IKarkade

I-Hibiscus isiphuzo setiye se-burgundy esicebile esenziwe ngama-bracts omisiwe ezimbali zaseSudan rose ezivela kuhlobo lwe-Hibiscus. Amanye amagama: "mallow of Venice", "kandahar", "ukuphuza oFaro", kenaf, okra.

I-Hibiscus isiphuzo sezwe saseGibhithe, sinokunambitheka okumnandi nokumuncu. Izwe likaKandahar yiNdiya, litshalwe ngezinga lezimboni eThailand, eChina nasezifundeni ezishisayo zaseMelika. I-Hibiscus yathola ukuthandwa okukhulu emazweni ase-Arab. Ngaphezu kokuqeda ukoma, isetshenziswa emithini yesintu “njengekhambi lazo zonke izifo.”

Kukholakala ukuthi izinto ezinikeza umbala obomvu esitshalweni (i-anthocyanins) zibonisa umsebenzi wamavithamini we-P, zilawula ukungena kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. I-decoction ye-hibiscus ine-antipyretic, i-diuretic, i-antispasmodic properties, iqukethe ama-antioxidants avikela umzimba kusuka ku-oxidation, futhi abambezele inqubo yokuguga.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi itiye lithathwa njengesiphuzo esithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, lilandelwa ubhiya. I-pigment ebomvu ye-hibiscus isetshenziswa embonini yokudla ukuze kwakhiwe odayi bemvelo.

Imininingwane yomlando

I-Hibiscus iyisitshalo esingenasizotha, imbewu yaso eyalethwa isuka eNdiya yayiswa eMalaysia nase-Afrika, kwase kuba yiBrazil, Jamaica.

Ngo-1892, kwavulwa amafekthri ama-2 eQueensland (Australia) ukuze kukhiqizwe izinto zokusetshenziswa zetiye. Ngo-1895, ipulazi lokuqala le-hibiscus eCalifornia laqala ukusebenza. Futhi ngo-1904, kwaqala ukutshalwa kwezimboni zamasimu eHawaii.

Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-1960, i-hibiscus yayithathwa njengesitshalo esihle kakhulu esilinywa emagcekeni angasese eMidwest. Ngo-XNUMX, isiphepho esinamandla “sahamba” ezifundazweni eziseningizimu ye-United States, esacekela phansi izitshalo zesitshalo. Ngalokhu, inkathi yokutshalwa kwe-hibiscus eMelika ngezinga lezimboni yaqedwa.

Izinhlobonhlobo Izici

Kusukela ngo-1920 kuze kube namuhla, izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-hibiscus ziye zahlukaniswa:

1. "Rosella". Lolu hlobo lwama rose aseSudan lumila eNdiya. Isiphuzo esibomvu esikhanyayo sivala ngokushesha ukoma, sibonisa ngokuphelele ukunambitheka ngendlela eshisayo nebanda, lapho amanothi e-fruity alandelwa ngokucacile.
2. "Hibiscus subdarifa". Idizayinelwe ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezingxube zetiye. Lolu hlobo lwe-hibiscus lwenziwa ngendlela yalo emsulwa, lusetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza ezimele noma lwengezwe njengesigcwalisi esithelweni, embalini, etiyeni eliluhlaza noma elimnyama. Itshalwe e-Egypt naseSudan.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-hibiscus ziyahlukaniswa, ezikhula kuphela ePhilippines:

1. "Rico". Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olusetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokudla. Izici ezihlukile zezinhlobonhlobo ama-inflorescences amakhulu kanye nesivuno esikhulu.
2. "Victor". Lolu uhlobo lwesitshalo olumahhadlahhadla kune-'Rico' futhi lunama-inflorescence ambalwa ngesiqu kunesandulelayo.
3. "Archer" noma "sorrel emhlophe". Isici esiphawulekayo salolu hlobo yinani elincane le-pigment ebomvu, okuyilokho u-“Rico” no-“Victor” abanako. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziqu ze-'Archer' ziluhlaza ngokugqamile, ziqinile futhi zine-fibrous. Isitsha kanye namacembe anombala ophuzi ngokugqamile noma amhlophe ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Inani lama-inflorescences ku-sorrel emhlophe liphindwe izikhathi ezi-2 kunezinhlobo ezedlule. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-hibiscus luvame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini zokudla, ze-bast kunokwenza itiye. Zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziyadliwa futhi zengezwe kumasaladi. Itiye elenziwe ku-archer lisobala, linombala ophuzi oluhlaza okotshani.

I-Hibiscus ithanda umswakama, izwela isithwathwa. Izindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokutshala lesi sitshalo yizifunda ezishisayo, ezishisayo ezinemvula engu-70 - 80%, enobude obungaphezu kwamamitha angu-900 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Njengoba inesakhiwo esinamandla esinqunyiwe, i-hibiscus idinga ukuniselwa njalo ezimeni ezinomswakama ophansi.

Isivuno sesitshalo sincike enhlabathini ukuze silinywe, kungcono ukuthi ivundile. Kodwa-ke, ungatshala i-hibiscus ku-limestone ye-olitic ephelile noma i-sandy loam, lapho nayo imila kahle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokungaqhakazi, iziqu ze-branching futhi siyanyamalala.

Indlela yokusabalalisa: imbewu noma ukusika.

Ukusetshenziswa kokudla

Ekuphekeni, isitsha sesitshalo sisetshenziswa, i-capsule yembewu kanye namacembe ezimbali ahlukaniswa nawo. Kuleli fomu, inkomishi yembali ye-hibiscus isilungele ukusetshenziswa ekudleni. Emazweni ahlukene, izitsha ezahlukene zilungiswa kusuka ku-hibiscus. E-Afrika, izinkomishi zezimbali namantongomane acutshiwe asetshenziselwa ukwenza izitsha eziseceleni, amasoso noma ukugcwaliswa kukaphaya.

Amacembe ezimbali kanye nezitsha ezintsha ziyasikwa, zidluliswe emshinini wokugaya inyama kanye nesisefo, esisetshenziselwa ukwenza i-chutney, ijeli, isiraphu noma ujamu. Ukuze uthambise, uthuthukise iphunga nokunambitha, inqwaba yembali ithululelwa ngamanzi abilayo imizuzu engama-20.

Embonini yamaconfectionery yasePakistan, i-hibiscus isebenza njengomthombo we-pectin edliwayo, enezakhiwo ezibophayo. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza izibiliboco ezifana nejeli. Okungukuthi, ukugqoka amasaladi ezithelo, uqweqwe lwamakhekhe, uphudingi. Amasoso afana nojeli kanye nama-syrups maningi kuma-waffles, u-ayisikhilimu, isinkwa sejinja namakhekhe.

ELatin America naseNtshonalanga India, i-hibiscus yaziswa njengomthombo wokulungiswa kweziphuzo eziqabulayo, ezisatshalaliswa ezitsheni ezivaliwe, amabhodlela, nezimbiza ezifakwe inzalo. E-Egypt, bayiphuza ehlobo ngeqhwa, eMexico - ebusika kushisa. ENtshonalanga Afrika, izitsha ze-hibiscus kanye nama-inflorescences asetshenziselwa ukwenza iwayini elibomvu.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi e-Jamaica, isiphuzo sendabuko sikaKhisimusi senziwa ngesisekelo se-hibiscus. Ukuze kulungiswe isiphuzo esiqabulayo, i-hibiscus eyomile ifakwa usuku olulodwa embizeni yobumba enoshukela, i-ginger egayiwe, namanzi abilayo. I-rum ifakwa esiphuzweni ngaphambi kokuphuza. Phuza ugodole.

ENtshonalanga Afrika, iziqu ze-hibiscus ezincane namaqabunga asetshenziselwa ukulungisa amasaladi ngokufaka inyama noma inhlanzi, amakhambi kanye nemifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbewu eyosiwe yesitshalo isetshenziswa esikhundleni sekhofi lemvelo.

Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali

Amagremu ayi-100 wezinto zokusetshenziswa ezomile ezivela esitsheni se-hibiscus aqukethe:

• amanzi - 9,2 g;
• imifino yemifino - 12,0 amagremu;
• amafutha - 2,31 amagremu;
• amaprotheni - 1,145 amagremu.

Ukwakheka kwamavithamini kanye namaminerali ezimbali zaseSudan rose zimelelwa yizakhi ezilandelayo:

• i-calcium - 1263 milligrams;
• i-phosphorus - 273,3 milligrams;
• insimbi - 8,98 milligrams;
• i-ascorbic acid (C) - 6,7 milligrams;
• i-nicotinic acid (PP) - ama-milligrams angu-3,77;
• i-riboflavin (B2) - 0,277 milligrams;
• i-thiamine (B1) - 0,117 milligrams;
• i-carotene (A) - 0,029 milligrams.

Amavithamini kanye nama-mineral compounds abandakanyeka ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali e-biochemical, aqinisekisa ukuqaliswa okulungile kwezinqubo zomzimba.

Isilinganiso samandla B : W : U singama-24% : 0% : 48%.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hibiscus ihlanganisa:

1. Anthocyanins. Babonisa izakhiwo ze-antitumor, baphula i-lipids, baqinise izindonga zemithambo yegazi, futhi balawule ukungeneka kwabo.
2. I-Organic acid (i-tartaric, i-citric, i-malic). Zine-disinfectant, isenzo se-bactericidal, ikhulula ukuvuvukala, iqinisa amandla omzimba omzimba.
3. Ama-Antioxidants. Banciphisa izimo zomkhuhlane, babonise izakhiwo ze-antispasmodic, balwe nokuvuvukala.
4. Ama-Polysaccharides. Gcina amandla ezindonga zamaseli, usebenze njengomphakeli wamandla, ukhuthaze ukulungiswa kwezicubu.
5. Ama-Flavonoids. Vimbela izilonda ze-sclerotic, uthuthukise ukunwebeka kwemithambo yegazi.
6. Ama-Pectins. Adsorb izinto eziyingozi, uzinzise imisebenzi yesisu, ukhuthaze ukuhlanza.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo nezilimazayo

Ama-infusions avela ezinkomishi zezimbali namaqabunga e-hibiscus asetshenziswa kubantu, imithi yendabuko eNdiya, e-Afrika naseMexico njenge-antipyretic, hypotensive, diuretic and choleretic agent. Banciphisa i-viscosity yegazi, bakhuthaze ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo ze-anthelmintic, antibacterial, hypotensive kanye ne-antispasmodic yesiphuzo setiye manje seziqinisekisiwe ngokwesayensi.

E-Guatemala, izimbali nejusi evela e-Sudan rose isetshenziselwa ukulwa nama-hangover. EMpumalanga Afrika, kuhlanganiswe ne-molasses, pepper kanye nosawoti, ngokukhwehlela.

E-India, i-decoction yembewu ye-hibiscus isetshenziswa njenge-diuretic ne-astringent. EBrazil, izimpande ze-hibiscus ziyabiliswa futhi abantu bendawo bahlanza imilomo yabo ngekhambi eliwumphumela esikhundleni sokuxubha amazinyo ebusuku.

Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi, amaqabunga esitshalo asetshenziswa ngaphandle, ayashiswa futhi asetshenziswe ezindaweni eziyinkinga zesikhumba (ngokwakheka kwe-purulent, amanxeba). Banomthelela ekwelapheni izilonda ze-trophic.

Izici zokwelapha ze-Kandahar:

1. Iphikisana nokuthuthukiswa kwezifo, amagciwane, isebenza njenge-antibiotic yemvelo.
2. Ithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-bile.
3. Iqeda ukukhukhumala, isusa uketshezi oluningi, ikhulule i-scurvy (i-petioles nembewu).
4. Uthulisa isimiso sezinzwa, normalizes indle (impande).
5. Ilawula umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane ngokukhulula imisipha ebushelelezi yesibeletho (ijusi).
6. Kuthinta kahle isibindi nezinso (okukhishwe ezimbalini).
7. Ijwayela umfutho wegazi (i-decoction).
8. Ivuselela ukukhula kwezinwele.
9. Ihlanza umzimba (isusa imikhiqizo engadingekile ye-metabolic, izinsimbi ezisindayo, ubuthi, izinto ezingenayo i-oxidized, izinsalela zokudla ezingakacutshungulwa).
10. Ikhulula amajaqamba esiswini.
11. Yehlisa amazinga e-cholesterol, iqinisa inhliziyo.
12. Ivimbela ukukhula kwama-neoplasms ayingozi.
13. Isusa imiphumela yokudakwa kotshwala emzimbeni.
14. Isheshisa imetabolism, ivuselela ukushiswa kwamafutha.
15. Ithuthukisa inkumbulo, isebenze ubuchopho.

Amacembe e-Hibiscus asetshenziswa embonini yezimonyo ukukhiqizwa kwamakha, imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba elwa nokuguga, amagwebu okugeza, ama-shampoos.

I-Liquid ekhishwe ezimbali ezintsha namaqabunga e-Sudan rose ivimbela ukukhula kwezinhlobo ze-staphylococcus, inomsebenzi we-antibacterial ngokumelene ne-bacilli, ibulala amagciwane ayingozi amathumbu, kuyilapho igcina i-microflora ezuzisayo.

Umphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala we-hibiscus usetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ekwelapheni izifo zendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu (i-bronchitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis) kanye ne-urinary tract (cystitis).

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi e-China, izimbali zaseSudan rose zisetshenziswa njengendlela evamile yokujikeleza kwegazi, ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi emzimbeni.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiphuzo esibomvu nesimuncu sithuthukisa isimo esijwayelekile, siboniswa:

• ukungezwani kwemizwa;
• ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
• ukukhathala okungapheli;
• umsebenzi owandisiwe womzimba.

Ukuze uthuthukise ibala, i-decoction ye-hibiscus iqandisiwe ngendlela yama-cubes, okufanele isulwe nsuku zonke (ekuseni nakusihlwa) ebunzini, ezihlathini, ekhaleni nasesilevini. Futhi ukuze kuncishiswe amafutha ezinwele, itiye elisanda kwenziwa elivela ezimbalini ze-hibiscus lipholile ekamelweni lokushisa, lihlanjululwe ngezinwele ezigeziwe.

Contraindication:

• isilonda esiswini, i-gastritis;
• ukuthambekela kwe-allergies;
• izingane kuze kube unyaka;
• isikhathi sokuncelisa;
• ukwanda kwe-cholelithiasis ne-urolithiasis;
• ukwanda kwe-asidi esiswini;
• ukuqwasha;
• ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye.

I-Hibiscus yenhliziyo

Ososayensi baseMelika benza ucwaningo lophenyo lapho abantu abangu-64 bezigaba ezahlukene zeminyaka abanezifo zesistimu yenhliziyo babambe iqhaza. Abantu babehlukaniswa ngamaqembu alinganayo. Owokuqala wanikezwa itiye le-hibiscus le-herbal kathathu ngosuku izinyanga ezingu-1,5, omunye wanikezwa i-placebo, okuyinto, ngokunambitheka nokubukeka, efana namaphilisi ayisisekelo esimanje. Ekupheleni kokuhlolwa, bonke ababambiqhaza babengaphansi kokuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha.

Ngakho-ke, eqenjini lokuqala, ukwehla kwengcindezi ngo-6-13% kwabhalwa, okwesibili - ngo-1,3%. Ososayensi bafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi umphumela wokwelapha wetiye lembali ye-hibiscus ungenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-flavonoids nama-phenolic acid (ama-antioxidants), akha umgoqo wemvelo ngokumelene nemiphumela eyingozi yama-radicals mahhala. Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo, i-hibiscus inciphisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa izifo zenhliziyo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, i-arrhythmia, isifo senhliziyo.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ayikho eminye imiphumela emibi etholakele. Isimo esiyinhloko akufanele siphuze isiphuzo sokuphulukisa esiswini esingenalutho, ngoba umhluzi uqukethe ama-asidi amaningi emvelo.

Ukuze uthuthukise isimo futhi wenze ukucindezela kujwayelekile, i-hibiscus kufanele idliwe njalo, okungenani izinkomishi ezi-3 ngosuku (amamililitha angu-250 lilinye) amaviki angu-6. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke uzwe umphumela wawo obonakalayo emzimbeni.

Indlela yokusebenzisa i-hibiscus?

Ukuze ulungiselele isiphuzo se-herbal, izimbali ze-hibiscus zingenziwa ngendlela ehlanzekile noma izithako ezihlukahlukene zingangezwa: izingcezu zezithelo, amajikijolo, i-cardamom, i-mint, i-lemon balm, uju, i-vanilla ice cream, isinamoni, i-ginger.

Izakhamizi zamazwe ashisayo zichoboza amaqabunga e-Sudan rose bese ziwafaka kumasaladi emifino, futhi zisebenzisa imbewu njengesinongo sezifundo zokuqala.

I-Hibiscus yengeza ukunambitheka okusha kujeli, ujamu, amakhekhe, iziphuzo zezithelo.

Isiphuzo se-herbal esibomvu esibomvu sasisetshenziswa kushisa noma kubanda (noma ngaphandle kukashukela). Esimweni sesibili, kuthululelwa ezingilazini, ezihlotshiswe ngotshani.

Ungayikhetha kanjani?

Izinga lomkhiqizo ngokuqondile lincike kubuchwepheshe bokuqoqwa, ukucubungula nokugcinwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lapho uthenga itiye, okokuqala, qaphela umbala we-kenaf. Ngokumisa kahle, izimbali kufanele zibe burgundy noma ezibomvu ezijulile. Uma zimnyama noma zibuthuntu, khona-ke umswakama wahwamuka emacembeni ngendlela engafanele. I-Hibiscus evela ezintweni ezinjalo zokusetshenziswa izoba mnandi.

Izinga lesiphuzo lithinteka ngobukhulu bamacembe e-hibiscus. Ipakishwe ezikhwameni noma izimbali eziyimpuphu zibhekwa njengetiye elivamile. Lona umkhiqizo wezitshalo onamahlamvu aphansi. Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi okuwusizo isiphuzo esenziwe ngamacembe aphelele erose yaseSudan.

Ngemuva kokuthenga, i-hibiscus ithululelwa ezitsheni ze-ceramic, ivalwe ngokuqinile ngesembozo. Ukuphila kweshelufu yezimbali ezomisiwe kufika onyakeni ongu-1.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imbali ye-hibiscus eziqhingini zaseHawaii ibhekwa njengophawu lobuhle besifazane, ngakho-ke abameleli bengxenye enhle yesintu bavame ukuyinamathisela emicu yezinwele zabo.

Indlela yokupheka i-hibiscus?

Izimpawu eziyisisekelo zendlela yokwenza isiphuzo esimnandi esinempilo kusuka ezimbali ze-hibiscus:

1. Amacembe e-Hibiscus kufanele abe aphelele, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izingxenye ezinkulu. Ukuze uthole isiphuzo esimnandi, awukwazi ukusebenzisa izinto ezingavuthiwe ezigaywe zaba yimpushana.
2. Ukuphuza, kungcono ukuthatha ingilazi noma i-ceramic teapot.
3. Lapho ulungiselela isiphuzo, bheka izilinganiso ezilandelayo: 7,5 amagremu amacembe e-hibiscus (1,5 amathisipuni) ngamamililitha angu-200 amanzi. Uma itiye linamandla kakhulu, yehlisa inani le-hibiscus libe ngamagremu angu-5.
4. Ukukhiqiza ama roses aseSudan, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa izitsha zensimbi, njengoba kushintsha ukunambitheka nombala wesiphuzo esihle.

Itiye le-hibiscus liyisivuseleli esihle kakhulu esimweni sezulu esishisayo, esiminyene ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwe-citric acid kuyo.

Izindlela zokushisela:

1. Faka izinto ezingavuthiwe esitsheni esinamanzi abilayo, ubilise imizuzu emi-3 kuze kube yilapho uketshezi luphenduka lube bomvu, uthole ukunambitheka okumnandi okumuncu. Inzuzo yale ndlela ukuthola isiphuzo esinamandla esicebile, ukungalungi ukubhujiswa kwamavithamini nezinye izinto eziwusizo.
2. Faka amaqabunga etiye enkomishini, uthele amanzi ashisayo, izinga lokushisa okufanele lihluke ebangeni lama-80 - 95 degrees. Itiye ligcizelela imizuzu engu-4 - 6 ngaphansi kwesivalo esivaliwe. Isiphuzo esitholwe ngale ndlela sinokunambitha okuncane kakhulu kunangaphambili, kodwa sigcina imisoco eminingi.
3. Ukulungiselela i-karkade ebandayo, amacembe e-hibiscus afakwa emanzini abandayo, alethwa ngamathumba, ushukela wengezwe, ususwe esitofu, ufakwe futhi upholile. Khonza ngeqhwa.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amacembe e-hibiscus ane-steamed angadliwa, aqukethe ama-amino acid amaningi, i-pectin, uvithamini C.

Isiphetho

I-Hibiscus iyi-immunomodulator yemvelo ebonisa i-adsorbing, i-antispasmodic, i-diuretic, izakhiwo ze-anthelmintic. Lesi sitshalo siqukethe ama-amino acid abalulekile, ama-anthocyanins, ama-organic acid, ama-antioxidants, ama-polysaccharides, ama-flavonoids, ama-pectin. Kanye ne-calcium, i-phosphorus, insimbi, amavithamini A, B1, B2, C, PP.

Isitsha nezinkomishi ze-hibiscus zivimbela ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi komzimba, zenze kusebenze imisebenzi yawo yokuzivikela, futhi zibulale amagciwane. Benza umsebenzi obonakalayo ojwayelekile, ukhuthaze ukuncipha kwesisindo, ukhulule ukucindezeleka kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo, uphathe i-beriberi.

Lesi sitshalo sinconywa ukuthi sisetshenziswe yizo zombili iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme (uma kubanda) kanye neziguli ezine-hypotensive (ezishisayo), njengoba zijwayelekile umfutho wegazi.

I-Hibiscus ingadakwa ishisa noma ibanda. Ngakho-ke, ehlobo lizoqeda ukoma kwakho, futhi ebusika kuzosiza ukufudumala, ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba. Isiphuzo setiye sisebenza kahle ngokuqunjelwa okungapheli, i-atony yamathumbu amakhulu, i-atherosclerosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Contraindicated in komzimba, cholelithiasis kanye urolithiasis ngesikhathi exacerbation, pathologies emathunjini ehambisana nezimo erosive, acidity anda of juice esiswini.