I-Noma ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nobumpofu futhi ivela kuphela emiphakathini ekude, engafundile kanye nengondlekile. Izilonda zisakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi abantu abanalesi sifo bavame ukuxhumana sekwephuzile kakhulu lapho “benenhlanhla” yokukwazi ukuthola udokotela.

Ukuvimbela noma kudlula kuqala futhi kuqala silwe nobuphofu obedlulele futhi yi-Imininingwane yezifo. Ezindaweni lapho kugcwele khona i-noma, abantu bavame ukungazi ngalesi sihlava.

Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngodokotela bezingane eBurkina Faso ngo-2001 luveza ukuthi “imindeni engu-91,5% ethintekile ibingazi lutho ngalesi sifo”³. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziguli nemindeni yazo kaningi ziyephuza ukufuna usizo.

Nazi ezinye izindlela eziphakanyiswe yi-WHO ukuvikela lesi sifo² :

• Imikhankaso yolwazi kubantu
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo bendawo
• Ukwenza ngcono izimo zokuphila kanye nokutholakala kwamanzi okuphuza
• Ukuhlukaniswa kwezindawo zokuhlala zemfuyo kanye nabantu
• Ukuthuthukisa inhlanzeko yomlomo kanye nokuhlolwa okusabalele kwezilonda zomlomo
• Ukuthola ukudla okwanele kanye nokugqugquzelwa kokuncelisa phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokuphila njengoba kunikeza isivikelo kuma-noma, phakathi kwezinye izifo, okuhlanganisa ukuvimbela ukungondleki kanye nokudlulisela amasosha omzimba enganeni.
• Ukugonywa kwabantu, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nesimungumungwane.