ipulamu

Incazelo yeplamu

IPlum ngumuthi womndeni omncane wama-alimondi. Ikhula ize ifike kumamitha ayi-5 ukuphakama. IPlum inamaqabunga alula, i-lanceolate, ifreyimu ngamapiki, nezimbali ezibomvana noma ezimhlophe ezinamacembe amahlanu, aqoqwe kwizambulela ezinama-inflorescence amahlanu kuya kwayisithupha, noma eyodwa.

Kuyamangalisa ukuthi iplamu uqobo lwayo ayilinywanga esitshalweni sasendle. Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu edlule, eCaucasus, i-cherry plum yahlanganiswa ngendlela yemvelo ngameva, futhi abantu baqala ukwakha isiko elisha ngokushesha.

Ubukhosi bakhe iPlum yafika eYurophu nase-Asia kuphela ngemuva kwamakhulu amaningi eminyaka, yize yathatha izimpande lapho cishe ngaso leso sikhathi. Namuhla, ama-plums atshalwa e-Afrika, eMelika kanye nase-Australia.

I-Domestic plum (i-Prunus domestica) isihlahla esinqumayo, okuyisithelo sezithelo zamatshe ezithelo.

Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zezinhlobo zeplamu ngokwezinga lezithelo:

• Izinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha kakhulu - iplamu liqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni engu-2-3 ngemuva kokutshala.
• Izinhlobo ezikhula ekuqaleni - i-fruiting iqala eminyakeni engu-3-4 emva kokutshala.
• Izinhlobo ezinesilinganiso esimaphakathi - i-fruiting iqala eminyakeni emi-5-6.
• I-fruiting yamuva - isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo ngonyaka we-7 noma kamuva.

I-Plum iqala ukuqhakaza emzileni ophakathi nendawo ukusuka ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-3 ngoMeyi, izimbali zihlala isikhathi esiyisonto kuye ezinsukwini eziyi-12 futhi zivame ukuwela esikhathini sokupholisa kwentwasahlobo. Ngokwesilinganiso, isihlahla esisodwa sikhiqiza ama-plums ayi-15-20 kg.

IPlum ithela izithelo ngo-Agasti - Okthoba. Izithelo zeplamu ziyindilinga enamanzi eyindilinga, emise okweqanda, eyindilinga noma evundlile enendawo emaceleni yombala ophuzi, oluhlaza okotshani, onsomi, ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu.

Ukwakheka nokuqukethwe kwekhalori

Ama-plums aqukethe i-glucose, i-fructose ne-sucrose, amavithamini A, B1, B2, C, H ne-PP, kanye namaminerali abalulekile: i-potassium, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, ithusi ne-manganese, i-iron, i-chromium, i-boron ne-nickel, i-phosphorus ne-sodium .

• Okuqukethwe kwekhalori 49 kcal
• Amaprotheni 0.8 g
• Amafutha 0.3 g
• Amakhabhohayidrethi 9.6 g

Izinzuzo zama-plums

Owokuqala, yiqiniso, ukunambitheka okumnandi okunamanzi kwama-plums. Izinkulungwane zezitsha ezahlukahlukene, iziphuzo, nososo zilungiselelwe kuwo. Yini esingayisho ngama-prunes, wona ngokwawo ayi-dessert enhle kakhulu kanye nenqolobane yamavithamini.

IPlum isitshalo sezinyosi esihle kakhulu - izinyosi ziqoqa cishe ama-50 kg oju olunephunga elimnandi ku-1 ha nje wensimu yeplamu.

Amagama ambalwa ngezinto ezinenzuzo eziqukethwe iplamu. Iqukethe kuze kufike ku-18% ushukela (i-fructose, i-glucose ne-sucrose). I-Plum icebile ngamavithamini A, C, P no-B1, B2, kanye ne-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-iron, i-boron, i-manganese, i-zinc, i-nickel, ithusi ne-chromium. I-Plum iqukethe ama-amino acid nama-flavonoids.

Izimbewu ze-Plum zisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza uwoyela, okuthi ezakhiweni zawo ulingane namafutha e-alimondi, nasezithelweni zeplamu okuthiwa ama-coumarin, anempahla yokuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi nokukhuthaza i-vasodilation.

Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo, iplamu yandisa isifiso sokudla, inomphumela wokukhipha isisu kanye ne-laxative, futhi isiza ukuthuthukisa ukugaya. Iziphuzo ze-Plum (compotes kanye ne-jelly) zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sezinso, i-gout, i-rheumatism ne-atherosclerosis. Odokotela batusa ukusebenzisa ama-plums we-anemia nezifo zenhliziyo.

Kulimaza

Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-plums kungaholela ekugayeni ukudla. Njengoba izithelo ziqukethe ushukela, kufanele zidliwe ngokuqapha futhi, ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela, kubantu abaphethwe yisifo sikashukela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo namaqabunga eplamu kwezokwelapha

Izithelo ze-Plum zinomphumela we-laxative, ngakho-ke sekuyisikhathi eside zisetshenziswa emithini yokwelapha ekwelapheni ukuqunjelwa okude. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izakhiwo ze-laxative zeplamu azilahlekile lapho izithelo zomisiwe (zomisiwe).

Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ama-plums amasha, ukudla izingcezu eziningana emini. Ukwelashwa ebusika, kusetshenziswa "umlimi". Ikhambi lokuqunjelwa lilula ukulungiselela - vele usike izithelo, ususe imbewu bese uthela amanzi abilayo; ngekota yehora, ukumnika kulungele ukusetshenziswa. Ukwelashwa kokuqunjelwa okungapheli, okuthiwa, okuqhubekayo, kungcono ukupheka i-oat-plum jelly.

I-Plum iqhakaza

Amaqabunga e-Plum anezinto ze-bactericidal, ngakho-ke angasetshenziswa ukulungisa i-decoction esetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-stomatitis nezinye izifo zezinsini nomlomo. Umhluzi ulungiswa ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 10, okungukuthi, ama-20 g amaqabunga omile ayadingeka engilazini yamanzi. Letha uketshezi emathunjini bese ubilisa imizuzu eyi-10 - 15. Hlunga ama-decoction amaqabunga bese uwasebenzisa njengokugeza umlomo.

Nambitha izimfanelo zeplamu

Ama-plums anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokunambitheka ezisukela koshukela kuya ku-tart. Izinhlobo eziningi zinezithelo ezinoshukela ezinamanzi, ezinye zinomuncu, uju, izinongo, i-alimondi, ipentshisi namanye ama-flavour.

Ezithelweni ezivuthiwe, itshe lihlukanisa kahle noginindela. Izinhlobo zasendle zesitshalo zinambitheka kakhulu, ngakho-ke azisetshenziswa.

I-Cherry plum nayo ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Izithelo zayo, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, zimnandi noma zimuncu kancane.

Izicelo zokupheka

Ekuphekeni, izithelo zeplamu zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha eziningi. Ziyisithako ekulondolozeni, ujamu, ama-marinades, ama-compotes. Izithelo zifakiwe kushizi, ophaya, nakuma-dessert amaningi. Izithelo zivunwa ebusika, zifakwe emanzini anosawoti, zifakwe usawoti, zifriziwe futhi zomiswe. Isiphuzo esingavamile, esinikezwa ngeqhwa, ama-plums anosawoti omisiwe. I-compote eyenziwe nge-cherry plum inokunambitheka okuhle kakhulu.

Isitsha sendabuko saseJapan yi-umeboshi - ama-plums anosawoti. Zengezwa ezitsheni eziningi, kufaka phakathi irayisi "amabhola", izithelo zinikeza ukunambitheka okukhethekile okumuncu. E-Caucasus, isosi yase-Georgia tkemali kanye ne-tklapi puree yizitsha zikazwelonke. Isitsha sokuqala siphakwa ngezitsha zenyama; isithako esiyinhloko yi-tkemali plum. Amakhambi nogalikhi nawo afakwa esosweni.

I-Tklapi yizingcwecwe ezomiswe ngelanga ezitholakala ku-tkemali, ehlanjululwa ngaphambi komhluzi. Kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesobho se-kharcho, ukugcwaliswa kophayi nokuthosa. I-sauce efana ne-tkemali nayo iyalungiswa eBulgaria.

Iwayini letafula elihle kakhulu elinezimbali zokuqala litholakala eplamu. Kuhambisana kahle nezitsha zenyama futhi uyakwazi ukuncintisana nozakwabo bamagilebhisi.

Lapho ulungisa izitsha zeplamu, kunconywa ukuthi ulandele le mithetho elandelayo:

• Izithelo zifakwe emanzini anosawoti zihambisana kahle nezitsha zenyama nezinkukhu, zifakwa ku-pilaf. Zombili izithelo ezivuthiwe nezingavuthiwe zilungele ukulungiselela i-marinade.
• Ujamu wenziwe ngezithelo zokuvuthwa okufanayo. Iplamu kufanele lihlulwe ngaphambi kokuyifaka embizeni.
• Ukulungiselela i-compote kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-plums amakhulu ngamatshe amancane.
• Ukugcina izithelo zimile ngesikhathi sokupheka, zigwazwa kaningi nge-toothpick.
• Ukudla okune-piquant kutholakala ngokungeza izinongo kuzikhala zeplamu - i-nutmeg, i-vanilla, i-clove, isinamoni.
• Imigodi yezithelo ivame ukususwa, kepha futhi ingahle ibe khona ezitsheni.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amalungiselelo weplamu afakiwe awakwazi ukugcinwa isikhathi eside!