Okuqukethwe
Ngakho-ke kwadlula u-Okthoba, okwakusethusa ngesimo sezulu esibi, okwakusenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile kusinikeze izinsuku ezinhle, ezinelanga. Emakhaleni inyanga yokugcina yasekwindla - Novemba.
Naye, njengalowo owayemandulele, wasidida lapho sibala izinyanga zonyaka wekhalenda. Ngokwekhalenda likaGregory, lingeleshumi nanye, kepha ngokwekhalenda elidala laseRoma - elelesishiyagalolunye, elaba yisisekelo segama lalo (kusuka esiLatin November, okungukuthi, lesishiyagalolunye). Kepha okhokho bethu bakubiza ngokuhlukile: Leafy, Leafy, Leafy, Ice, Isifuba, Freeze-up, Ukubhaka kwasebusika, Ingxenye yasebusika, iSvadnik, Inyanga yamakhekhe agcwele, isango lasebusika.
UNovemba ngeke esasitotosa ngemfudumalo - ngemuva kwakho konke, kuvame ukushanela neqhwa, kusongele isithwathwa sikaMikhailovsky noKazan, izinkungu kanye nokuncibilika okungajwayelekile. Le nyanga icebile emasontweni nasemaholidini omhlaba, futhi ibuye ibe yisikhumbuzo se-Fast Nativity.
UNovemba yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokucabanga ngokudla okunempilo, kepha nokushintshela kuso. Okokuqala, ziphendule ngobuqotho le mibuzo: “kuyini ukudla okunempilo komuntu ngamunye?”, “Ungazenzela kanjani idayari yakho yokudla?”, “Ungayakha kanjani irejista yokuphuza?”, “Ingabe irejimeni lansuku zonke liyithinta kanjani ukudla? ”,“ Yimuphi umgomo wokukhetha ukudla? "," Kuyini ukulamba, ukuluthwa ukudla kanye nokudla okulula? ”
Ngakho, imikhiqizo yendabuko kaNovemba:
Brussels amahlumela
Imifino eneminyaka emibili yomndeni wakwaCruciferous, onesiqu eside esiwugqinsi (kufika ku-60 cm noma ngaphezulu) kanye namaqabunga ama-oblong, okuthi uma esevuthiwe akhe iziphunzi ezincane. Kokunye kwesihlahla salo, izingcezu ezingama-50-100 zale "mini-copy" enjalo yeklabishi elimhlophe zingakhula.
Abalimi bemifino baseBelgium batshale le mifino kusuka ezinhlotsheni zakudala. Ngakho-ke, lapho echaza lesi sitshalo, uKarl Linnaeus wasinika igama lokubahlonipha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iklabishi "yaseBelgium" isabalale kakhulu eHolland, eJalimane naseFrance, kwathi kamuva - emazweni aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, eCanada naseMelika. Inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori - i-43 kcal nge-100 g futhi iqukethe izinto eziwusizo njenge-folic acid, amaprotheni agayeka kalula futhi asezingeni eliphakeme, i-fiber, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-iron, i-magnesium, amavithamini eqembu le-B, i-provitamin A, i-vitamin C
Ukusetshenziswa kwamahlumela eBrussels kuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, kunciphisa izinga lama-carcinogens emzimbeni, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-endocrine, nervous and immune system, kuqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, futhi kukhuthaze ukwakheka kwamaseli abomvu egazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mifino inciphisa ubungozi bokuthola amangqamuzana omdlavuza we-rectum, webele kanye nomlomo wesibeletho. Kunconywa ne-anemia, ukuqunjelwa, isifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, imikhuhlane, ukuqwasha, isifuba somoya, i-bronchitis, isifo sofuba, ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwe-pancreatic. Ukusetshenziswa kwamahlumela eBrussels ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kunomthelela ekukhuleni okulungile kohlelo lwezinzwa zombungu, kunciphisa ubungozi bokukhubazeka kokuzalwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa.
Amahlumela aseBrussels asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphekeni ngenxa yokunambitheka kwawo okunomsoco, kwamantongomane. Isibonelo, ingaphekwa ngebhekoni, amaqanda, amakhowe, imvuthu yesinkwa, imbewu yesesame, isoso sejinja, amabele enkukhu, "isitayela sase-Italiya", "isitayela saseBrussels". Isobho lobisi, ama-medallion, umhluzi, i-omelet, isaladi, i-casserole, i-kulebyaku, ophaya kungabhekwa njengezitsha ezihlwabusayo kakhulu ezivela kulo imifino.
isithombo
Kubhekiswa ezitshalweni zeminyaka yonke / zeminyaka emibili zomuthi weRadish womndeni weKlabishi. Le mifino ihlukaniswa nemifino eyisiyingi eyindilinga, eyindilinga noma eyisiyingi yomnyama, omhlophe, ompunga, oluhlaza okotshani, opinki noma onsomi.
IGibhithe lasendulo libhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa yesithombo, lapho imbewu yayo yasetshenziselwa ukwenza uwoyela wemifino. Kusuka ezweni laseGibhithe, isithombo “sathuthela” eGrisi yasendulo (lapho sasilinani elifanele isisindo saso segolide) nasemazweni aseYurophu. Kodwa isithombo silethwe emazweni ezwe lakithi sisuka e-Asia, lapha ngokushesha asizange sithandwe kuphela, kodwa futhi saba "ngumsindisi" wangempela wamaSlav ngezikhathi zendlala.
Imifino yezimpande yesithombo iqukethe amaminerali, amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, ama-organic acid, amafutha abalulekile, i-vitamin C, i-B2, i-B1, i-glucosides, ushukela, izinto eziqukethe isulfure, i-fiber, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-magnesium, i-calcium, i-iron, i-phosphorus, i-amino acid.
Isithombo sinezinto ze-phytoncidal, antimicrobial, bactericidal kanye ne-anti-sclerotic, sandisa izinga likasawoti wamaminerali namavithamini emzimbeni. Emithini yomdabu, kuzindlela zokupheka ezahlukahlukene, i-radish inconywa ukuthi isetshenziselwe ukuvuselela isifiso sokudla, ukwelapha i-urolithiasis ne-radiculitis, ukukhipha inyongo, ususe uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni, ukhiqize i-bile, futhi uvuselele isisu samathumbu. Futhi kufakiwe ekudleni kokudla okunomsoco kwezokwelapha kwe-hemoptysis, i-atony yamathumbu, isifo sezinso nesibindi, i-cholecystitis, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqinisa izinwele.
Kusetshenziswa izimpande namaqabunga amancane esithombo ekuphekeni. Zingasetshenziselwa ukwenza amasobho amnandi, amasaladi, i-borscht, i-okroshka, ukudla okulula, zonke izinhlobo zezitsha zemifino nezenyama.
IParsnip
Lona imifino yomndeni wakwaCelery, ohlukaniswa yimpande ejiyile, enuka kamnandi futhi enoshukela, isiqu esinezintambo ezicijile namaqabunga ezinsiba. Izithelo ze-Parsnip zinomumo oyindilinga oyindilinga noma ocijile, umbala ophuzi ngokunsundu.
Ekuqaleni, ama-parsnips (aracachu noma izaqathe zasePeruvia) ayekhuliswa amaNdiya angamaQuechua ngezimpande zawo ezidliwayo zamaprotheni. Iqukethe uvithamini C, i-carotene, amafutha abalulekile, ama-carbohydrate, uvithamini B2, i-B1, i-PP, amafutha abalulekile, usawoti wamaminerali, ama-carbohydrate agayekayo, i-potassium. Izinto eziwusizo zitholakala kokubili emaqabunga (amafutha abalulekile) nasempandeni ye-parsnip (i-fructose ne-sucrose).
Ukusetshenziswa kweparsnips kusiza ukukhulisa i-libido, ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukuthuthukisa ukugaya nokujikeleza kwegazi, kube nomthelela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa, futhi kunciphise i-renal ne-hepatic colic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-parsnips anezakhiwo ze-analgesic, sedative, expectorant ne-diuretic. Kunconywa izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, i-vitiligo, i-alopecia areata, i-angina attack, i-cardioses neuroses kanye ne-coronary insufficiency, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ama-muscle cramps nama-neuroses.
Ekuphekeni, izimpande ze-parsnip ziyomiswa futhi zengezwe kumxube we-powder wezinongo. Futhi kusetshenziswa nemifino ye-parsnip ebuthakathaka ekulungiseleleni izitsha zemifino, ukulungiswa kwezingxube zesobho nokudla okusemathinini.
Okra
okra, ladies eminwe, gombo
Kungenxa yezitshalo zemifino ezibalulekile zezitshalo ezinamakhemikhali zaminyaka yonke zomndeni waseMalvaceae. Ihluka ngesiqu esinamagatsha amakhulu, yehlisa amaqabunga omthunzi okhanyayo wezimbali eziluhlaza, ezinkulu zokhilimu. Izithelo ze-Okra zingamabhokisi aluhlaza okwemibala emaceleni amane noma ayisishiyagalombili anembewu.
Izwe elaba yindawo yokuzalwa ye-okra alaziwa ngokuthembekile, kepha imvamisa lesi sithelo sitholakala emazweni ase-Afrika, eNyakatho Melika naseNdiya. Abalimi bemifino banamuhla bafunde ukuyitshala ezindaweni ezibandayo (ngokwesibonelo, izwe lethu, iRussia, amazwe aseYurophu).
I-Okra ingeyemikhiqizo yokudla enokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephansi - kuphela i-kcal engama-31 nge-100 g futhi iqukethe izinto eziwusizo ezifana ne-iron, amaprotheni, i-fiber yokudla, amavithamini C, K, B6, A, i-calcium, i-potassium, i-folic acid. Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe abesifazane abakhulelwe, abanesifo sikashukela, iziguli ezinokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu, abantu abakhuluphele ngokweqile. I-Okra ikhuthaza ukutholakala kwe-angina, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala okungapheli, isifuba somoya, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, izilonda, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa, ukungabi namandla.
Ngaphezu kwesithelo, amaqabunga amancane e-okra ayasetshenziswa futhi ekuphekeni izitsha eziyisitshulu nezibilisiwe, amasaladi, ukulondolozwa futhi njengesitsha eseceleni. Imbewu yayo eyosiwe ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni sekhofi.
Isipinashi
Kushiwo izitshalo zemifino yonyaka yemifino yomndeni wakwa-Amaranth. Iyehluka ngokukhanya okukhanyayo noma okuluhlaza okotshani, okakhilimu noma okushelelayo okufana nesandla somuntu esime. Futhi inezimbali ezincane eziluhlaza nezithelo ngesimo samantongomane okusaqanda.
Isipinashi se-BC sasikhule ePersia Yasendulo, kepha ama-knights angamaKristu awuletha eYurophu lapho ebuya eMpini Yenkolo. Kuze kube manje, emazweni ase-Arabhu, kubhekwa njengokubalulekile ekuphekeni izitsha eziningi.
Isipinashi esine-calorie ephansi - 22 kcal nge-100 g yamaqabunga amasha, aqukethe uvithamini C, B6, A, B2, B1, PP, E, P, K, D2, amaprotheni, iodine, insimbi ecekeleka kalula futhi eboshwe ngokomzimba, amaminerali, potassium, fibre…
Amaqabunga esipinashi anomphumela we-laxative, tonic, anti-inflammatory kanye ne-diuretic. Ukudla isipinashi kusiza ukuvimbela umdlavuza, ukunciphisa umzimba, ukujwayela ukusebenza kwamathumbu, nokuvimbela ukukhula kwezifo zemizwa. Kunconywa i-anemia, ukukhathala, i-anemia, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, i-gastritis, isifo sikashukela, i-enterocolitis.
Isipinashi singasetshenziselwa ukwenza amasaladi, ama-calzone, uphayi omuncu, i-canneloni, ama-quiches, i-pasta, i-casseroles, ama-rolls, ama-cutlets, isobho leklabishi, i-sabzu-kaurma, ama-soufflés, amasobho aminyiwe, i-phali, i-pasta nezinye izitsha ezejwayelekile nezingajwayelekile.
ikiwi
ugqumugqume Chinese
Isohlwini lwe-subspecies yemivini e-herbaceous yomndeni wase-Actinidia Chinese futhi ihlukaniswa ngezithelo ezinesikhumba "esinoboya" nenyama eluhlaza.
Indawo yokuzalwa yalesi sitshalo ithathwa njengeChina lapho ukhokho wayo, u-liana mikhutao, akhula khona. Futhi yize manje kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 ze-kiwi emhlabeni, zimbalwa zazo ezidliwayo. Abahlinzeki abakhulu be-kiwi esikalini sezimboni yiNew Zealand ne-Italy.
Izithelo zeKiwi zingumkhiqizo onama-khalori aphansi njengoba uqukethe ama-48 kcal ngamagremu ayikhulu. Phakathi kwezakhi zayo eziwusizo kufanele kugqanyiswe i-fiber, i-glucose, i-amino acid, i-fructose, i-magnesium, i-vitamin E, C, B1, A, PP, B2, B6, B3, potassium, beta-carotene, phosphorus, calcium, iron, pectins, flavonoids , i-folic acid acid, ama-enzyme, i-malic, i-citric, i-quinic nezinye izithelo zezithelo, i-actinidine.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-kiwi kusiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba, ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen, ukujwayeleka kwengcindezi yegazi, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-nitrosamines kanye namahlule egazi emithanjeni yegazi. Kunconywa ukwesaba okukhulu, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, izifo ze-rheumatic, amatshe ezinso, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komzimba, isifo senhliziyo. Futhi izithelo zalesi sitshalo zikhuthaza umsebenzi wesisu, i-gallbladder, amathumbu amancane namakhulu, isinye somchamo, uhlelo lokuzala, imisipha yezitho zangasese. I-Kiwi inezakhiwo ze-antioxidant kanye ne-antimutagenic futhi ishisa amafutha.
Ekuphekeni, i-kiwi isetshenziselwa ukwenza amakhekhe, ophaya, amarowu, amasaladi, ujamu, i-pizza, isiraphu, amaqebelengwane, ama-croutons, i-mousse, i-marmalade, i-flan, i-fondue, ama-sauces, ukhilimu, i-confiture, i-ayisikhilimu, i-yogurt, i-punch, lapho kubhakwa inyama , kebabs njll.
I-Cranberries
Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza somndeni we-Lingonberry, esihlukaniswa ngamahlumela amancane kanye namajikijolo abomvu we-globular anambitheka omuncu.
Ama-Cranberries asakazekile emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba lapho kunenhlabathi eningi eyixhaphozi, i-sedge-sphagnum, i-tundra noma i-moss bogs. Nalu uhlu oluncane lwamazwe anjalo: iRussia (kufaka phakathi iMpumalanga Ekude), izwe lethu, amanye amazwe aseYurophu, iCanada kanye ne-United States.
Ama-Cranberries angumkhiqizo wekhalori eliphansi, njengoba kune-100 kcal kuphela ngama-gramu angama-26 amajikijolo. Amajikijolo ayo aqukethe uvithamini C, i-citric, i-quinic ne-benzoic acid, amavithamini wamaqembu K, B ne-PP, ushukela, uwoyela obalulekile, i-carotene, i-pectin nama-tannins, usawoti we-calcium, i-potassium, i-phosphorus, iodine, i-iron, i-magnesium, ithusi, i-boron, i-cobalt, i-manganese, njll.
Ukudla ama-cranberries kuvimbela i-cholesterol "embi", kwandisa ukuqina namandla emithambo yegazi, kukhuthaza ukumuncwa kukavithamini C, kuthuthukisa inkumbulo, futhi kuthobise izinzwa. Ngenxa yezindawo zabo zokwelapha, ama-cranberries anconyelwa izifo ezinjenge: tonsillitis, imfuluwenza, imikhuhlane; isifo samathambo; i-avitaminosis; ukucindezeleka njalo, ukukhathala okungapheli nokuphathwa yikhanda; ukuqwasha; isifo sofuba; i-atherosclerosis nezifo zesistimu yenhliziyo; amanxeba ubovu, izilonda nokusha esikhunjeni; i-caries nesifo se-periodontal; ukutheleleka kwe-genitourinary.
Imvamisa ama-cranberries adliwa amasha noma afriziwe, futhi angomiswa futhi afakwe emanzini, asetshenziselwa ukwenza amajusi, iziphuzo zezithelo, ama-jeli, i-jelly, ama-cocktails kanye ne-kvass, afakwa ophaya, amasaladi nezinye izitsha.
I-Apple Antonovka
Iqukethe izinhlobo zasebusika zakuqala futhi ihlukaniswa ngesihlahla esinamandla, esikhulu esinomqhele oyindilinga. Izithelo ze-Antonovka ziphakathi nendawo, ziyindilinga eziyindilinga noma ziyindilinga eyindilinga enobuso obuluhlaza obunezici noma obunemibhoshongo, obunephunga lesici nokunambitheka okumuncu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uhlu lozalo lwe- "Antonovka" alukwazanga ukusungulwa ngendlela efanayo njengoba lwenziwa ngokukhethwa kwesintu. Emazweni aseMpumalanga Yurophu, le nhlobonhlobo yama-apula yasabalala engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-XNUMX futhi njengamanje imelwe kabanzi ngama-subspecies eBelarus, enkabeni yeRussia kanye nasendaweni yaseVolga, ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zezwe lethu. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zayo ezithandwayo kukhona: "mhlophe", "mpunga", "anyanisi", "ubumnandi", "uyisicaba", "ubambo", "umthende" no "ngilazi" u-Antonovka.
I-Antonovka, njengawo wonke ama-apula, isithelo esinekhalori eliphansi - ama-47 kcal ngamagremu ayikhulu. Izithelo zalolu hlobo ziqukethe i-fiber, i-organic acid, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-calcium, amavithamini B3, A, B1, PP, C, magnesium, iron, phosphorus, iodine kanye no-80% wamanzi. Phakathi kwezinto zayo eziwusizo, ikhono lokujwayela ukugaya ukudla, ukunciphisa amazinga e-cholesterol, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwe-atherosclerosis, ukusekela amasosha omzimba, ukukhiqiza umphumela wokuhlanza nokubulala amagciwane emzimbeni, ukuqinisa uhlelo lwezinzwa, nokukhuthaza ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kunconywa ukuthi udle ama-apula ngenkathi ukwelashwa kwe-hypovitaminosis, isifo sikashukela, ukuvimbela ukukhula komdlavuza, ngama-neuroses.
Esikhathini esiningi, ama-apula ayadliwa engavuthiwe, kepha angafakwe emanzini anosawoti, afakwe usawoti, abhakwe, omiswe, afakwe kumasaladi, kophudingi, amasoso, izifundo eziyinhloko, iziphuzo nokunye okwenziwa ngobuciko.
I-sea buckthorn
Ungowomndeni wakwa-Lokhovye futhi ungakhula njengesihlahlana noma isihlahla esincane esinamagatsha "ane-spiked" namaqabunga aluhlaza amancane. Isabalele eMoldova, eRussia, ezweni lakithi naseCaucasus.
Izithelo ze-sea buckthorn zincane ngosayizi, zimise okweqanda ngombala obomvu osawolintshi noma ophuzi ngokusawolintshi, ngokwezwi nezwi "zinamathela" emagatsheni esitshalo. Amajikijolo anokunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi nokumuncu, iphunga elikhethekile nelingafani nophayinaphu. Ziqukethe amavithamini B1, C, B2, K, E, P, flavonoids, folic acid, carotenoids, betaine, choline, coumarin, organic acid (malic, citric, tartaric kanye ne-caffeic acid), ama-tannins, i-magnesium, i-sodium, i-silicon, i-iron , i-aluminium, i-nickel, i-lead, i-strontium, i-molybdenum, ne-manganese.
Ngenxa yalesi "cocktail" sezinto eziwusizo, i-sea buckthorn inconywa ukuqinisa imithambo yegazi, ukwenza ngcono imetabolism, ukunciphisa ubungozi bamahlule egazi, imiphumela ye-antioxidant emzimbeni, ukwelapha izilonda, ukusha kanye namanxeba esikhumba. Amajikijolo afakiwe ekondlekeni kwezokwelapha kwezifo zegazi nenhliziyo nenhliziyo, isifo se-peptic ulcer, i-gastritis, ukushoda kwamavithamini, isifo samathambo, ukulimala kwemisebe kulwelwesi lwamafu nolwesikhumba.
Ekuphekeni, ujamu, ama-compotes, i-jelly, i-marshmallow, i-jelly, ibhotela, ijusi, i-ayisikhilimu zivame ukulungiswa ngamajikijolo olwandle lwe-buckthorn.
Izimpunga zikakolweni
Lokhu kukolweni okusetshenzwe kancane noma ngokuphelele, okuthi, ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, kukhululwe kwizithelo nezingubo zembewu, imibungu bese kupholishiwe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngisho nangezikhathi zeBhayibheli, leli phalishi lalingenye yezitsha eziyinhloko ezazisetafuleni phakathi kwabantu baseGalile. ERussia, inhlamvu kakolweni ibilokhu ifanekisela ubuningi nokuchuma, ngakho-ke iphalishi likakolweni lamaSlav libe ngumkhiqizo wokudla oyisibopho.
Ekhiqizweni kwalokhu okusanhlamvu, ukolweni we-durum onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-gluten (ngokwesibonelo, okuhlukahlukene kwe-Durum) kuyasetshenziswa. Ukwakheka kwayo kufaka izinto ezinosizo njenge: isitashi, ama-carbohydrate, ama-amino acid abalulekile, amaprotheni, i-fiber, amafutha emifino, ukulandelela izakhi (i-potassium, i-phosphorus, i-calcium, i-magnesium), i-vitamin PP, i-B1, i-C, i-B2, i-E, i-B6.
Izikoroyi zikakolweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme zihlukaniswa ngamaphesenti aphezulu ezinhlamvu zezinhlamvu ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukungaguquguquki okufanayo, okuqukethwe kwekhalori eliphakeme (325 kcal ngamagremu ayi-100 womkhiqizo) nokugayeka kalula.
Lolu hlobo lokusanhlamvu lunokuqinisa okujwayelekile, izakhiwo zokuvikela umzimba, luyingxenye yemikhiqizo "umthombo wamandla wemvelo", lulawula i-fat metabolism futhi luthuthukise umgudu wokugaya ukudla, lwehlise i-cholesterol, lwehlise ukuguga komzimba, luthuthukise isimo sezinwele. , izinzipho, isikhumba. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuthuthukisa umsebenzi wesimiso senhliziyo kanye nobuchopho, kususa izinsimbi ezisindayo, usawoti, izinsalela zama-antibiotic kanye nezinto ezinobuthi emzimbeni.
Ufulawa kakolweni usetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha zokudla kwengane nokudla (isibonelo, amasobho, ama-meatballs, ama-puddings nama-casseroles).
I-Cloudberry
Kungokwesitshalo sezitshalo ezihlala njalo ze-Rubus yomndeni wakwa-Pink, ihlukaniswa ne-rhizome ezinwabuzelayo ezinamagatsha, isiqu esime kahle, izimbali ezimhlophe namaqabunga aminyene, amise okwenhliziyo. Izithelo ze-Cloudberry ziyi-drupe eyinhlanganisela, ibomvu ngokubomvu lapho yakhiwa, futhi iphuzi ngombala ophuzi, ngemuva kokuvuthwa, umbala, onewayini, ukunambitheka okumuncu.
I-Cloudberry isakazeke kakhulu eSiberia, eSakhalin naseKamchatka; ithanda izindawo ze-polar-arctic, tundra, ihlathi-tundra nezindawo zehlathi.
Izithelo ze-Cloudberry zicebile nge-magnesium, i-calcium, i-potassium, i-iron, i-aluminium, i-phosphorus, i-cobalt, i-silicon, amavithamini B3, i-PP, i-B1, i-C, i-A, amaprotheni, ushukela, izinto ze-pectin, i-fiber, i-organic acids (okuyi: ascorbic, citric, imalic, salicylic acid), anthocyanins, carotenoids, tannins, phytoncides, leukocyanins, leukoanthocyanins, tocopherols.
Imbewu ye-Cloudberry iqukethe izithako zemvelo ezinjengalezi: ama-antioxidants, ama-omega fatty acids, i-linoleic ne-alpha-linoleic acid, ama-sterols ezitshalo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-strawberry kusiza ukuhambisa i-hydrogen, ukugcina isimo se-colloidal sezinto ezinamaseli ahlukahlukene, ukwenza kube lula ukungena kwe-capillary, ukuvuselela inani lamaseli, ukusheshisa ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli alimele, kanye nezicubu zomzimba. Kunconywa ukuvimbela izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ukudla, ama-cloudberry adliwa amasha, afakwe emanzini anosawoti noma afakwe emanzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza i-jelly, i-compote, i-jam, i-liqueur, iwayini nejusi kuzo.
amanothi
i-antarctic toothfish
Le yinhlanzi yasolwandle, engeye-Perchiformes ye-oda futhi ihlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwemigqa emibili eseceleni emzimbeni wayo omude, izikali ze-cycloid, nomlomo omncane oyisicaba. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30 ze-notothenia emhlabeni, ezihlala kakhulu emanzini ase-Antarctic nase-subantarctic. Okudume kakhulu kulezi yi-marot mar notothenia, ebukeka kakhulu njenge-cod enamachashaza asemzimbeni, okubangela ukudideka ekuhlukanisweni kwezinhlanzi ngokwesayensi.
Inyama yeNotothenia ingumkhiqizo onokuqukethwe okuphakathi kwekhalori (i-100 kcal ngamagremu ayi-148), ehlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwezinto eziwusizo njengalezi: amaprotheni agayeka kalula, uwoyela wezinhlanzi, amavithamini i-PP, D, A, C, icobalamin, i-folic acid , i-pyridoxine, i-riboflavin, i-thiamine, i-nickel, i-cobalt, i-molybdenum, i-fluorine, i-chromium, i-manganese, ithusi, i-iodine, i-zinc, i-iron, isulfure, i-chlorine, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-magnesium, i-calcium.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-notothenia kunomthelela ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lwamathambo ezingane, abantu asebekhulile nabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukwenza izinqubo zokujwayelekile kube semthethweni, ukuvimbela isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi kanye nezifo zesistimu yenhliziyo, ukujwayelekile kohlelo lwezinzwa, kanye nokwenza ngcono umcabango izinqubo.
Ekuphekeni, ngenxa yezimpawu zayo zokunambitheka okuphezulu kwenyama enamafutha namanzi, i-notothenia isetshenziselwa ukulungisa izitsha ezahlukahlukene - iyabiliswa, iyathosiwa, iyisitshulu, iyabhema.
Beluga
Izinhlanzi zamanzi ahlanzekile, ezomndeni wakwaSturgeon, zihlukaniswa ngesisindo sazo esikhulu (kufika ku-1 ton) nosayizi omkhulu (cishe amamitha amane). IBeluga "mega-longevity" - ingafinyelela ngisho eminyakeni eyikhulu ubudala. Kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, ingena emifuleni ukuze izalise amahlandla amaningi futhi "yehle iye phansi" ibuyele olwandle. Indawo ehlala kuyo izingqimba zolwandle iCaspian, Black ne-Azov. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-sturgeon lubhalwe ku-Red Book.
Ngokombono wokudoba, i-beluga iyinhlanzi ebalulekile, njengoba ihlukaniswa nenyama emnandi futhi ingumkhiqizi we-caviar emnyama. Inyama yayo iqukethe u-20% wesisindo esiphelele samaprotheni agayeka kalula, ama-amino acid (ikakhulukazi abalulekile i-methionine), i-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-fluorine, i-chromium, i-zinc, i-calcium chloride, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-iron, amavithamini A, D, B, i-niacin elinganayo .
Ekuphekeni, inyama ye-beluga ayikwazi ukumiswa iqhwa kuphela, kepha futhi iyabhema, yomiswe noma ikheniwe. I-Beluga caviar icutshungulwa emgqonyeni noma ngendlela elula ebunjiwe. UVyaziga waba isidlo esikhethekile esenziwe nge-beluga, esivame kakhulu ezindaweni zokubanjwa kwakhe. I-beluga swim bladder isetshenziselwa ukucacisa iwayini nokwenza i-glue, futhi isikhumba sisetshenziselwa izicathulo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inani labantu be-beluga liphansi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuthenga inyama noma i-caviar yale nhlanzi ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphezulu noma ukwanda okuncane.
shiitake
Leli yikhowe lohlobo lweMillechniki, oluhlukaniswa ngekepisi elikhulu, eliyisigaxa, elincane elinomphetho osabekayo, umbala omhlophe noma onsundu ngokugqamile nesiqu esingenalutho, esiwugqinsi, esifushane. Uthanda i-spruce, i-birch noma amahlathi ahlanganisiwe wezwe lethu, iBelarus neRussia, ikhula isizungu "esiziqhenyayo" noma njengomndeni wonke. Futhi yize edla amakhowe obisi, ayadliwa "ngaphansi kwesimo" futhi asetshenziswa kuphela ngosawoti.
Ubisi lungumnikazi werekhodi ngokuya ngekhalori eliphansi - ama-kcal ayi-19 kuphela ngamagremu ayikhulu. Iqukethe izinto eziwusizo njengamaprotheni, amafutha, ama-extractives, i-ascorbic acid, i-thiamine ne-riboflavin. Kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ngamatshe ezinso nesifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela, amanxeba we-purulent, i-emphysema ye-pulmonary, i-urolithiasis.
Cream
Le yingxenye equkethe amafutha obisi oluhleli noma olukhishwe ezimbonini nge-centrifuge. Ngokuya ngendlela yokucubungula, bahlukaniswe inzalo futhi banamathiselwe.
Ukhilimu uqukethe iphesenti eliphezulu lamafutha agaya kalula - afinyelela ku-35% nezinto eziningi eziwusizo (i-vitamin E, A, C, B2, B1, PP B, D, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, zinc, iron, L- i-tryptophan, lecithin). Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukuzola uhlelo lwezinzwa, kuthuthukise umsebenzi wama-gonads, ngokuqwasha, ukudangala nobuthi (kwezinye izimo).
Ukhilimu usetshenziselwa ukwenza zonke izinhlobo zama-dessert (amakhekhe, amakhekhe khekhe, ama-shortbreads, u-ayisikhilimu, i-risotto, ukhilimu), amasobho, amasoso, i-fricassee, i-julienne, i-mascarpone, itiye laseMongolia nezinye izitsha eziningi.
Beef
Inyama yabamele izinkomo (izithole, izinkunzi, izinkabi, ama-gobies nezinkomo). Ihlukaniswa ngokunwebeka, umbala obomvu onamanzi, inephunga elimnandi nesakhiwo esibucayi semabula, imithambo ethambile yamafutha ayo ihlukaniswa ngombala omhlophe-o-khilimu.
Izici ezilandelayo zithinta ikhwalithi yenkomo: ubudala nobulili besilwane, uhlobo lokuphakelayo, izimo zokugcinwa kwaso, inqubo yokuvuthwa kwenyama, ingcindezi yesilwane ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa. Izinhlobo zezinkomo ziyehluka ngokuya ngengxenye yesidumbu esithathwe kuso. Isibonelo, ibanga lenkomo eliphakeme kunawo wonke yisiqumba, isifuba noma umqolo, isigaxa, isigaxa kanye nesigaxa; ibanga lokuqala - izinhlangothi zesidumbu, ihlombe noma ihlombe; ibanga lesibili yi-shank yangemuva noma ngaphambili, isikiwe.
Inkomo iqukethe i-potassium, i-sodium, i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-phosphorus, i-iron, ithusi, i-zinc, isibabule, i-cobalt, amavithamini A, E, C, B6, B12, PP, B2, B1, amaprotheni aphelele.
Ukudla inyama yenkomo kunomthelela ekumungeni i-ayoni, ukululama ekulimaleni, ekwelapheni izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukusha, nokusiza ukulwa nokukhathala. Kunconyelwa ukushoda kwe-iron anemia namazinga aphezulu we-cholesterol embi. Isibindi senkomo silungele ukwelashwa kwe-urolithiasis nokuvimbela isifo senhliziyo.
Inkomo ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-cutlets, ama-roll rolls, i-Uzbek pilaf bakhsh, i-Greek stifado, ama-meatballs, i-steak, isinkwa senyama, i-zeppelin, i-roast, i-barbecue, isitshulu, i-beef stroganoff nobunye ubuciko bokupheka.
ugobo
uRose wasendle
Ibhekisa ezihlahleni ezikhula njalo, ezikhula endle zomndeni wakwaPink. Ihlukaniswa ngamagatsha alengayo, ameva aqinile amise okwenhla yezimbali nezimbali ezimhlophe noma eziphinki ezibomvana. Izinqe ezinjenge-berry zifana nombala o-orenji obomvu kanye nama-achenes amaningi anoboya.
Abanye ososayensi bathi izintaba ze-Himalaya ne-Iran yizindawo zokuzalwa zalesi sitshalo. Ezweni lanamuhla, i-rose rose isakazeke kuzo zonke izindawo zezulu, ngaphandle kwamahlane, itundra kanye ne-permafrost.
Izinqe rose eluhlaza zingumkhiqizo wekhalori eliphansi - ama-kcal angama-51 kuphela nge-100 g. Ziqukethe amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, i-fiber yokudla, ama-organic organic mahhala, i-calcium, i-sodium, i-phosphorus, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-iron, i-manganese, ithusi, i-molybdenum, i-chromium, i-cobalt, amavithamini B1, B6, B2, K, PP, E, C, ukufaka umbala nama-tanins, i-riboflavin, i-carotene, i-malic ne-citric acid, i-phytoncides, ushukela, amafutha abalulekile.
I-Rosehip ibonakala ngokuqinisa okujwayelekile, ukulwa nokuvuvukala, ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba, isisu esibuthakathaka, izakhiwo ze-choleretic ne-tonic, kwandisa ukumelana komzimba nezifo. Ukusetshenziswa kwamahips rose kusiza ukuhlanza uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi, ukuthuthukisa imetabolism, ukucebisa umzimba ngamavithamini nokwehlisa umfutho wegazi. Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ku-scurvy, anemia, izifo zesinye, izinso nesibindi, i-atherosclerosis nezinye izifo eziningi.
Amajikijolo eRosehip angasetshenziselwa ukwenza iwayini elenziwe ekhaya, itiye, i-compote, umhluzi, isobho, i-cognac, ujamu, isiraphu, i-tincture, i-liqueur, i-marmalade, i-marshmallow, ujamu, i-jelly, i-pudding, ophaya, amakhekhe, amazambane abondiwe, amasoso.
UCashew
Ngeyesihlahla esihlala siluhlaza se-thermophilic somndeni wakwaSumakhovy. Isithelo se-cashew siqukethe "i-apula" kanye ne-cashew nut enamathiselwe phezulu kwesithelo.
Amasheya “e-Apple” aphakathi nendawo ngosayizi ophakathi, amile okwepheya futhi anomuncu, amnandi, anenyama enamanzi. Ikhasi le-apula liphuzi, libomvu noma liwolintshi. Amantongomane e-cashew acasha kugobolondo eliqinile elinamafutha we-organic eshisayo (i-cardol). Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhipha inati, abakhiqizi bayinika ukushisa ukuze kuhwamuke le nto enobuthi.
AmaCashews aqala uhambo lwabo emhlabeni wonke evela eNingizimu Melika futhi manje akhule ngempumelelo eBrazil, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, Vietnam naseThailand.
Amantongomane e-cashew angukudla okuphezulu kwekhalori: i-100 kcal eluhlaza ngama-gramu angama-643 futhi ethosiwe, ngokulandelana - i-574 kcal. Ziqukethe amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amavithamini B2, A, B1, iron, phosphorus, zinc, calcium. Zinezici ze-tonic, isinqandakuvunda kanye namagciwane. Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ekudleni kwezokwelapha kwe-dystrophy, i-anemia, ukuphazamiseka komzimba, i-psoriasis, ubuhlungu bezinyo. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamantongomane e-cashew kuyasiza ekwehliseni amazinga e-cholesterol, kuqinisa amasosha omzimba, futhi kujwayele ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-cardiovascular system.
Ekuphekeni, kokubili ama-apula e-cashew namantongomane asetshenziswa. Ngeshwa, ama-apula e-cashew ayimikhiqizo ebolayo, ngakho-ke athengiswa kuphela emazweni lapho ama-cashews akhula khona (isibonelo, eNdiya, ama-jam, ama-juice, ama-jellies, iziphuzo ezidakayo, ama-compotes enziwa kuwo).
Amantongomane angadliwa eluhlaza noma othosiwe, engezwe kumasoso, amasaladi, amaqebelengwane kanye nokudla okulula, nebhotela elifana kakhulu nebhotela lamantongomane.