I-Lymphadenopathy yigama lezokwelapha elivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ekuvuvukeni kwama-lymph nodes. Ukuba nezindlala ezivuvukele kuwuphawu lomonakalo emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke i-Lymphadenopathy ingabonakala njengesignali yesixwayiso. Zingaxhunyaniswa nezifo ezithambile nezidlulayo, kodwa futhi zingaba nezimbangela ezimbi kakhulu.

Incazelo ye-lymphadenopathy

Ngokwencazelo, i-lymphadenopathy iyinto engavamile kuma-lymph nodes. Kodwa-ke, leli gama lezokwelapha livame ukusetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ku-adenomegaly, okuwukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes. Lesi simo senzeka lapho umzimba uhlaselwa. 

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-lymph nodes ayizitho ezincane ezidlala indima ebalulekile emasosheni omzimba ukuze kuqedwe amagciwane. Ama-lymph nodes ikakhulukazi ayisihlalo sokusabalala kwama-lymphocyte, amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba wawo umsebenzi wawo ukuqeda amagciwane. Lapho ama-lymph nodes ekhukhumala / ekhukhumala, umzimba ubhekana nolaka.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-lymphadenopathy

I-Lymphadenopathy ingathinta uhlobo olulodwa lwe-lymph node, noma yenzeke kumanodi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kulesi simo sesibili, sikhuluma nge-polyadenopathy noma ngezinye izikhathi i-lymphadenopathy ejwayelekile. 

Empeleni kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi umzimba unama-lymph nodes amaningi asakazwa emazingeni ahlukene. Ezaziwa kakhulu yilezo zentamo. Ngokuvamile, zizwakala kalula. Ayingxenye yama-lymph nodes angaphandle, njengalawo atholakala emaphethelweni nasemakhwapheni. Ngokuphambene, kukhona futhi i-ganglia ejulile ekhona ku-thorax nasesiswini.

Eqinisweni, kungenzeka futhi ukuhlukanisa:

• i-superficial lymphadenopathy, okuhlanganisa i-lymphadenopathy yomlomo wesibeletho ethinta ama-lymph nodes entanyeni, i-axillary lymphadenopathy eyenzeka emakhwapheni kanye ne-inguinal lymphadenopathy ku-groin;
• i-lymphadenopathy ejulile, efana ne-mediastinal lymphadenopathy eyenzeka ezingeni le-mediastinum ku-thorax.

Izinkinga ze-lymphadenopathy

Icala elivame kakhulu i-lymphadenopathy yomlomo wesibeletho, eyenzeka ku-ganglia yentamo. Kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi:

• ukutheleleka kwe-ENT sphere, njenge-pharyngitis;
• ukutheleleka kwe-salivary gland;
• ithumba lezinyo;
• njll

Uma izimbangela ezishiwo ngenhla ngokuvamile ziyingozi futhi zingokwesikhashana, okunye ukuhlasela okubi kakhulu kungase kube umsuka we-lymphadenopathy. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili: i-lymphadenopathy esithathelwanayo kanye ne-lymphadenopathy enomdlavuza.

I-lymphadenopathy ethathelwanayo ingaba ngenxa ye:

• ukutheleleka nge-staph noma i-strep;
• isifo se-cat scratch;
• i-tularémie;
• izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STD) ezifana ne-syphilis;
• isifo sofuba;
• i-toxoplasmosis;
• i-mononucleosis esithathelwanayo;
• njll

I-Cancer lymphadenopathy ihlotshaniswa noku:

• umdlavuza we-lymphatic system, owaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-lymphoma;
• ama-lymph node metastases, okusho ukuthi izimila zesibili ezingase zibe umphumela womdlavuza ku-ENT sphere, ulimi, i-thyroid, isisu, i-pelvis, ibele, izitho zangasese zangaphandle, umsele wangemuva noma isikhumba.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-lymphadenopathy

I-Superficial lymphadenopathy ngokuvamile kulula ukuyixilonga. Ukuvuvukala kwama-node angaphezulu kuyazwakala, kubonakala ngisho nasendabeni ye-lymphadenopathy yomlomo wesibeletho. Ngesikhathi sokubonisana, uchwepheshe wezempilo uzoba nesithakazelo endaweni ye-lymphadenopathy kanye "nokuvumelana" kwama-lymph nodes. Lokhu kuhlola kuzoqondisa ukuxilongwa okuzobe sekusekelwe ukuhlaziya izimpawu ezibonwayo.

Izivivinyo zezokwelapha zingasethwa ukuze kuqedelwe ukuxilongwa ezimeni ezithile ze-lymphadenopathy ekha phezulu, futhi ngokuhlelekile ukuze kutholakale i-lymphadenopathy ejulile. Izivivinyo ezingenzeka zihlanganisa:

• i-lymph node fine needle aspiration, isampula ethathwe kuma-lymph nodes kusetshenziswa inaliti;
• i-lymph node biopsy, ehlanganisa ukususa nokuhlaziya i-lymph node;
• inani legazi, elingasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa i-lymphadenopathy esithathelwanayo;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-microbiological ukuhlonza igciwane elihilelekile ku-lymphadenopathy esithathelwanayo;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ze-lymphadenopathy ejulile.

Izimpawu ze-lymphadenopathy ziningi futhi zihlukahlukene kakhulu. Zincike ohlotsheni lwe-lymphadenopathy, futhi ikakhulukazi imbangela yokuvuvukala kwama-node. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuhlukanisa izimpawu ezithile ezijwayelekile ze-lymphadenopathy engaphezulu. Lezi zivame ukubonakala ngezindlala ezivuvukele / ezivuvukele nezibuhlungu.

Icala elikhethekile le-lymphadenopathy yokuvuvukala

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuvuvukala kwama-nodes kuhambisana nokusabela kokuvuvukala. I-lymphadenopathy yokuvuvukala ngokuvamile ibonakala ngokunyuka komkhuhlane.

Izindlala ezivuvukele zinezimbangela ezihlukene futhi zingahambisana nezimpawu ezihlukene. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha ze-lymphadenopathy. Inhloso yabo eyinhloko ukwelapha imbangela ye-lymphadenopathy. Ukwesekwa kungase, ngokwesibonelo, kusekelwe kulokhu:

• ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic we-lymphadenopathy esithathelwanayo;
• ukwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala kwe-lymphadenopathy yokuvuvukala;
• i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe noma ngisho nokuhlinzwa kwe-lymphadenopathy enomdlavuza.

I-Lymphadenopathy inezimbangela eziningi ezingenzeka. Ngakho-ke kungase kube nezindlela eziningi zokuyivimbela. Imithi ye-herbal, isibonelo, ingasiza ekuvimbeleni izinhlobo ezithile ze-lymphadenopathy esithathelwanayo. Ukuze uthole okwengeziwe, ungangabazi ukubonana nohlu lwethu lwamafutha abalulekile anezindawo ezilwa namagciwane.