Kungaba nzima kumthengi ukwenza umqondo ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezithatha indawo zikashukela ezitholakala emakethe namuhla. Ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele, udinga ukwazi zonke izinzuzo nezingozi zale mikhiqizo.
Abantu abaningi abafuna ukunciphisa amakhalori ekudleni kwabo babheka uhlobo oluthile lwe-sweetener njengenye indlela kunoshukela.
Kulezi zinsuku, esikhundleni sikashukela kukhona eziphuzweni eziningi ezihlukahlukene kanye nokudla. Zibhalwe “ezingenashukela” kanye “nokudla.” Ama-sweeteners angatholakala ku-chewing gum, jellies, ice cream, amaswidi, iyogathi.
Yiziphi ezinye esikhundleni sikashukela? Lezo, ngomqondo obanzi, yinoma yimaphi ama-sweeteners asetshenziswa esikhundleni se-sucrose. Phakathi kwazo, ezokwenziwa zingenye yezinhlobo zama-sweeteners.
Ngezansi uhlu lwama-sweeteners adumile kanye nezigaba zawo:
Ama-sweeteners okwenziwa yi-neotame, i-sucralose, i-saccharin, i-aspartame, ne-acesulfame.
Utshwala obushukela yi-xylitol, i-mannitol, i-sorbitol, i-erythritol, i-isomalt, i-lactitol, i-hydrogenated isitashi hydrolyzate, i-erythritol.
Ama-sweeteners amasha: i-tagatose, i-stevia extract, i-trehalose.
Ama-sweeteners wemvelo: ijusi ye-agave, ushukela wedethi, uju, isiraphu ye-maple.
Utshwala obushukela kanye nama-sweeteners amasha
Ama-Polyols, noma ama-alcohol ashukela, angama-carbohydrate okwenziwa noma emvelo. Banobumnandi obuncane nama-calories kunoshukela. Azinayo i-ethanol.
Ama-sweeteners amasha ayinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezahlukene zezithako zikashukela. Ama-sweeteners amasha afana ne-stevia akuthola kunzima ukungena esigabeni esisodwa ngenxa yokuthi enziwe ngezithako ezihlukene.
I-Tagatose ne-trehalose zithathwa njengezimnandi ezintsha ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo samakhemikhali. I-Tagatose inama-carbohydrate aphansi futhi iyisishukela esifana ne-fructose eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, kodwa futhi yenziwa nge-lactose etholakala emikhiqizweni yobisi. I-Trehalose ingatholakala kumakhowe noju.
Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala obushukela
Akuvamile ukusetshenziswa lapho kulungiswa ukudla ekhaya. Atholakala ikakhulukazi ekudleni okugayiwe okwengeza ubumnandi, umthamo kanye nokuthungwa futhi kuvimbele ukudla ukuthi kome.
Ama-sweeteners wokufakelwa
Leli qembu liqukethe ama-sweeteners ahlanganiswe ngamakhemikhali. Angabuye atholakale ezintweni zezitshalo. Ahlukaniswa njengama-sweeteners aqinile ngoba amnandi kakhulu kunoshukela ojwayelekile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-sweeteners okwenziwa
Ukukhanga kwabo kuchazwa yiqiniso lokuthi abakhulisi okuqukethwe kwe-caloric ekudleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu udinga inani elincane le-sweetener uma kuqhathaniswa nenani likashukela elidingekayo ukuze unambithe ubumnandi.
Ama-sweeteners okwenziwa avame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kweziphuzo, amakhekhe, amaswidi, okokugcina, ujamu kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi.
Ama-sweeteners okwenziwa asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni kwasekhaya. Ezinye zazo zingasetshenziswa ekubhakeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindlela zokupheka zendabuko zidinga ukuguqulwa, ngoba ama-sweeteners okufakelwa asetshenziswa ngamavolumu amancane kakhulu kunoshukela. Hlola amalebula kuma-sweetener ukuze uthole ulwazi lomthamo. Amanye ama-sweeteners avame ukushiya i-aftertaste engathandeki.
Izinzuzo Zezempilo Ezingaba Khona
Inzuzo eyaziwayo yama-sweeteners okwenziwa ukuthi ayiholeli ekuboleni kwamazinyo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic emlonyeni womlomo.
Esinye isici esikhangisiwe sasingenalo ikhalori. Kodwa idatha yocwaningo iphakamisa ukuthi esikhundleni sikashukela akuholeli ekulahlekelweni kwamakhilogremu engeziwe.
Abaningi abanesifo sikashukela bakhetha ama-sweeteners angabhekwa njengama-carbohydrate futhi awanyusi ushukela wegazi.
Ingabe ama-sweeteners ayingozi empilweni?
Imiphumela yezempilo yama-sweeteners okwenziwa iye yacutshungulwa ngokucophelela emashumini eminyaka adlule. Abagxeki bama-sweeteners okwenziwa bathi adala uhla lwezinkinga zempilo, okuhlanganisa nomdlavuza. Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu ucwaningo olwenziwa ngeminyaka yawo-1970 olwaluxhumanisa ukuthathwa kwe-saccharin nokuthuthukiswa komdlavuza wesinye kumagundane aselabhorethri. Umphumela wokuhlolwa kwaba ukuthi i-saccharin isikhathi esithile imakwe uphawu oluyisixwayiso lokuthi ingaba yingozi empilweni yakho.
Njengamanje, ngokweNational Cancer Institute kanye nezinye izikhungo zezempilo zomphakathi zase-US, abukho ubufakazi besayensi obuphelele bokuthi noma iziphi izimuncumuncu zokwenziwa ezigunyazwe ukusetshenziswa zibangela umdlavuza noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezimbi kakhulu. Kuvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa i-saccharin, i-acesulfame, i-aspartame, i-neotame ne-sucralose. Ucwaningo oluningi luqinisekisa ukuthi ama-sweeteners okwenziwa ngokuvamile aphephile ngamanani alinganiselwe, ngisho nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kwanqunywa ukususa ilebula yesixwayiso ku-saccharin.
Nokho, ubufakazi obusha bubonisa ukuthi abantu abavame ukudla izinto ezishintsha ushukela bangase babe sengcupheni eyengeziwe yokukhuluphala ngokweqile, i-metabolic syndrome, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nesifo senhliziyo. Ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kweziphuzo "zokudla" kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda okungama-36% engcupheni yokuthola isifo se-metabolic kanye nokwanda kwe-67% kohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi ungasebenzisa ama-sweeteners ngokulinganisela futhi ulungele ukuwayeka noma nini uma ufuna? Ungabi naso isiqiniseko. Ucwaningo lwezilwane lubonisa ukuthi ama-sweeteners okwenziwa angalutha. Amagundane achayeke ku-cocaine abe esenikezwa ukukhetha phakathi kwe-cocaine efakwa emthanjeni ne-saccharin yomlomo, iningi elikhetha i-saccharin.