Okuqukethwe
Ukukhulelwa kwamawele kubonakala ngenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yenkambo yayo. Abesifazane abathwele izingane ezimbili bangaphansi kweso eliseduze likadokotela phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokukhulelwa. Omama abakhulelwe banikezwa imithi ekhethekile eyenza ukukhulelwa kube lula futhi kunciphise ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesisu. Ngisho nasezigabeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, izici ezibonisa ukuthi ungathola kanjani ngokukhulelwa okunjalo.
Ukukhulelwa okuningi ukuthuthukiswa kwezingane ezi-2 noma ngaphezulu emgodini wesibeletho.
Mayelana nokukhulelwa okuningi
Imvamisa yokutholwa kokukhulelwa okuningi isukela ku-1.5-2.5%. Njengomthetho, ukukhulelwa kwezingane ezi-2 noma ngaphezulu kuyanda kuleyo mibhangqwana lapho oyedwa noma bobabili abazali bezalwa ngamawele / amawele amathathu. Lesi simo sokubeletha sivame ukudluliselwa ngomugqa wabesifazane. Muva nje, imvamisa yokukhulelwa okuningi iye yanda ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisizayo. Umnikelo othile wenziwa futhi ngokuvimbela inzalo kwama-hormone, ngemva kokuqedwa kwawo, ngokuvamile ama-oocyte angu-2 noma ngaphezulu aqala ukuvuthwa ku-ovary. Kamuva, bangakwazi ukuhlangana ne-2 spermatozoa, okuzoholela ekuthuthukisweni kwamawele e-dichorionic diamniotic.
Ukukhulelwa kaningi ukukhulelwa nokubeletha okuyingozi enkulu. Inqubo enjalo yokukhulelwa ihlotshaniswa nenani elikhulu lezinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokubeletha, kanye nesidingo esivamile sesigaba sokubeletha. Esikhathini se-puerperal, isibeletho esasihlakazeke kakhulu ngaphambili sivame ukuncipha kakhulu kunangemva kokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Ngenxa yalokho, imvamisa yezinkinga ezithathelwanayo kanye nokuvuvukala kwangemva kokubeletha kwanda. Ukuphumelela kwenkambo nokuqedwa ngesikhathi kwenqubo yokukhulelwa kuncike, ngakolunye uhlangothi, esimweni somzimba kamama kanye ne-chorionicity yamawele, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngobuchwepheshe bodokotela abaphethe ukukhulelwa kanye ukubeletha.
Ngokweziqondiso zomtholampilo, ngokukhulelwa okuningi, kuyadingeka ukunquma izinga le-chorionality kanye ne-amnionality. Ake sithole ukuthi kuyini.
- I-Chorion iyi-placenta yesikhathi esizayo. Inketho enhle kakhulu lapho i-fetus ngayinye ine-chorion yayo. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza umsoco emzimbeni okhulayo futhi sinesibopho sezinqubo ze-metabolic.
- I-amnion ulwelwesi lwe-fetus olwakha isikhwama se-amniotic. Ingaphakathi ligcwele i-amniotic fluid (amniotic fluid). Uma i-fetus ngayinye ine-amnion yayo kanye ne-placenta yayo, khona-ke ukukhulelwa okunjalo kunezingozi eziphansi zokubelethisa uma kuqhathaniswa namawele e-monochorionic monoamniotic.
Ngokukhulelwa okuningi, imvamisa ye-ultrasound ehleliwe iyi-oda lobukhulu obuphakeme kunokukhulelwa kwe-singleton. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekuxilongweni kokuqala kwezinkinga ezithile zokubeletha, okungenzeka kuphela nge-fetus engu-2 noma ngaphezulu esibelethweni. Inombolo yokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound incike ku-chorionicity ye-fetus.
Izici zokukhulelwa kwamawele
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhulelwa okunjalo: i-monozygotic neqanda eliphindwe kabili. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezici zalo, ezibalulekile ukucatshangelwa lapho uthwele izingane.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhulelwa okunjalo, ngayinye enezici zayo:
- Uhlobo lweqanda elilodwa. Ngemva kokukhulelwa, iqanda lesifazane lihlukaniswa izingxenye ezilinganayo. Ngenxa yalokho, izingane zizalwa zifana: zingabantu bobulili obufanayo, zifana kakhulu ngokubukeka, zinezinhlamvu ezifanayo, kanye nokuthambekela okufanayo kwezifo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuhlangana kwesethi yezakhi zofuzo emzimbeni wezingane.
- Uhlobo olunobuso obubili. Ukuze lolu hlobo lokukhulelwa lwenzeke, kuyadingeka ukuba owesifazane abe namaqanda amabili ngesikhathi esisodwa, azovundiswa yisidoda. Izingane ezinjalo azifani kakhulu komunye nomunye, zingase zibe nezici zomlingiswa ezihlukene kanye nesethi ehlukile yezakhi zofuzo.
Uhlobo lwesibili lokukhulelwa luvame kakhulu futhi lunezici ezihlukene. Ngokukhulelwa okunjalo, ubulili bezingane ngokuvamile buhlukile.
Ukubonakaliswa kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa namawele
Izimpawu zalokhu kukhulelwa yilezi:
- I-toxicosis ibonakala ekuqaleni, ngokuvamile ezinsukwini zokuqala zokulibaziseka;
- Usizi;
- Ukucasuka kubi kakhulu futhi kuza kusenesikhathi;
- Amathuba okuthola ukukhulelwa ngokuhlolwa ekuqaleni kokubambezeleka ayanda. I-strip yesibili ingase ivele kakade ezinsukwini zokuqala;
- Izinga lokukhula kwesisu lidlula evamile;
- Lapho unikela ngegazi nge-hCG, amanani aphezulu ayaphawulwa.
- Ukukhula kwesisindo nakho kuyashesha;
Kunzima ukuhlukanisa izici zesici sokukhulelwa okunjalo, ngoba zihambisana kakhulu nezici zokukhulelwa okuvamile, kodwa umehluko wabo omkhulu ukuqina kwazo okuqinile.
Ukukhulelwa okunjalo kucindezela kakhulu umzimba wesifazane kunokujwayelekile.
Ezinkingeni ezivamile ezivela enqubweni yayo, okulandelayo kuvame kakhulu:
- Izinkinga zamaphaphu nenhliziyo. Ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu kwesibeletho, umsebenzi walezi zitho uwohloka, ngakho-ke owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele abe ngaphansi kokuqondisa okuseduze kochwepheshe.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya. Ngenxa yezinkinga zamaphaphu nenhliziyo, kanye nokwanda kwesisindo, abesifazane babhekana nokuphefumula okukhulu, futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba benze noma yimuphi umsebenzi.
- Ukukhathala. Kuvela ngezizathu ezifanayo. Amantombazane akhulelwe amawele ngokuvamile awanawo amandla okwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi wasendlini noma eminye imisebenzi.
- Kungase futhi kube nezinkinga ngohlelo lwe-excretory lomzimba. Ngenxa yokwanda kobukhulu besibeletho, ukuqunjelwa kanye nesifiso esivamile sokuchama kungase kuvele.
Ngenxa yezinkinga ezinjalo, udokotela ongaphansi kokuqondisa kwakhe intombazane ekhulelwe kufanele aqaphele ngokukhethekile. Futhi, umama okhulelwe kufanele aqaphe isimo sakhe.
Nakuba kungase kube nzima ukukhulelwa izingane ezimbili, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, izingane zizozalwa ziphilile. Abesifazane abathwele izingane ezimbili bangase bazibelethele noma bahlinzwe ngokuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi inketho yesibili ayinakugwenywa ngenxa yesimo esingalungile sezingane esibelethweni noma ngenxa yezinye izizathu. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, owesifazane kufanele athathe amavithamini ukusiza ukuqinisa ukuzivikela kwezingane zakhe, kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kuzo.