Ungaba kanjani umtshalizimali webhizinisi: izinyathelo ezinhlanu zabaqalayo

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi ikakhulukazi kwenziwa yizimali noma izingelosi zebhizinisi ezivelele. Kodwa ingabe umuntu ongenalwazi angaqala yini ukutshala imali ezinkampanini ezisathuthuka futhi athole imali enkulu?

Mayelana nochwepheshe: UVictor Orlovsky, umsunguli kanye nozakwethu ophethe weFort Ross Ventures.

Iyini i-Venture Investment

Isenzo sesenzo esihunyushwe sisuka esiNgisini sisho “ukuzifaka engozini noma ukunquma ngokuthile.”

I-venture capitalist ingumtshali-zimali oweseka amaphrojekthi amancane - aqalayo - ezigabeni zokuqala. Njengomthetho, sikhuluma ngokuthengiselana okunobungozi obukhulu, lapho ungakwazi ukwandisa inani elitshaliwe izikhathi eziningi, noma ulahlekelwe yikho konke ngepeni. Osomabhizinisi abaningi abaphumelelayo bacabangela le ndlela yokuxhasa ngezimali ngenxa yenzuzo ephezulu uma iphrojekthi iphumelele.

Into esemqoka okufanele uyazi mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi ukuthi izinkampani eziningi ezintsha ziyehluleka, i-90 kweziyi-100 ezisanda kwakhiwa ezintsha ngeke ziphile. Yebo, kuyingozi. Kodwa, ngokutshala imali njengomtshali-zimali kusenesikhathi, ekuphumeni kwakho ungathola imali enkulu kakhulu enkampanini eyodwa, ezoba ngaphezu kokukhokhela ukulahlekelwa kwakho.

Ubani ongaba ngumtshalizimali webhizinisi

Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi kungani ufuna ukutshala imali. Uma utshala imali ukuze uthole imali, kufanele uqonde ukuthi ubungozi lapha buphezulu kakhulu. Uma utshala imali ngenjongo yokuzijabulisa, leyo indaba ehlukile. Iseluleko sami:

  • bheka imali yakho ewuketshezi (ukheshi nezinye izimpahla), khipha kuyo imali oyisebenzisayo ekuphileni, bese utshala u-15% wemali esele ekutshalweni kwezimali zebhizinisi;
  • imbuyiselo yakho okulindelekile kufanele okungenani ibe ngu-15% ngonyaka, ngoba ungazuza cishe okufanayo (isilinganiso esiphezulu) ngamathuluzi angenabungozi kangako ekuhwebeni okuhleliwe;
  • ungaqhathanisi le mbuyiselo nebhizinisi oliphethe - kumaphrojekthi wemali eyinhloko, imbuyiselo yakho engcupheni enesisindo kunoma yikuphi iwumkhawulo;
  • kufanele uqonde ukuthi i-venture capital ayiyona impahla ewuketshezi. Lungela ukulinda isikhathi eside. Okungcono nakakhulu, lungele ukusiza ngenkuthalo inkampani ukuthi ikhule futhi ixazulule izinkinga, okuyinto, kholwa yimi, kuzoba nokuningi;
  • zilungiselele ukubamba isikhathi lapho kufanele uzitshele ukuthi "yima" futhi uvumele ukuqalisa kufe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima kangakanani.

Izinyathelo ezinhlanu zokwakha isu lokutshala imali elilungile

Umtshali-zimali omuhle ungowokuqala ukuthola ukufinyelela kunoma yikuphi ukuqalisa ozama ukukhulisa imali, futhi owazi ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu kuzo.

1. Zibekele umgomo wokuba umtshali-zimali omuhle

Umtshali-zimali omuhle yilowo oqalayo eza kuqala, ngaphambi kokuba abonise isethulo sawo kwabanye. Umtshali-zimali omuhle uthenjwa ngabaqalayo kanye nabanye abatshalizimali uma sikhuluma ngesikhwama. Ukuze ube umtshali-zimali omuhle, udinga ukwakha umkhiqizo wakho (owomuntu siqu noma wesikhwama), futhi usiqonde ngokujulile isihloko (okungukuthi, lapho utshala khona).

Kufanele ubone wonke umuntu ofuna ukutshalwa kwezimali kuleso sigaba sokuthuthuka, leso sizinda sezwe kanye nendawo ofuna ukuzibandakanya kuyo. Isibonelo, uma uzotshala imali ekuqaliseni kokuqala nabasunguli baseRussia emkhakheni we I-AI, futhi kuneziqalo ezinjalo ezingama-500 emakethe, umsebenzi wakho ukuthola ukufinyelela kuzo zonke lezi zinkampani ezingama-500. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uhlanganyele ekuxhumaneni kwenethiwekhi - usungule ubudlelwano bokwethembana emphakathini oqalayo futhi usabalalise ulwazi ngawe njengomtshali-zimali kabanzi ngangokunokwenzeka.

Uma ubona ukuqalisa, zibuze umbuzo - ingabe ungowokuqala owafika kuye, noma cha? Uma yebo, kuhle, kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe amaphrojekthi angcono ongawatshala.

Lena yindlela ama-venture funds kanye nabatshalizimali abazimele basebenza ngayo - okokuqala bazakhela uphawu lwabo, bese lolu hlobo lubasebenzela. Yebo, uma unezindawo zokuphuma eziyishumi (phuma, ulethe inkampani esitokofeleni. - Amathrendi we-), futhi zonke zifana ne-Facebook, umugqa uzokuhlela. Ukwakha umkhiqizo ngaphandle kokuphuma okuhle kuyinkinga enkulu. Yize ubungenazo kodwa wonke umuntu owafakile kufanele athi ungumtshali zimali ongcono kakhulu ngoba awutshali ngemali kuphela, kodwa nangezeluleko, ukuxhumana nokunye. Umtshali-zimali omuhle uwumsebenzi oqhubekayo esithunzini sakho esihle. Ukuze wakhe umkhiqizo omuhle, kufanele ube usizo emphakathini. Uma usize zombili izinkampani otshale kuzona kanye nalezo ongazange utshale kuzo, usazoba nesisekelo esihle sokuxhumana futhi uzobuyekezwa kahle. Abangcono kakhulu bazoza kuwe ngemali, ngethemba lokuthi uzokwazi ukubasiza ngendlela osize ngayo abanye.

2. Funda ukuqonda abantu

Uma ukhuluma nabaqalayo (ikakhulukazi uma ibhizinisi labo lisaqala), balandele njengomuntu. Wenzani futhi kanjani, akushoyo, uveza kanjani imibono yakhe. Buza, shayela othisha nabangane bakhe, uqonde ukuthi unqoba kanjani ubunzima. Noma yikuphi ukuqalisa kudlula "endaweni yokufa" - ngisho ne-Google, engakazalwa, yayiyisinyathelo esisodwa kude nokwehluleka. Iqembu eliqinile, elinesibindi, elinezinhliziyo eziqinile, elilungele ukulwa, lingaphelelwa yinhliziyo, livuke ngemva kokunqotshwa, libuthe futhi ligcine amathalenta, lizowina nakanjani.

3. Funda ukuqonda izitayela

Uma ukhuluma nanoma yisiphi isiqalisi noma abatshalizimali baseSilicon Valley, bazosho ukuthi basanda kuba nenhlanhla. Kusho ukuthini inhlanhla? Lokhu akuyona nje into eyenzeka ngengozi, inhlanhla iwumkhuba. Zicabange ungumtshuzi. Ubamba igagasi: uma lilikhulu, iholo liyanda, kodwa kuba nzima kakhulu ukuhlala kulo. Umkhuba igagasi elide. Isibonelo, okuthrendayo ku-COVID-19 kuwumsebenzi okude, ukulethwa, imfundo ye-inthanethi, ukuhweba nge-inthanethi, njll. Abanye abantu babe nenhlanhla nje yokuthi bese bevele bekuleli gagasi, abanye balijoyina ngokushesha.

Kubalulekile ukubamba umkhuba ngesikhathi, futhi ngenxa yalokhu udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ikusasa lizobukeka kanjani. Izinkampani eziningi zambamba esiteji lapho engakabi bucayi ngempela. Isibonelo, ngawo-1980, abatshalizimali bachitha izigidigidi kuma-algorithms afana ne-AI yamanje. Kodwa akwenzekanga lutho. Okokuqala, kwavela ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi kwakusenedatha encane kakhulu efomini ledijithali. Okwesibili, bezingekho izinsiza zesoftware ezanele - akekho obengacabanga ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani namandla ekhompyutha ukucubungula imininingwane enjalo. Ngenkathi i-IBM Watson imenyezelwa ngo-2011 (i-algorithm yokuqala ye-AI emhlabeni. Amathrendi we-), le ndaba yaqala ngoba kwavela izimfuneko ezifanele. Lo mkhuba wawungasekho emiqondweni yabantu, kodwa empilweni yangempela.

Esinye isibonelo esihle i-NVIDIA. Ngawo-1990s, iqembu lonjiniyela laphakamisa ukuthi amakhompiyutha esimanje kanye nokuxhumana kwezithombe kuzodinga isivinini esihluke kakhulu sokucubungula nekhwalithi. Futhi abenzanga iphutha lapho bedala i-graphics processing unit (GPU). Yiqiniso, abakwazanga ngisho nokucabanga ukuthi abaprosesa babo bazocubungula futhi baqeqeshe ama-algorithms wokufunda umshini, bakhiqize ama-bitcoins, nokuthi othile angazama ukwenza imininingwane yokuhlaziya ngisho nokusebenza ngokusekelwe kubo. Kodwa ngisho nendawo eyodwa eqagelwe kahle yayanele.

Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wakho ukubamba igagasi ngesikhathi esifanele futhi endaweni efanele.

4. Funda ukuthola abatshalizimali abasha

Kukhona ihlaya: umsebenzi oyinhloko womtshali-zimali ukuthola umtshali-zimali olandelayo. Inkampani iyakhula, futhi uma une-$100 kuphela, kufanele uthole umuntu ozofaka imali engu-$1 million kuyo. Lona umsebenzi omkhulu futhi obalulekile hhayi owokuqala kuphela, kodwa nakumtshali-zimali. Futhi ungesabi ukutshala imali.

5. Ungatshali imali embi ngemuva kwemali enhle

Ukuqalisa kwesigaba sangaphambi kwesikhathi kukudayisela ikusasa – inkampani ayikabi nalutho, futhi ikusasa kulula ukulidweba futhi kulula ukulihlola nalabo abangaba abatshalizimali. Ungathengi? Khona-ke sizolidweba kabusha ikusasa size sithole umuntu okholelwa kuleli kusasa kangangokuthi uzotshala imali yakhe. Ake sithi ungumtshalizimali. Umsebenzi wakho olandelayo njengomtshali-zimali ukusiza abaqalayo bafeze lelokusasa. Kodwa udinga isikhathi esingakanani ukusekela ukuqalisa? Yisho, ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, imali yaphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele wazi inkampani kahle futhi uhlole iqembu. Ingabe laba bafana bayakwazi ukufeza ikusasa ababekufisele lona?

Iseluleko silula – beka eceleni konke obukwenza ukhohlwe ukuthi yimalini oyitshalile. Bheka le phrojekthi njengokungathi utshala imali kuyo okokuqala ngqa. Chaza zonke izinzuzo nezingozi, ziqhathanise namarekhodi owenze ngaphambi kokutshala imali kwakho kokuqala. Futhi kuphela uma unesifiso sokutshala imali kuleli qembu njengokuqala, faka imali. Uma kungenjalo, musa ukutshala izimali ezintsha - lena yimali embi ngemva kokuhle.

Ungawakhetha kanjani amaphrojekthi ongawatshala

Zama ukutshala imali nabantu abanolwazi - labo asebesiqonda kakade isihloko. Xhumana namaqembu. Cabangela amaphrojekthi amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokungena kweyokuqala oyitholayo. Ungawi ngenxa ye-FOMO (ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa, “ukwesaba ukuphuthelwa okuthile okubalulekile.” — Amathrendi we-) — iziqalo ezethulweni zazo zibhebhezela lokhu kwesaba ngokuphelele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abakukhohlisi, kodwa dala ikusasa ofuna ukukholelwa kulo, futhi ulenze ngobungcweti. Ngakho-ke bakudala ukwesaba kuwe ukuthi uzolahlekelwa okuthile. Kodwa kufanele ukususe.

Bhalisela futhi esiteshini se-Trends Telegram futhi uhlale unolwazi lwakamuva ngezitayela nezibikezelo zamanje mayelana nekusasa lobuchwepheshe, ezomnotho, ezemfundo kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha.

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