Squid

Incazelo

I-squid iyi-cephalopod mollusk yokuhweba. Ama-squids (lat. Teuthida) - angaphansi kwe-cephalopods, ngokungafani ne-octopus, anezintambo eziyishumi. I-squid iyabhukudi elihle kakhulu elikwazi ukumboza amabanga amade. Bahamba ngosizo lwenjini ye-jet: banembobo ekhethekile emizimbeni yabo, lapho ama-cephalopods aphonsa khona umfula wamanzi.

Phakathi kwe-squid, kunenye yama-mollusks amakhulu kunayo yonke, i-architeutis, enezintambo zayo ezifinyelela kumamitha ayishumi nesithupha. I-Architeuthis (i-giant squid) (Latin Architeuthis) iyinhlobo ye-squid ejulile yolwandle eyakha umndeni ozimele we-Architeuthidae. Lesi yisilwane esingenamqolo esinamandla kunazo zonke esingakwazi ukukala ngempumelelo amandla nomkhomo wesidoda.

Ezilwandle zaseMpumalanga Ekude, eduze nogu lwasePrimorsky naseSakhalin, i-Pacific squid itholakala kakhulu. Olwandle, le mollusk inombala oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo ngokukhanyayo. Kepha kufanele uyisuse emanzini, njengoba umbala ushintsha ngokushesha bese uthola isitini esibomvu, futhi kwesinye isikhathi umbala onsundu. Isisindo sama-squid ahlala emanzini aseMpumalanga Ekude sincane - kuze kufike kumagremu angamakhulu ayisikhombisa namashumi amahlanu.

Ngenkathi efudumele, isardard yasePacific, u-Iwashi, uhlala oLwandle lwaseJapan. Ifika ogwini lwethu ngemuva kokuzala, ifinyelela enyakatho yeTatar Strait. Futhi kanye no-Iwashi, izikole ze-squid "zivakashela" amazwe ethu, lapho isaladi lasePacific liyisilonda esithandwa kakhulu.

Ukudoba - bamba ama-squid

Ibanjwa kanjani i-squid? Kwamanye amazwe, izinduku zokudoba ezinama-spinner noma izingwegwe zisetshenziselwa lokhu. Babanjwa esikebheni; Igibe elinenombolo enkulu yamahhuku liboshelwe kulayini oqinile futhi omncane wokudoba, onamamitha ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu ubude, ahlanganiswe nenduku emfushane futhi eguquguqukayo.

Kodwa kufanelekile ukukhipha ama-squid ekujuleni kolwandle, usebenzisa ngaphansi kwamanzi nokukhanya kwaphezulu kwalokhu, njengoba ekujuleni kwemitha elilodwa bangabanjwa ngesihlilingi. Ukudoba okuphumelela kakhulu ukushona kwelanga. Ama-squid amakhulu ahlala kude nolwandle, nezincane ezisogwini.

Ngemuva kokuqeda ukubamba (ukubamba) ama-squid, kuyadingeka ukuthumela i-squid ukucubungula ngokushesha. Ama-squid afakwa emigqeni emabhokisini noma obhasikidi, anezintambo ezinhlangothini ezihlukile, uma kungenjalo angadlana, futhi lokhu kuzokonakalisa ukubukeka komkhiqizo.

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-squid emhlabeni "wenyama yasolwandle" sekuphindwe kabili. Futhi ukubanjwa kwe-cephalopod mollusk kukhule ngaphezu kokuphindwe kahlanu. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwama-squid kungakhushulwa kufinyelele kumathani ayishumi nanhlanu kuya kwamashumi amabili ngonyaka!

Isikhwama seyki le-squid

Wonke ama-cephalopods anesipho esibalulekile esivela emvelweni - isikhwama seyinki. Lesi isitho sangaphakathi se-squid, esisembathweni. Uyinki uqukethe udayi ophilayo. Umthunzi weyinki kuma-cephalopods awufani: ku-cuttlefish kumnyama okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ku-squid kunsundu.

Ukubheka kukhombisile ukuthi uyinki ophonswe ngaphandle yi-cephalopods awuncibiliki masinyane, imizuzu eyishumi noma ngaphezulu zilenga emanzini njengethonsi elimnyama elihlangene. Kepha into egqame kakhulu ukuthi ukuma kwedonsi kufana nohlaka lwesilwane esilulahlile. Umzingeli ubamba lokhu kwehla esikhundleni sesisulu eseqile. Bese "iqhuma" futhi isimboze isitha efwini elimnyama, kuyilapho ama-squid, esebenzisa lesembozo, ecasha ekuphishekeleni.

Kusetshenziswa isikhwama sikayinki

Kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe besimanje, upende ungatholakala kokuqukethwe kwesikhwama sikayinki. Ukwenza lokhu, benza lokhu: izikhwama ziyasuswa ngaphakathi, zigezwe emanzini olwandle futhi zomiswe elangeni. Izikhwama ezomisiwe ziyachotshozwa futhi zibiliswe, ngemuva kwalokho kuketshezi kuhlungwe, bese kukhishwa upende.

Lawa amanani aqukethe isikhwama sikayinki! Kepha udinga ukuyiphatha ngokucophelela, uma uyilimaza, upende uzovuza, nenyama ye-squid izomnyama.

Abantu ababhekana ne-squid bukhoma, okokuqala, kufanele banakekele amehlo abo, ngoba uketshezi olunemibala, oluthola ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lweso, lubanga ukucasuka okukhulu.

Ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwekhalori

Ama-squid anomsoco futhi anempilo. I-Cephalopods iyinqolobane yangempela yezinto zamaprotheni. Kunezinto eziningi ezikhishwayo ezicutshini zomzimba wesquid, ezinomthelela ekukhiqizweni kwamajusi okugaya ukudla futhi zinikeze ukunambitheka okukhethekile emikhiqizweni yokupheka eyenziwe nge-squid.

Ngokuya ngamakhemikhali, izicubu ezingavuthiwe ze-squid zihlukaniswa ngamanzi amaningi nokuqukethwe okunamafutha aphansi; kodwa-ke, abanye abacwaningi bathi ingwane ehlala emanzini aseningizimu yeSakhalin icebile emafutheni. Izicubu zomzimba ezomile ze-squid ziqukethe (ngamaphesenti):

• amaprotheni 81.4,
• amafutha 5.8,
• glycogen kuze kufike ku-1.4,
• amaminerali 10.2.

Ososayensi bathi izicubu zomzimba zeskwidi ziqukethe amavithamini B kanye nezakhi zokulandelela, novithamini C.

Idliwa kanjani ingwane

Izingxenye zemisipha yekhanda, isifuba, kanye nokuqina kwethenisi kungasetshenziselwa ukulungiselela ukudla okomisiwe. Ama-squid omisiwe athengiswa njengama-flakes amancane afana ne-vermicelli.

Ukuze ulungise isidumbu sabo se-squid esomisiwe emishinini, usike ube yimichilo emincane, bese epakishwa emabhokisini amakhadibhodi, amaphepha noma izikhwama ze-cellophane. Ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo esanda kumiswa, ama-squid anosawoti nawo ayalungiswa.

Izinzuzo ze-squid

Inyama ye-squid ingumthombo omuhle kakhulu wamaprotheni aphelele. Ngakho-ke, u-100 g walezi zinhlanzi unama-protein angama-18 g. Lokhu akukho ngaphansi kwenani elifanayo lenkomo noma inhlanzi.
Amaprotheni asebenza njengezinto eziyinhloko zokwakha amaseli nezicubu zomzimba, ngosizo lwawo ama-enzyme namahomoni.

Amaphrotheni angumhlinzeki obalulekile wama-amino acid emvelo (ngokwesibonelo, i-methionine, i-lecithin) - "abadali" abangenakubuyiselwa bezicubu ezintsha eziqinile kanye "nababuyisi" abanokwethenjelwa abagugile nabalimele.

I-squid iqukethe cishe wonke amavithamini adingekayo emzimbeni wethu (i-PP, C, iqembu B), iodine, i-iron, i-phosphorus, i-manganese, ne-calcium. Inyama ye-squid idlula ezinye izibiliboco zokudla kwasolwandle kokuqukethwe kwe-potassium: iyadingeka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwayo yonke imisipha, kufaka phakathi okubaluleke kakhulu - inhliziyo. I-Potassium isiza inhliziyo ukushaya ngomoya ophansi, ngesigqi nangokulingana. Amaminerali alawula ibhalansi yasawoti wamanzi emzimbeni, evimbela i-edema nokwenyuka kwengcindezi yegazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-squid iqukethe cishe ayinamafutha. Yingakho izitsha ezivela kubo zingabandakanywa ngokuphepha ezinsukwini zokuzila nokudla.

I-squid ingumthombo omuhle kakhulu wethusi, obalulekile ekwakheni i-hemoglobin ne-collagen emzimbeni.

I-phosphorus ku-squid ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekwakheni nasekugcinweni kwamathambo namazinyo aphilile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyabandakanyeka ekukhuleni kwezicubu nasekuvuseleleni umzimba, futhi kusiza nokugcina amazinga ejwayelekile e-pH yegazi. Ekugcineni, i-phosphorus ingenye yezingxenye zezingqamuzana zeseli.

I-squid iqukethe inani elikhulu le-zinc. Kuyabandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kokuvikela amasosha omzimba, ekukhiqizeni izinto zofuzo, nasekuphulukiseni isilonda.

I-squid ingumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-magnesium, obandakanyeka ekukhuleni kwamathambo, ukwakheka kwamaprotheni, izenzo ze-enzymatic, ukusikwa kwemisipha, impilo yamazinyo, kanye namasosha omzimba. Iphinde ibambe iqhaza elibalulekile ekushintshaneni kwamandla nokudluliswa kwemizwa yezinzwa.

UVitamin E ku-squid uvikela ulwelwesi oluzungeze amaseli, ikakhulukazi amaseli abomvu namhlophe egazi (amaseli omzimba).

UVitamin C, okhona ku-squid, ubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni, okungukuthi empilweni yamathambo, uqwanga, amazinyo nezinsini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivikela umzimba ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, ikhuthaza ukumuncwa kwensimbi futhi isheshisa ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu.

Ukulimaza nokuphikisana

Muva nje, sekuvele izifundo ezisemthethweni eziningi eziqinisekisa ukuminyana okuphezulu kwe-mercury nezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo ezinhlanzini nasezilwandle. Zinqwabelana emanzini ngenxa yokukhishwa yizimboni, ezikhuphuka minyaka yonke kuphela. Ngokusho kwe-Environmental Protection Agency, i-squid ingenye yokudla okumbalwa okunamandla amancane okuqongelela i-mercury.

Kodwa i-shellfish ingeyesigaba sama-allergen amakhulu kakhulu. Kubantu abaningi, ukungabekezelelani kwama-squid sekusungulwe emtholampilo, kubonakala ngendlela yokungezwani nezinto ezithile.

Ungayikhetha kanjani futhi uyigcine kanjani i-squid

Kungcono ukuthenga ingwane efriziwe. I-Thawed, ikakhulukazi uma ubuchwepheshe bungalandelwa, banambitha okumunyu futhi abagcini ukwakheka kwabo. Ngokuyisisekelo, kungumshado ongenanzuzo yokudla okunomsoco noma okumnandi. Izidumbu akufanele zinamathele, ngoba lokhu kukhombisa nokuthi umkhiqizo uhluziwe phambi kwakho.

Umzimba uhlale umbozwe ngefilimu, okuthi, ngokuya ngendawo yemollusk, ingaba nomthunzi ohlukile - kusuka kwimpunga kuya kokunsomi okujulile. Futhi inyama yazo zonke izinhlobo ine-hue emhlophe njengeqhwa. Noma imuphi omunye umbala uyisiginali eqinisekisa ikhwalithi empofu. Ngokwethiyori, ungathenga i-squid ehlutshiwe, kepha lokhu kuzokonakalisa ngokushesha ukunambitheka kwesidlo sokugcina, ngoba inyama enjalo ayinambitheki neze.

Kunemfihlo encane engaqondiswa lapho ukhetha lezi zinhlanzi zasolwandle: usayizi omncane, inyama iyanambitha.

Udinga kuphela ukugcina ama-squid efrijini. Azikwazi ukuncibilikiswa futhi zifriziwe futhi ngokungadingekile.

Ungayisusa kanjani ngokushesha i-squid

Ukuwasula ngokushesha kwifilimu, awudingi amathuluzi akhethekile. Kwanele ukubeka izimbaza ezibandisiwe esitsheni bese uthela amanzi abilayo phezu kwaso. Ngenxa yomehluko wamazinga okushisa, cishe yonke ifilimu ebusweni bayo iyagoqeka futhi ixebuleke kalula. Lowo ongasuki angasuswa kalula ngesandla.

Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukukhipha wonke amanzi bese ugeza isidumbu ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo. Udinga futhi ukususa wonke ama-insides we-squid, kufaka phakathi umgogodla osobala, uphinde ugeze futhi. Uma, ngemuva kwazo zonke lezi zinqubo, inyama ingakapholi ngokuphelele, kufanele ithululwe ngamanzi ashisayo (kepha hhayi amanzi abilayo) bese ishiywa imizuzu embalwa.

Ungayipheka kanjani ingwane emnandi

Namuhla kunezinombolo eziningi zokupheka ezisekelwe ku-squid. Zifanele kuwo womabili amamenyu ansuku zonke nawamaholide.

Ungathosa kanjani

Uma kungekho zinkinga ngomgudu wamathumbu, ngezikhathi ezithile ungazitotosa nge-squid ethosiwe.

Lokhu kuzodinga:

• squid eqandisiwe - amagremu angama-300;
• i-soy sauce - izipuni eziyi-5;
• usawoti ukunambitha;
• iwayini elimhlophe elimile - 120 ml;
• i-ginger egayiwe - ukunambitha;
• i-dill - amagatsha ama-2-3;
• amafutha omnqumo noma i-sunflower - izipuni ezi-3;
• ushukela - 1 tsp;
• ijusi lengxenye kalamula.

Ukulungiselela

Okokuqala, sichitha i-squid, sigeze kahle bese sisusa ifilimu kubo. Sisika isidumbu saba izingxenye ze-4-6, kuye ngosayizi waso. Endishini ehlukile, hlanganisa iwayini, isosi yesosi, ujusi kalamula, ujinja ogayiwe, ushukela, engeza idile eqoshiwe. Sihlanganisa konke kuze kube yilapho ushukela uqothuka ngokuphelele. Sifaka ama-squid ku-marinade evelayo bese siyishiya esiqandisini imizuzu engama-60. Ngemuva kwalokho, sishisa ipani, uthele amafutha bese ubeka ama-squid kuwo. Fry ngomlilo ophakathi imizuzu engu-10.

Ungabilisa kanjani

Indlela engcono yokupheka ama-squid ukuwabilisa. Ukwenza lokhu, inyama esikiwe noma isidumbu sonke kufanele sifakwe emanzini anosawoti ngokufaka upelepele omnyama namaqabunga e-bay. Udinga ukuyipheka ingekho ngaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu, ngaphandle kwalokho iyoba yirabha. Ingabuye ithambe futhi kuphela uma iphekwe imizuzu engama-30. Kepha ngale ndlela ubuningi bayo buzoncishiswa ngohafu ncamashi. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungenza noma yini oyifunayo nge-clam - uyinqume ngamasaladi noma uyihlanganise.

Amaqiniso we-squid athakazelisayo

Abathandi bezilwane zasolwandle bazoba nentshisekelo kulwazi olulandelayo:

1. Ama-squid yizakhamizi ezingafundiwe kakhulu ezilwandle, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-300 ze-squid seziqinisekiswe ngokusemthethweni, kepha izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zihlala zingaziwa.
2. Kuwo wonke ama-cephalopods, afaka phakathi i-cuttlefish ne-octopus, i-squid iyona ethandwa kakhulu yizilwane zasolwandle.
3. Kuyinto squid ebangela iningi lokudla kwabamele abaningi bezwe elingaphansi kwamanzi.
4. Ama-squid ngokwawo adla ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane. Uma kungekho banjalo, bangashintshela kubamele abancane bezinhlobo zabo.
5. Uma i-squid ikhubeka engozini esendleleni yayo, izokhipha isikhumba sombala esifana kakhulu noyinki.
6. Amanye ama-squid anekhono elimangalisayo - angandiza.
7. Mahlengethwa, oshaka nemikhomo kuphela abangaphambi kwejubane lokuhamba kwe-squid.
8. Igazi le-mollusk liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, hhayi elilodwa, kepha izinhliziyo ezintathu zibhekene nokusakazwa kwalo.