Okuqukethwe
Emhlabeni, kuneziqongo zezintaba eziyishumi nane ezinobude obungaphezu kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili. Zonke lezi ziqongo zitholakala e-Asia Ephakathi. Kodwa iningi iziqongo zezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu zisezintabeni ze-Himalaya. Babizwa nangokuthi "uphahla lomhlaba." Ukuqwala izintaba ezinjalo kuwumsebenzi oyingozi kakhulu. Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwakukholelwa ukuthi izintaba ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili zazingenakufinyeleleka kubantu. Senze isilinganiso kweziyishumi, esihlanganisa izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni.
10 Annapurna | 8091 m
Lesi siqongo sivula abayishumi abaphezulu izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu zeplanethi yethu. I-Annapurna idume kakhulu futhi idumile, ingeyezinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili ze-Himalaya eyanqotshwa abantu. Ngokokuqala ngqa, abantu bakhuphukela phezulu ngo-1950. I-Annapurna itholakala eNepal, ukuphakama kwesiqongo sayo kungamamitha angu-8091. Le ntaba ineziqongo ezifinyelela kweziyisishiyagalolunye, kwenye yazo (iMachapuchare), unyawo lomuntu alukalubeki unyawo. Abantu bendawo babheka lesi siqongo njengendawo yokuhlala engcwele yeNkosi uShiva. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuphuka akuvunyelwe. Iziqongo eziphakeme kakhulu kweziyisishiyagalolunye zibizwa ngokuthi i-Annapurna 1. I-Annapurna iyingozi kakhulu, ukukhuphukela esiqongweni sayo kwathatha ukuphila kwabaningi abanolwazi lokuqwala izintaba.
9. Nanga Parbat | 8125 m
Le ntaba ingeyesishiyagalolunye ngobukhulu emhlabeni wethu. Itholakala ePakistan futhi inobude obungamamitha angama-8125. Igama lesibili leNanga Parbat nguDiamir, elihumusha ngokuthi "iNtaba Yonkulunkulu". Ngokokuqala ngqá bakwazi ukuwunqoba ngo-1953 kuphela. Inqwaba yabaqwali bafa ngesikhathi bezama ukuqwala lesi siqongo sentaba. Mayelana nokufa kwabantu abaqwala izintaba, ikleliswe endaweni yesithathu elusizi ngemuva kwe-K-2 ne-Everest. Le ntaba ibizwa nangokuthi “umbulali”.
8. Manazi | 8156 m
Lesi sibalo sezinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili sikleliswe endaweni yesishiyagalombili ohlwini lwethu izintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni. Itholakala naseNepal futhi iyingxenye yentaba iMansiri-Himal. Ukuphakama kwesiqongo buyi-8156 m. Isiqongo sentaba nezindawo ezizungezile zasemaphandleni zinhle kakhulu. Yanqotshwa okokuqala ngo-1956 ngohambo lwaseJapan. Izivakashi ziyathanda ukuvakashela lapha. Kodwa ukuze unqobe ingqungquthela, udinga ulwazi oluningi nokuzilungiselela okuhle kakhulu. Ngesikhathi bezama ukuqwala iManaslu, kwafa abaqwali abangu-53.
7. Dhaulagiri | 8167 m
I-Mountain Peak, etholakala engxenyeni yaseNepal ye-Himalayas. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha angu-8167. Igama lentaba lihunyushwa lisuselwa olimini lwendawo ngokuthi "intaba emhlophe". Cishe yonke imbozwe yiqhwa nezinguzunga zeqhwa. I-Dhaulagiri inzima kakhulu ukukhuphuka. Wakwazi ukunqoba ngo-1960. Ukwenyuka kulesi siqongo kwathatha ukuphila kwabantu abangu-58 abanolwazi (abanye abayi izintaba ze-Himalaya).
6. Cho-Oyu | 8201 m
Enye izinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili ze-Himalayan, etholakala emngceleni weNepal neChina. Ukuphakama kwalesi siqongo kungamamitha angama-8201. Kubhekwa njengokungenzima kakhulu ukukhuphuka, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, sekuvele kuthathe izimpilo zabaqwali abangu-39 futhi kukleliswe endaweni yesithupha ohlwini lwethu lwezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu emhlabeni wethu.
5. Makalu | 8485 m
Intaba yesihlanu ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni iMakalu, igama lesibili lalesi siqongo i-Black Giant. Itholakala nasezintabeni ze-Himalaya, emngceleni weNepal neChina futhi inobude obungamamitha angama-8485. Itholakala kumakhilomitha ayishumi nesishiyagalolunye ukusuka e-Everest. Le ntaba inzima ngendlela eyisimanga ukuyiqwala, amagquma ayo ayimiqansa kakhulu. Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu kuphela yohambo olunomgomo wokufinyelela engqungqutheleni yalo oluphumelelayo. Ngesikhathi kukhuphukela lesi siqongo, kwafa abaqwali abangu-26.
4. Lihle | 8516 m
Enye intaba etholakala ezintabeni zase-Himalaya futhi enobude obungaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili. I-Lhotse isemngceleni ophakathi kweChina neNepal. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha angu-8516. Itholakala ebangeni elingamakhilomitha amathathu ukusuka e-Everest. Ngokokuqala ngqa, bakwazi ukunqoba le ntaba kuphela ngo-1956. I-Lhotse ineziqongo ezintathu, ngasinye esingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili ukuphakama. Le ntaba ibhekwa njengenye yeziqongo eziphakeme kakhulu, eziyingozi kakhulu futhi okunzima ukuzikhuphuka.
3. Kanchenja | 8585 m
Lesi siqongo sentaba sitholakala nasezintabeni ze-Himalaya, phakathi kweNdiya neNepal. Lesi yintaba yesithathu ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni: ukuphakama kwentaba ngamamitha angu-8585. Intaba yinhle kakhulu, ineziqongo ezinhlanu. Ukukhuphukela kwayo kokuqala kwenzeka ngo-1954. Ukunqotshwa kwalesi siqongo kwabiza izimpilo zabagibeli abangamashumi amane.
2. I-Chogory (K-2) | 8614 m
IChogori iyintaba yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha angu-8614. I-K-2 itholakala ezintabeni zase-Himalaya, emngceleni weChina nePakistan. I-Chogori ibhekwa njengenye yeziqongo zezintaba ezinzima kakhulu ukukhuphuka; kwaba nokwenzeka kuphela ukuyinqoba ngo-1954. Kwabaqwali abangu-249 abaqwala isiqongo sayo, kwafa abantu abangama-60. Lesi siqongo sentaba sinhle kakhulu.
1. Everest (Chomolungma) | 8848 m
Lesi siqongo sentaba siseNepal. Ukuphakama kwawo kungamamitha angu-8848. I-Everest i isiqongo sentaba ephakeme kakhulu I-Himalaya kanye neplanethi yethu yonke. I-Everest iyingxenye yentaba iMalangur-Himal. Le ntaba ineziqongo ezimbili: enyakatho (8848 amamitha) kanye eningizimu (8760 amamitha). Intaba yinhle ngendlela emangalisayo: inomumo wombhoshongo ocishe uphelele we-trihedral. Kwakungenzeka ukunqoba iChomolungma kuphela ngo-1953. Phakathi nemizamo yokukhuphuka i-Everest, abaqwali abangu-210 bafa. Namuhla, ukukhuphuka umzila oyinhloko akuseyona inkinga, noma kunjalo, endaweni ephakeme, ama-daredevils azobhekana nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo (cishe akukho mlilo), umoya onamandla kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi (ngaphansi kwama-degrees ayisithupha). Ukuze unqobe i-Everest, udinga ukusebenzisa okungenani u-$8.
Intaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni: ividiyo
Ukunqotshwa kwazo zonke iziqongo zezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu zeplanethi kuyinqubo eyingozi kakhulu futhi eyinkimbinkimbi, kuthatha isikhathi esiningi futhi kudinga imali eningi. Njengamanje, abaqwali abangu-30 kuphela abakwazile ukwenza lokhu - bakwazile ukukhuphuka zonke iziqongo eziyishumi nane, ezinobude obungaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayisishiyagalombili. Kulezi zigilamkhuba kukhona abesifazane abathathu.
Kungani abantu beqwala izintaba bebeka ukuphila kwabo engozini? Lo mbuzo uyi-rhetorical. Mhlawumbe, ukuze azitholele ngokwakhe iqiniso lokuthi umuntu unamandla kunento eyimpumputhe yemvelo. Nokho, njengebhonasi, abanqobi balezi ziqongo bathola imibukwane yobuhle bendawo obungakaze bubonwe ngaphambili.