Umsebenzi wesikole ongabonakali: kanjani ukusabalalisa umthwalo womsebenzi emndenini?

Funda lezi zitatimende ezine ezilandelayo bese ucabangela ukuthi noma yisiphi kulezi ezingenhla siyasebenza kuwe.

1. Ngenza ingxenye enkulu yokunakekela indlu—ngokwesibonelo, ngihlela amamenyu eviki lonke, ngenza uhlu lwegrosa edingekayo nezinto zasendlini, ngiqinisekise ukuthi yonke into esendlini isebenza kahle, futhi ngihlaba umkhosi lapho izinto zidinga ukulungiswa/ukulungiswa/ukulungiswa. .
2. Ngithathwa “njengomzali omisiwe” uma kuziwa ekusebenzisaneni nenkulisa noma isikole, ukuxhumanisa imisebenzi yezingane, imidlalo, izinto zokuhamba edolobheni kanye nodokotela abavakashelayo. Ngiyabuka ukuze ngibone ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokuthengela izingane izingubo ezintsha nezinye izinto ezibalulekile, kanye nezipho zezinsuku zazo zokuzalwa.
3. Yimina ohlela usizo lwangaphandle, isibonelo, ngithola umzanyana, abafundisi kanye ne-au pair, oxhumana nezingcweti, abakhi njalonjalo.
4. Ngixhumanisa impilo yenhlalo yomndeni, ngihlela cishe lonke uhambo lokuya eshashalazini nakumamnyuziyamu, uhambo lokuya ngaphandle kwedolobha nemihlangano nabangane, ukuhlela izinkambo kanye namaholide, ngilandelela imicimbi yedolobha ezithakazelisayo.

Uma uvumelana okungenani nezitatimende ezimbili, cishe uthwele umthwalo omkhulu wokuqonda emndenini wakho. Qaphela ukuthi angizange ngibale imisebenzi evamile njengokupheka, ukuhlanza, ilondolo, ukuthenga igrosa, ukugunda utshani, noma ukuchitha isikhathi nezingane ekhaya noma ngaphandle. Isikhathi eside, kwakuyile misebenzi ethile eyayihlotshaniswa nomsebenzi wasekhaya. Kodwa umsebenzi wokuqonda waphunyuka abacwaningi kanye nomphakathi, ngoba awudingi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, njengomthetho, awubonakali futhi uchazwa kabi ngamafreyimu wesikhathi.

Iningi lemisebenzi yasendlini nokunakekelwa kwezingane ngokwesiko kwenziwa ngabesifazane. Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, iye yanda imikhaya eminingi lapho imisebenzi yasekhaya yabelwa khona ngokulinganayo, kodwa ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi abesifazane, ngisho nabasebenzayo, bamatasa kakhulu ngemisebenzi yasekhaya kunabesilisa.

E-Washington, DC, lapho ngizilolongela khona, abesifazane bavame ukuzwakalisa ukukhungatheka ngokukhungathekiswa inqwaba yemisebenzi engenasiqalo nesiphetho futhi engenaso isikhathi sabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zimo zinzima nakakhulu ukuchaza ngokucacile nokulinganisa.

Isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu saseHarvard u-Allison Daminger muva nje sishicilele ucwaningo¹lapho echaza futhi echaza ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngo-2017, wenze izingxoxo ezijulile nabantu abadala abashadile abangama-70 (imibhangqwana engama-35). Babeyikilasi eliphakathi nephezulu eliphakathi, benemfundo yasekolishi futhi okungenani ingane eyodwa engaphansi kweminyaka engu-5.

Ngokusekelwe kulolu cwaningo, uDaminger uchaza izingxenye ezine zomsebenzi wengqondo:

1. Ukubikezela ukuqwashisa nokulindela izidingo ezizayo, izinkinga noma amathuba.
2. Ukuhlonza izinsiza — ukuhlonza ongakhetha kukho ukuxazulula inkinga.
3. Ukwenza izinqumo ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu phakathi kwezinketho ezikhonjiwe.
4. Ukulawula - Ukubona ukuthi izinqumo zenziwa futhi izidingo ziyahlangatshezwa.

Ucwaningo lukaDaminger, njengobunye ubufakazi obuningi be-anecdotal, luphakamisa ukuthi ukubikezela nokulawula kuwela kakhulu emahlombe abesifazane. Uma kuziwa ekuboneni izinsiza (ake sithi umbuzo wokuthola inkulisa uvela), amadoda ahileleke kakhulu kule nqubo. Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke babambe iqhaza enqubweni yokwenza izinqumo - isibonelo, lapho umndeni udinga ukunquma ngesikole esithile sasenkulisa noma inkampani yokulethwa kwegrosa. Nakuba, yiqiniso, izifundo ezengeziwe ziyadingeka, okuthi, ngesampula enkulu, ithole ukuthi iziphetho zalesi sihloko ziyiqiniso kangakanani.

Kungani umsebenzi wengqondo unzima kangaka ukubona nokuqaphela? Okokuqala, ngokuvamile awubonakali kuwo wonke umuntu kodwa umuntu owenzayo. Imuphi umama ongakaze axoxe usuku lonke mayelana nomcimbi wezingane ozayo ngenkathi eqedela umsebenzi obalulekile?

Ngokunokwenzeka, ngowesifazane ozokhumbula ukuthi utamatisi oshiywe ekhabetheni eliphansi lesiqandisi uhambile, futhi uzokwenza inothi lengqondo ukuthenga imifino emisha kusihlwa noma axwayise umyeni wakhe ukuthi udinga ukuya esitolo. kungakapheli uLwesine, lapho zizodingeka nakanjani ukupheka ispaghetti.

Futhi, cishe, nguyena, oshiswa yilanga ogwini, ucabanga ukuthi yimaphi amasu okulungiselela ukuhlolwa okungcono ukunikeza indodana yakhe. Futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ngezikhathi ezithile ihlola lapho iligi yebhola lendawo iqala ukwamukela izicelo ezintsha. Lo msebenzi wokuqonda uvame ukwenziwa «ngemuva», ngokuhambisana neminye imisebenzi, futhi awupheli. Ngakho-ke, cishe akunakwenzeka ukubala ukuthi singakanani isikhathi umuntu asichitha kule micabango, nakuba ingathinta kabi ikhono lakhe lokugxila ukuze enze umsebenzi oyinhloko noma, ngokuphambene, ukuphumula.

Umthwalo omkhulu wengqondo ungaba umthombo wokungezwani nezingxabano phakathi kwabalingani, njengoba kungase kube nzima ngomunye umuntu ukuba abone ukuthi lo msebenzi unzima kangakanani. Kwesinye isikhathi labo abawenzayo abaziboni bona ukuthi mingaki imithwalo yemfanelo abazidonsela yona, futhi abaqondi ukuthi kungani benganeliseki ngokuqeda umsebenzi othile.

Vumelana, kulula kakhulu ukuzwa injabulo yokudweba ucingo lwengadi kunokuqapha njalo ukuthi isikole sisebenzisa kanjani ikharikhulamu eklanyelwe ngqo ingane yakho enezidingo ezikhethekile.

Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokuhlola umthwalo wemisebenzi nokuyisabalalisa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamalungu omndeni, "umphathi" wekhaya uyaqhubeka nokuqapha yonke into, eziletha ekuphelelweni amandla. Ukukhathala kwengqondo, nakho, kungaholela emiphumeleni engalungile yobungcweti nangokomzimba.

Ingabe uzithole uvuma ngekhanda ngesikhathi ufunda lo mbhalo? Bheka amanye amasu engiwahlolile emsebenzini wami wokubonisana:

1. Gcina umbhalo walokho wonke umthwalo wengqondo ovame ukuwenza phakathi nesonto. Qaphela ikakhulukazi konke okwenzayo ngemuva, ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi ebalulekile noma uphumule. Bhala phansi konke okukhumbulayo.

2. Bona ukuthi kungakanani okwenzayo ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Sebenzisa lokhu okutholakele ukuze uzinike ikhefu ngezikhathi ezithile futhi uziphathe ngemfudumalo nozwelo olwengeziwe.

3. Xoxisana nophathina wakho ngokuthi kungenzeka yini kube nokuhlukana ngokulinganayo komthwalo wengqondo. Ngokuqaphela ukuthi wenza kangakanani, cishe uyovuma ukuthatha omunye wemisebenzi. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwabelana ngemithwalo yemfanelo iwukudlulisela kumlingani lokho yena akulungele ukukwenza nangathanda ukukwenza.

4. Beka eceleni isikhathi lapho uzogxila khona kuphela emsebenzini noma, ake sithi, ekuqeqesheni imidlalo. Lapho uzithola uzama ukucabanga ngenkinga ethile yasekhaya, buyela emsebenzini osuwenzile. Cishe uzodinga ukuthatha ikhefu imizuzwana embalwa bese ubhala phansi umcabango oqhamuke mayelana nenkinga yasekhaya ukuze ungakhohlwa.

Ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi noma ukuqeqeshwa, uzokwazi ukugxila ngokugcwele enkingeni edinga ukuxazululwa. Ngokushesha noma kamuva, ukunaka kwakho kuzokhethwa kakhulu (ukuzijwayeza njalo ukucabangela kuzosiza).

5. Hlola noma yiziphi izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe eziklanyelwe ukudambisa umthwalo womthwalo wengqondo. Isibonelo, zama ukusebenzisa isihleli semenyu noma uhlelo lokusebenza lokusesha indawo yokupaka, isiphathi somsebenzi, nezinye izinsiza eziwusizo.

Ngezinye izikhathi nje ukuqaphela ukuthi umthwalo omkhulu wengqondo awukho kithi kuphela, ukuthi asodwa kulesi "sikebhe", kungenza ukuphila kube lula kithi.

¹ U-Allison Daminger "I-Cognitive Dimension of Household Labor", i-American Sociological Review, ngoNovemba,

Mayelana nombhali: U-Elena Kechmanovich uyisazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, umsunguli kanye nomqondisi we-Arlington/DC Behavioral Therapy Institute, kanye noprofesa ovakashele eMnyangweni Wezengqondo eGeorgetown University.