Abantu abasengozini

• Utshwala, ukudakwa okungapheli noma okunamandla kanye nokuthatha izidakamizwa kuvezwa kakhulu ukuhlukumezeka kwe-cranial (ukuwa, izingozi zomgwaqo, njll.).
• Uma wonke umuntu engathinteka ngelinye ilanga, izinsizwa ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-15 no-30 yizona ezivame ukuthinteka ikakhulukazi ezingozini zomgwaqo. Ngaphambi kweminyaka emi-5 nangemva kweminyaka engama-70, ukuhlukumezeka kwekhanda kwenzeka ngendlela yokuwa.
• Ukuze uthole ukuhlukumezeka okulinganayo, abesifazane babonakala bedalulwe kakhulu mayelana ne-sequelae kanye nesivinini sokululama.
• Ukuthatha i-anticoagulant (noma i-aspirin) kwenza ingozi eyengeziwe uma kwenzeka ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda (ukuwa kubantu asebekhulile ikakhulukazi).
• Ukuntuleka kokuvikela (isigqoko sokuzivikela) kubeka abantu engozini yokuhlukumezeka kwekhanda (abagibeli bamabhayisikili, abahamba ngezithuthuthu, imisebenzi yomphakathi, njll.)
• Izingane, lapho zithuthumela (shaken baby syndrome)
• Ukuba khona kokuthambekela kofuzo (ukuba khona kwe-protein factor engafanele) okungabambezela amandla okuthola kabusha.

Izimpawu 

Zincike ekuqineni kokuhlukumezeka kokuqala kanye nokulimala okudalwe. Ngaphandle kobuhlungu kanye nezilonda zendawo esikhumbeni (isilonda, i-hematoma, i-bruise, njll.), ukuhlukunyezwa kwekhanda kungahambisana nalokhu:

• In ukulahlekelwa ukwazi ngokubuyela ekwazini kancane kancane. Isikhathi sokulahlekelwa ukwazi kubalulekile ukwazi.
• Use ngokushesha coma, ngamanye amazwi ukungabi bikho kokubuyela ekwazini ngemva kokulahlekelwa ukwazi. Lesi simo sitholakala engxenyeni yokulimala okukhulu kwekhanda. Kubangelwa ukuphuka kwe-axonal, ischemia noma i-edema eyenzeka ebuchosheni. Ngaphezu kokuphikelela kwesikhathi se-coma kanye nedatha evela ekuhlolweni kwe-imaging, ubukhulu bokuhlukumezeka kwekhanda bulinganiselwa futhi ngokusetshenziswa okuthiwa i-Glasgow scale (ukuhlolwa kwe-Glasgow) okwenza kube lula ukuhlola ukujula ikhoma. .
• Use i-coma yesibili noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ngamanye amazwi ezenzeka kude nengozi. Zihambisana nokuqala kokulimala kobuchopho. Lokhu kunjalo nge-extradural hematomas, isibonelo, engenzeka kuze kufike emahoreni angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kokulimala kwekhanda ngoba akhiwa kancane kancane.
• De isicanucanu et ukuhlanza, okufanele kukhuthaze ukuqapha lapho ubuyela ekhaya kumuntu ophaphayo ngemva kokushaqeka ogebhezini. Badinga ukuqapha amahora ambalwa.
• Izifo ezihlukahlukene zezinzwa: ukukhubazeka, i-aphasia, i-ocular mydriasis (ukuvuleka ngokweqile komfundi oyedwa ngokuhlobene nomunye)