Ngokuvumelana nomsebenzi walo, Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony lenza yonke imizamo yokuhlinzeka ngokuqukethwe kwezokwelapha okuthembekile okusekelwa ulwazi lwakamuva lwesayensi. Ifulegi elengeziwe elithi "Okuqukethwe Okuhloliwe" libonisa ukuthi i-athikili ibuyekezwe noma yabhalwa udokotela ngokuqondile. Lokhu kuqinisekisa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili: intatheli yezokwelapha kanye nodokotela basivumela ukuthi sinikeze okuqukethwe kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuhambisana nolwazi lwamanje lwezokwelapha.
Ukuzibophezela kwethu kule ndawo kuye kwathakaselwa, phakathi kokunye, yiNhlangano Yezintatheli Zezempilo, eyaklomelisa Ibhodi Lokuhlela le-MedTvoiLokony ngesihloko sokuhlonipha esithi Umfundisi Omkhulu.
I-stoma iphuma ngodonga lwesisu. Ukuhlinzwa kuhlanganisa ukudala ukuxhumana okwenziwayo kwe-lumen yamathumbu amakhulu noma i-lumen ye-ileum nomhlaba wangaphandle. Lo mzila ube usulandelwa wukuphuma kwamathumbu emathunjini. Ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izikhwama ze-stoma unomphela.
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-stoma, ukudla okunomsoco kuncike empilweni yesiguli kanye nezinga lokuhlinzwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ukugaya kwamafutha kungase kuphazamiseke esikhathini sokuqala. Kuhlobene nomkhawulo wezikhathi ezithile wokusetshenziswa kwazo. Nokho, ngemva kwesikhashana amanye amathumbu athatha izintambo ukuze agaye ukudla. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, imikhiqizo elandelayo nezitsha kufanele zethulwe, eyodwa ngesikhathi futhi ngamanani amancane. Ukubhekwa kokungabekezelelani kwabo ngabanye kufanele futhi kwenziwe (njengoba kufakazelwa isicanucanu, flatulence, ukuqunjelwa).
Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokululama, i-stoma ayiyona inkomba yokudla okukhethekile noma imikhawulo eqinile yokudla. Iziguli kufanele zithole ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo ephilile futhi engabekezeleleki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nokho, kufanelekile ukulandela imithetho yokudla okunomsoco. Ukudla okwanele kuthinta ukunyakaza kwamathumbu okuvamile, ukungaguquguquki kwawo futhi ngaleyo ndlela - inhlalakahle yesiguli. Ngokudla okufanele, ungagwema futhi izifo zesisu, njengokuqunjelwa, isifo sohudo, i-flatulence.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukudla ukudla njalo, ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungabi ngaphansi kuka-3 ngosuku. Ukudla akufanele kube kuningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza uketshezi olwanele phakathi nosuku. Amanzi anomphumela onenzuzo ekulawuleni amathumbu kanye nokwakheka kwe-fecal matter. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uphuze cishe amalitha ama-2 oketshezi nsuku zonke. Kuyafaneleka ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo enamafutha kanye nezitsha (inyama enamafutha, ukusikeka okubandayo, ushizi onamafutha, isinqumelo) namaswidi (ushokoledi, i-confectionery). Izitsha kufanele zilungiswe ngokupheka nokubhaka ku-foil. Ukudla okuthosiwe kufanele kugwenywe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ugweme imikhiqizo eyandisa ngokweqile i-peristalsis yamathumbu kanye nokwakhiwa kwegesi, ikakhulukazi iklabishi, uphizi, i-asparagus, ubhontshisi, ubhontshisi obanzi. U-anyanisi. Akufanelekile ukuphuza utshwala nokusebenzisa izinongo ezishisayo.
Ezigulini ezine-stoma, izifo ezihlukahlukene zesisu zingase zenzeke: isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, igesi ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungadala lezi zinkinga futhi okungase kuzidambise.
Imikhiqizo engabangela isamba esiningi samagesi, yilezi: imbewu ye-legume (ubhontshisi, uphizi, ubhontshisi obanzi), u-anyanisi, iklabishi, ukholifulawa, ukhukhamba, ubisi, amantongomane, ama-radishes, iziphuzo ze-carbonated, utshwala. Ngemikhiqizo enesibopho iphunga elingemnandi lamagesi zihlanganisa: ubhontshisi, i-asparagus, iklabishi, u-anyanisi, amaqanda, inhlanzi, i-garlic, ushizi obukhali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imikhiqizo enganciphisa iphunga elimnandi yilezi: ijusi le-cranberry kanye ne-cranberry, i-parsley, ijusi yetamatisi, iyogathi.
Eminye imikhiqizo nezitsha zingathinta ushintsho kumbala wezihlalo zakho. Lezi yizi: ubhithirothi, ubhitrudi, odayi abengezwa ekudleni, ama-strawberries, amasoso katamatisi, kanye neminye imithi, isib.
Uma kwenzeka kuba ukuqunjelwa kufanelekile ukufaka imifino nezithelo ezibilisiwe, izithelo ezintsha nemifino ngaphandle kwekhasi kanye nembewu, amajusi wezithelo ekudleni. Ungakhohlwa mayelana nenani elifanele loketshezi, okubuye kuvimbele ukuqunjelwa. I-peristalsis yamathumbu ikhuthazwa, isibonelo, amanzi anoju noma ikhofi. Iklabishi elibilisiwe, utshwala, ama-prunes, izithelo ezingavuthiwe, ubisi, izinongo ezibabayo, i-bran inomphumela oqinile wokuthulula. Lezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo ngokuvamile zigwenywa esimweni se-stoma. Abanye babo bangase bavimbe ngisho ne-stoma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ikhasi le-apula, iklabishi eluhlaza, imifino yaseShayina, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, ummbila, izithelo ezomisiwe (isb. amaplamu), amakhowe, namantongomane.
Uma kwenzeka ukubonakala kwe isifo sohudo (kufanele uhlale uxhumane nodokotela wakho kulokhu) khumbula ukugcwalisa uketshezi. Isifo sohudo silahlekelwa amanzi amaningi kanye nama-electrolyte, okungaholela ekuphelelweni kwamanzi emzimbeni. Esigabeni sokuqala sohudo, i-rice gruel, ubhanana equkethe i-potassium eningi, elandelwa izaqathe nama-rusks anomphumela opholile futhi wokumisa.
Akukona konke ukudla okunempilo futhi okuphephile emizimbeni yethu. Kunconywa ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukudla, ngisho noma ungenakho ukukhathazeka ngezempilo. Lapho ukhetha ukudla, ungalokothi ulandele imfashini yamanje. Khumbula ukuthi ezinye izidlo, kuhl. ukuncipha kwezakhamzimba ezithile noma ama-calories akhawula kakhulu, kanye ne-mono-diet ingalimaza umzimba, ithwale ingozi yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla, futhi ingase ikhulise isifiso sokudla, kube nesandla ekubuyeleni ngokushesha esisindweni sangaphambili.
Ukwazi imithetho engenhla, isiguli kufanele sibheke ngokucophelela umzimba waso futhi sihlole ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo ethonye ukuvela kwezifo ezithile. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kuyahlukahluka ngangokunokwenzeka futhi kunikeza zonke izakhi ezidingekayo.
Umbhalo: UDkt. Katarzyna Wolnicka – isazi sokudla
I-Food and Nutrition Institute eWarsaw