyeni yawo - isenzakalo esingavamile kodwa esivamile phakathi kwama-hamster adla isoya weGM.
USurov wasebenzisa ama-hamster anamazinga okukhiqiza asheshayo. Bahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-4. Iqembu lokuqala laliphakelwa ukudla okuvamile kodwa akukho soya, iqembu lesibili lalondliwe i-soy engashintshiwe, iqembu lesithathu ladliswa ukudla okuvamile nge-GM soy eyengeziwe, kanti iqembu lesine ladla i-soy eyengeziwe ye-GM. Iqembu ngalinye lalinamapheya amahlanu ama-hamster, ngalinye elikhiqiza amalitha angu-7-8, ingqikithi yezilwane ezingu-140 zasetshenziswa ocwaningweni.
USurov uthe “ekuqaleni konke kwahamba kahle. Kodwa-ke, saqaphela umphumela obalulekile we-GM soy lapho sakha amapheya amasha amawundlu futhi siqhubeka nokuwondla njengakuqala. Amazinga okukhula ale mibhangqwana ancipha, kamuva afinyelela ekuthombeni.
Ukhethe amapheya amasha eqenjini ngalinye, elikhiqize amanye amalitha angama-39. Amawundlu angama-52 azalelwa kuma-hamster owokuqala, okulawula, iqembu kanye nama-78 eqenjini adla ubhontshisi wesoya ngaphandle kweGM. Eqenjini likabhontshisi wesoya elineGM, kwazalwa amawundlu angama-40 kuphela. Futhi u-25% wabo washona. Ngakho-ke, ukufa kwakuphindwe kahlanu kunokufa kweqembu elilawulayo, lapho bekuyi-5%. Kuma-hamster anikezwa amazinga aphezulu e-GM soy, owesifazane oyedwa kuphela owabeletha. Wayenamawundlu angu-16, cishe ama-20% awo afa. USurov uthe esizukulwaneni sesithathu, izilwane eziningi zaziyinyumba.
Izinwele ezikhula emlonyeni
Izigaxa zezinwele ezingenambala noma ezinemibala kuma-hamster afunzwa nge-GM zazifika endaweni ehlafunwayo yamazinyo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi amazinyo ayezungezwe izigaxa zoboya nhlangothi zombili. Izinwele zakhula zabheka phezulu futhi zaba nemikhawulo ebukhali.
Ngemva kokuphothula lolu cwaningo, ababhali baphetha ngokuthi lokhu kuphazamiseka okuphawulekayo kwakuhlobene nokudla kwama-hamster. Babhala: "Le pathology ingakhuliswa yizakhamzimba ezingekho ekudleni kwemvelo, njengezingxenye eziguqulwe izakhi zofuzo noma ukungcola (izibulala-zinambuzane, ama-mycotoxins, izinsimbi ezinzima, njll.)".
I-GM soy ihlale ibeka usongo oluphindwe kabili ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-herbicide. Ngo-2005, u-Irina Ermakova, oyilungu le-Russian National Academy of Sciences, wabika ukuthi ngaphezu kwesigamu samagundane omntwana ondla i-GM soy afa phakathi namasonto amathathu. Lokhu futhi kuphindwe kahlanu kunezinga lokufa elingu-10% eqenjini elilawulayo. Amaphuphu amagundane nawo ayemancane futhi engakwazi ukuzala.
Ngemva kokuqeda isifundo sika-Ermakova, ilebhu yakhe yaqala ukuphakela wonke amagundane GM soy. Ezinyangeni ezimbili, ukufa kwezingane kufinyelele ku-55%.
Lapho u-Ermakov ephakelwa amagundane e-GM soya, umbala wabo wesende washintsha usuka ekubeni obomvana ovamile waba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama!
Ososayensi base-Italy baphinde bathola izinguquko emasendeni amagundane, kuhlanganise nokulimala kwamangqamuzana esidoda amancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-DNA yemibungu yegundane ephakelwa i-GMO isebenza ngendlela ehlukile.
Ucwaningo lukahulumeni wase-Austrian olwanyatheliswa ngoNovemba 2008 lwabonisa ukuthi lapho ummbila weGM udliswa amagundane, izingane ezimbalwa ababenazo, ezincane ezazalwa.
Umlimi uJerry Rosman uphinde waqaphela ukuthi izingulube nezinkomo zakhe ziba yinyumba. Ezinye izingulube zakhe zaze zakhulelwa zazala amasaka amanzi. Ngemva kwezinyanga zocwaningo nokuhlolwa, wagcina elandelele inkinga ku-GM corn feed.
Abacwaningi base-Baylor College of Medicine baqaphela ukuthi amagundane awabonisi ukuziphatha kokuzala. Ucwaningo ngokuphakelayo kommbila luthole izinhlanganisela ezimbili ezimise umjikelezo wocansi kwabesifazane. Inhlanganisela eyodwa iphinde yanciphisa ukuziphatha kocansi kwabesilisa. Zonke lezi zinto zibe nomthelela emdlavuzeni webele nowendlala yesinye. Abacwaningi bathola ukuthi okuqukethwe kwalezi zinhlanganisela emmbila kuyahlukahluka ngokuhlukahluka.
Livela eHaryana, eNdiya, ithimba lodokotela bezilwane abaphenyayo libika ukuthi izinyathi ezidla ukotini weGM zihlushwa ukungazali, ukuphuphunyelwa yizisu njalo, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, nokuqhuma kwesibeletho. Izinyathi eziningi ezindala nezincane nazo zafa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaqondakali.
Ukuhlaselwa kolwazi nokuphikwa kwamaqiniso
Ososayensi abathola imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa ama-GMO bavame ukuhlaselwa, kuhlekwe, bancishwe uxhaso, futhi baze baxoshwe. U-Ermakova ubike ukufa kwezinsana okuphezulu phakathi kwezingane zamagundane ezifunza ubhontshisi we-GM futhi waphendukela emphakathini wesayensi ukuze uphindaphinde futhi uqinisekise imiphumela yokuqala. Kuphinde kwadinga izimali ezengeziwe zokuhlaziya izitho ezigciniwe. Kunalokho, wahlaselwa futhi wathukwa. Amasampula ebiwa elebhu yakhe, amadokhumenti ashiswa etafuleni lakhe, wathi umphathi wakhe, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomphathi wakhe, wamyala ukuthi ayeke ukwenza ucwaningo lwe-GMO. Akekho osaphindile ucwaningo luka-Ermakova olulula nolungabizi.
Emzamweni wokumbonisa uzwela, omunye wozakwabo wasikisela ukuthi mhlawumbe i-GM soy yayizoxazulula inkinga yokugcwala kwabantu!
Ukwenqatshwa kwama-GMO
Ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, akekho ongakhomba ngokuqondile ukuthi yini ebangela izinkinga zokuzala kuma-hamster namagundane aseRussia, amagundane nezinkomo zase-Italy nase-Austrian eNdiya naseMelika. Futhi singaqagela kuphela mayelana nokuxhumana phakathi kokwethulwa kokudla kwe-GM ku-1996 kanye nokukhuphuka okuhambisanayo kwesisindo sokuzalwa esiphansi, ukungabi nabantwana kanye nezinye izinkinga kubantu base-US. Kodwa ososayensi abaningi, odokotela, kanye nezakhamuzi ezikhathazekile abakholelwa ukuthi umphakathi kufanele uhlale uyizilwane zaselabhu ukuze kube nokuhlola okukhulu, okungalawuleki embonini ye-biotech.
U-Aleksey Surov uthi: “Asinalo ilungelo lokusebenzisa ama-GMO kuze kube yilapho siqonda imiphumela engemihle engase ibe khona hhayi kithina kuphela, kodwa nasezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Impela sidinga ucwaningo olunzulu ukuze sikucacise lokhu. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokungcola kufanele luhlolwe ngaphambi kokuthi sikusebenzise, futhi ama-GMO angenye yawo. ”