Okuqukethwe
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2500 zemigqa, eziningi zazo ezidliwayo noma ezidliwayo ngokwemibandela, futhi ingxenye encane yazo inobuthi. Enye yalawa makhowe wumugqa ophuzi sulphur, okuzoxoxwa ngawo kulesi sihloko.
Imibono yezazi ze-mycologists mayelana nekhowe lomugqa wesulfure-yellow ihluka kakhulu. Abanye bayibheka njengoshevu, abanye bamane nje ayidleki. Ezweni Lethu, lesi sikhunta sihlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezinobuthi, ezinobuthi obuphansi. Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi ezincwadini eziningi zokubhekisela ezihloselwe ukukhomba nokuchaza imizimba yezithelo, umugqa ophuzi sulphur ubhekwa njengento engenakudliwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, eminye imithombo ibonisa ukuthi i-mushroom inobuthi, nakuba ingabulali. Into embi kakhulu engenzeka ngokudla lo mzimba we-fruiting ubuthi obuncane ngendlela yokucasuka kwamathumbu, ngaphandle komphumela obulalayo.
Umugqa wamanga wesibabule ukhula emahlathini aluhlaza nangama-coniferous, kaningi emhlabathini, kwesinye isikhathi ezihlahleni eziwile neziphunzi ezimbozwe ubulembu.
Izithelo zesikhunta ziqala phakathi no-August futhi ziqhubeke kuze kube isithwathwa sokuqala.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula! Njengoba incazelo yommeleli onobuthi womndeni ojwayelekile ifana kakhulu nencazelo ye-greenfinch edliwayo, kufanele iqoqwe kuphela yilabo abangakwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokunembile isifanekiso esidliwayo nesingenakudliwa. Ngakho-ke, uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi yimaphi amakhowe aphambi kwakho, ungazifaki engozini yokuwasika. Ukuqapha kule ndaba kuyokusiza ukuba ugweme imiphumela engathandeki engase ibangelwe ukulungiswa kwamanga.
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Amakhowe okugwedla isulfure-ophuzi: isithombe nencazelo
Ukuze ubuyekeze, sikunikeza ukuthi ubone incazelo enemininingwane yomugqa ophuzi sulphur nezithombe.
Igama lesi Latin: I-Tricholoma sulphureum.
Umndeni: Okuvamile.
omqondofana: ukugwedla isibabule, ukugwedla isibabule samanga.
[»»]umugqa: ububanzi buhluka kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-8 cm, ezinye izibonelo zifinyelela ku-10 cm. Ekuqaleni, le ngxenye yomzimba wezithelo inomumo we-convex noma we-hemispherical. Ngokukhula, ikepisi liba yi-plano-convex ngokudangala engxenyeni emaphakathi. Ingaphezulu lekepisi linombala ophuzi sulphur, ekugcineni lithola umbala onsundu onemicu ephinyiswa kancane. Uma uthintwa - i-velvety, futhi esimweni sezulu esimanzi - siyashelela. Lesi sici siboniswa ngokucacile esithombeni somugqa ophuzi nesibabule esithathwe ngemva kwemvula:
Umlenze: ukuphakama kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-3 kuye ku-12 cm, futhi ukujiya kuvela ku-0,5 kuya ku-2 cm. Ngezinye izikhathi kunokuqina engxenyeni engenhla, noma ngokuphambene nalokho - ukunciphisa. Umbala we-stem ngaphansi kwezigqoko uphuzi ngokugqamile, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi uba sulphur-yellow. Eminyakeni evuthiwe, imicu ye-longitudinal monochromatic noma emnyama ibonakala phezulu. Imilenze yezibonelo ezindala igobile futhi ngezinye izikhathi imbozwe ngokuminyene ngezikali ezinsundu.
[»»]I-Pulp: umbala ungase ube sulphur-ophuzi noma ube ne-tinge eluhlaza. Isici sokugcina sombala siholela eqinisweni lokuthi umugqa wesulfure wamanga udidekile ne-greenfinch - i-mushroom edliwayo. Iphunga le-pulp alimnandi kakhulu, likhumbuza iphunga le-acetylene noma i-tar, ngezinye izikhathi i-hydrogen sulfide noma igesi yokukhanyisa. I-pulp yomugqa wesulfure-yellow inokunambitheka okubabayo.
Amarekhodi: ukunamathela esiqwini kanye notched, nge unqenqema engalingani. Ngokwencazelo yokugwedla amapuleti ayo aphuzi sulphur, awavamile, awugqinsi futhi abanzi. Zinombala ophuzi sulphur, ezinomkhawulo ofanayo wombala.
Izingxabano: ezimhlophe, ezimise okwe-alimondi, ngokuvamile azifani.
Isicelo: ayisetshenziselwa ukupheka, njengoba ibhekwa njengekhowe elingenakudliwa.
Ukudla: ikhowe elingadliwa noma elinobuthi elinobuthi obuphansi obungabangela ubuthi obuncane besisu. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, lolu hlobo lokugwedla lunephunga elimnandi elikhumbuza iphunga le-hydrogen sulfide, kanye nokunambitheka okubabayo okungathandeki.
Ukufana nokuhluka: ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lwesithelo ludidaniswa nemigqa edliwayo - eyedwa, empunga yomhlaba, empunga kanye nephuzi-bomvu. Naka isithombe somugqa wamanga wesibabule ukuze kube lula ukuhlukanisa kwezinye izinhlobo. Kwesinye isikhathi ukugwedla kungadidaniswa ne-greenfinch, kodwa inkulu kakhulu ngosayizi, inamapuleti avamile kanye nenyama emhlophe noma ephuzi.
Spread: ngokuvamile ithanda amahlathi aluhlaza, axubile kanye nama-coniferous. Ikhula ngamaqembu noma imigqa, efana "nemibuthano yabathakathi", emhlabathini ocebile we-limestone kanye nesihlabathi. Imvamisa yakha i-mycorrhiza nge-beech, i-oki, kancane kancane ngefir nophayini. Ukugwedla okuphuzi nesibabule kuvame ukutholakala emigwaqweni, ezindaweni zamapaki ngisho nasezindlini zasehlobo.
Ukugwedla isulfure kuvamile kulo lonke elaseZweni Lethu naseYurophu - kusukela eMedithera kuya emazingeni aphansi e-Arctic.
Izithelo: Ikhowe le-rowan sulphur-yellow liqala ukuthela ngo-August futhi liphele ngo-Okthoba.
Izimpawu zobuthi ezinomugqa ophuzi nesibabule esingenakudliwa
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izimpawu zobuthi lapho usebenzisa umugqa ophuzi sulphur-ophuzi azifani nezimpawu zobuthi ngezinye izinhlobo ezinobuthi zamakhowe. Izimpawu zokuqala zitholwa ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-40 noma ngaphezulu kwamahora angama-2-3 alandelayo. Ubuhlungu besisu, ubuthakathaka, ikhanda elibuhlungu liqala, khona-ke isicanucanu nokuhlanza kungase kwenzeke. Kuphela ngokuvakasha okufika ngesikhathi kudokotela, zonke izimpawu zidlula ngokushesha futhi ungalindela ukululama okuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Manje, ukwazi incazelo enembile futhi ubheka isithombe sekhowa lerowu lesulfure-yellow, ungaya ngokuphepha ehlathini ukuze uthole amakhowe. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nolwazi oludingekayo mayelana nalo mmeleli ongenakudliwa, qaphela futhi uqaphele. Khona-ke ukukha amakhowe ngeke kukulimaze impilo yakho, futhi ukuhamba ehlathini kuzoshiya imibono ejabulisayo kuphela.