Okuqukethwe
Ukudoba i-tarpon
Ama-tarpon awuhlobo lwezinhlanzi ezinkulu zasolwandle ezihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili: i-Atlantic kanye ne-Indo-Pacific. Kubadobi baseRussia, ukubonakala kwama-tarpon kungase kufane nezinhlobo ezinkulu ze-herring ezimnyama noma ezinamahlo amakhulu. Ukufana okuvamile cishe kukhona, kodwa ngokwezici ze-morphological zama-tarpons, ososayensi abakazihlanganisi nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Izinhlanzi ziyingxenye yomndeni ohlukile we-monotypic. Ama-tarpon angafinyelela osayizi abakhulu kakhulu. Isisindo samanye ama-specimens "sigcwalisa" ngo-150 kg ngobude obungaba ngu-2.5 m. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu sezinhlanzi yikhono lokugwinya umoya ovela phezulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi zokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emanzini. Lokhu kuhanjiswa ngesakhiwo esingavamile sesinye sokubhukuda (inhlanzi evulekile-bubble), ehilelekile ekushintsheni kwe-oxygen emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile, ukubonakala kwama-tarpon kubonakala kakhulu: ikhanda elikhulu, elinamandla, umzimba umbozwe ngezikali ezinkulu, umzimba ongaphezulu umnyama, umbala ophelele u-silvery, okhanyayo, ungahluka kuye ngokuthi umbala wamanzi. I-Tarpon ithathwa njengohlobo lwakudala, izimpawu zamathambo asukela eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-125 ziyaziwa, kanti izici ezijwayelekile azishintshile. Ngokuvamile, izinhlanzi zigcina umugqa osogwini lolwandle, zizwela kakhulu ekushiseni kwamanzi. Bangakwazi ukufuduka isikhathi eside beyofuna ukudla. Olwandle oluvulekile, zigcina ukujula kuze kufike ku-15 m. Bathanda kakhulu izinhlanzi ezihlukahlukene kanye nezindawo ezincane eduze kweziqhingi kanye nogu lwezwekazi. I-Tarpon ibekezelela kalula izinguquko kusawoti wamanzi, ingena emanzini anosawoti wendawo yangaphambi komfula wemifula kanye nemifula ngokwayo. I-tarpon enkulu kunazo zonke ku-ateur tackle yabanjwa eLake Maracaibo eVenezuela. Ukuba khona kwama-tarpon kunqunywa kalula ukuphuma okuya emanzini, lapho ezingela khona futhi abambe noma akhulule umoya. Idla izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlanzi, ama-mollusk nama-crustaceans.
Izindlela zokudoba
I-Tarpon iyimbangi engenakuqhathaniswa yabathandi bokudoba kwezemidlalo. Ukudoba kuwo akulindelekile kakhulu futhi kungokomzwelo. Ubanjwe ehhuku, ugxumela emanzini, wenza ama-somersault amaningi, amelana isikhathi eside futhi "kuze kube sekugcineni". Abanye abalandeli banegama elithi "inkosi yesiliva". Ezifundeni zezivakashi, ama-tarpon awavamile ukusetshenziselwa ukudla; bayinto yokudoba ngesisekelo "sokubamba nokukhulula". Izindlela zokudoba ezivamile, ezingavamile ukudoba impukane, ukuphotha nokuntweza.
Ukubamba izinhlanzi phezu kwenduku yokuphotha
Uma ukhetha amagiya okudoba nge-spinning yakudala, lapho udoba ama-tarpon, kuhle ukuthi uqhubeke nomgomo othi "usayizi wokudla + usayizi wendondo". Ama-tarpon ahlala ezingqimbeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, ngakho-ke abamba "i-cast". Ukudoba ngezinduku zokuphotha, kusetshenziswa ama-bait akudala: ama-spinner, ama-wobblers, nokuningi. Ama-reels kufanele abe nokutholakala okuhle kwentambo yokudoba noma intambo. Ngaphandle kwe-braking system engenazinkinga, ikhoyili kufanele ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini yokudoba olwandle, izintambo ezisheshayo ziyadingeka, okusho isilinganiso esiphezulu segiya lomshini wokusonga. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Ukukhethwa kwezinduku kuhluke kakhulu, okwamanje, abakhiqizi banikeza inombolo enkulu "yezikhala" ezikhethekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokudoba kanye nezinhlobo ze-bait. Uma udoba ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphothayo, indlela yokudoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ukhethe i-wiring efanele, kuyadingeka ukuthintana nabadobi abanolwazi noma abaqondisi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ukusika okulungile.
I-tarpon trolling
Ukuze uzibambe, uzodinga ukudoba okunzima kakhulu. I-Sea trolling iyindlela yokudoba ngosizo lwemoto ehambayo, njengesikebhe noma isikebhe. Ukudoba olwandle nasezindaweni ezivulekile zasolwandle, kusetshenziswa imikhumbi ekhethekile enamathuluzi amaningi. Okuyinhloko kukhona abanikazi bezintambo, ngaphezu kwalokho, izikebhe zifakwe izihlalo zokudlala izinhlanzi, itafula lokwenza ama-baits, imisindo enamandla ye-echo nokunye. Izinduku nazo zisetshenziswa ezikhethekile, ezenziwe nge-fiberglass namanye ama-polymers anokufakwa okukhethekile. Amakhoyili asetshenziswa ngokuphindaphinda, umthamo omkhulu. Idivayisi yama-trolling reels ingaphansi komqondo oyinhloko walelo giya - amandla. I-mono-line, kuze kufike ku-4 mm ubukhulu noma ngaphezulu, ikalwa, ngokudoba okunjalo, ngamakhilomitha. Ziningi impela izinto ezisizayo ezisetshenziswa kuye ngezimo zokudoba: ukujulisa okokusebenza, ukubeka izinti endaweni yokudoba, ukunamathisela isiheho, nokunye, okuhlanganisa izinto eziningi zokusebenza. I-Trolling, ikakhulukazi lapho uzingela imidondoshiya yasolwandle, iwuhlobo lweqembu lokudoba. Njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa izinduku eziningana. Endabeni yokulunywa, ukuhambisana kweqembu kubalulekile ukuze kubanjwe ngempumelelo. Ngaphambi kohambo, kuhle ukuthola imithetho yokudoba esifundeni. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudoba kwenziwa ngabaqondisi abangochwepheshe abanomthwalo wemfanelo ngokugcwele kulo mcimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukucinga indondo olwandle noma olwandle kungase kuhlotshaniswe namahora amaningi okulinda ukulunywa, ngezinye izikhathi kungaphumeleli.
ukudoba izindiza
Ukudoba izindiza nge-tarpon kuwuhlobo olukhethekile lokudoba. Kulokhu, ngisho namagiya akhethekile kanye nemishini kukhiqizwa ngobuchwepheshe balolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi. Ezincwadini ezihlukahlukene zokudoba, ungathola izithombe ezimibalabala zokudoba izindiza ze-tarpon. Ezimweni eziningi, ngaphambi kohambo kufanelekile ukucacisa usayizi wama-trophies angenzeka. Njengomthetho, uma ukwazi ukubamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu, kufanele ukhethe igiya lokudoba elinamandla kakhulu. Ukulwa ne-tarpon kudinga ikhono elikhethekile nokukhuthazela. Kunalokho kusetshenziswa ama-bait amakhulu, ngakho-ke, kusetshenziswa izintambo ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kuze kufike ku-11-12, okuhambisana nezinduku zasolwandle ezinesandla esisodwa kanye nama-volumetric reels, lapho okungenani i-200 m yokusekelwa okuqinile ibekwe. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-tackle izovezwa emanzini anosawoti. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kumakhoyili nezintambo. Lapho ukhetha ikhoyili, kufanele unake ngokukhethekile ukuklanywa kwesistimu ye-brake. I-clutch ye-friction akumele ithembeke kuphela ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa futhi ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Njengoba sekushiwo, inhlanzi iqaphe kakhulu futhi inamahloni. Ngesikhathi sokudoba, inani elikhulu lemibuthano lingenzeka, ngakho-ke ikhono elikhulu liyadingeka lapho uhuka futhi udlala.
Amahubo
Ama-Wobblers abhekwa njengama-bait aphumelela kakhulu ukuphotha. I-tarpon ayimbi isabela ezinhlobonhlobo, izinti ze-silicone ezikhanyayo nama-spinner. Kuzo zonke izinhlanzi zasolwandle, izingwegwe ezinamandla kakhulu, ezingafaki i-oxidizing kanye nezinsiza zensimbi kufanele zisetshenziswe. Ngokuphathelene nama-tarpons, ngenxa yesimo esikhethekile kanye nesakhiwo semihlathi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izingwegwe ezibukhali neziqinile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zizodwa noma kathathu. Okufanayo kusebenza nasezintweni zokudoba ezindizayo. Lapho udoba ezindaweni ezingajulile, ukulingiswa okuhlukahlukene kwama-crabs, ama-crustaceans nezinye izakhamuzi zezendlalelo zamanzi angaphansi zisetshenziswa. Lapho kulingisa izinhlanzi, kusetshenziswa izinto ezihlukahlukene ze-fluorescent, eziguquguqukayo. Ukuze ubambe ama-tarpon, ama-bait angaphezulu, njengama-popper, asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Indawo eyinhloko yokusabalalisa ama-tarpons amanzi ase-Atlantic futhi, ngokwengxenye, izilwandle zaseNdiya. E-Pacific Ocean, ama-tarpon awavamile kangako. I-Indo - I-Pacific tarpon incane kunozakwabo wase-Atlantic. Emanzini asePacific, ama-tarpon atholakala kusukela ogwini lwaseChina kuya e-Australia, kuhlanganise nasogwini lwezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika. Izibalo ezibaluleke kakhulu zalezi zinhlanzi zaziwa engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Atlantic. Nakuba nazo zitholakala ngasogwini lwase-Afrika. Kunamacala aziwayo okubanjwa kwama-tapron emanzini asePortugal nase-Azores. Umngcele osenyakatho ufinyelela eNova Scotia, futhi umngcele oseningizimu ufinyelela e-Argentina. Ngokuyisisekelo, imihlambi yama-tarpons inamathela engxenyeni esogwini lolwandle, ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye zibanjwa ezindaweni zemifula yemifula, ngezinye izikhathi ama-tarpon aqondwa, emifuleni emikhulu, ekude kakhulu nomfula.
Ukuzalela
Ama-tarpon abonakala nge-fecundity ephezulu kakhulu. Ivuthwe ngeminyaka engu-6-7. Isikhathi sokuzala siyahlukahluka ngokwesifunda. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlanzi kubamba womabili ama-hemispheres, kunqunywa izici ezingavamile zezinkathi zonyaka. Esifundeni saseCaribbean, lezi yizinyanga zasehlobo nentwasahlobo eziwuphawu lwenyakatho nenkabazwe, ezifundeni eziseningizimu nenkabazwe, izinyanga ezihambisana nentwasahlobo nehlobo kulesi sifunda. Ezinye izazi ze-ichthyologists zithi ama-tarpon azala unyaka wonke, izikhathi eziningana, futhi ukuzala kuhlotshaniswa nemijikelezo yenyanga. Ukuzala kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamaqanda kwenzeka ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwamanzi endaweni esogwini lolwandle. Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka wezibungu, i-leptocephali, uyinkimbinkimbi futhi uhamba ngezigaba eziningana.