Namuhla sizokwethula imisebenzi eminingana yamakhosi avelele wesikhathi esidlule, okusaphila aziwa cishe yiwo wonke umuntu. Itimu iwukudla. Yiqiniso, ezimpilweni ezisekhona zamakhulu eminyaka adlule, izakhi ezingezona imifino nazo ziyaboniswa - izinhlanzi, igeyimu, noma izingxenye zezilwane ezihlatshiwe. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuvunywe ukuthi izimpilo ezinjengalezi azivamile kakhulu - mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi amaseyili apendwe ohlotsheni lwempilo esekhona ayehloselwe ukuhlobisa amakamelo okuhlala, futhi izivakashi kule ndawo ekhaya zazilindele ukubona okuthile okuvumelanayo nokuthula izindonga. Impilo emile enama-apula namapentshisi ingathengiswa ngempumelelo kakhulu kunokuphila okusamile nezinhlanzi. Lokhu kuwukuqagela kwethu nje okuthobekile, kodwa kusekelwe eqinisweni elisobala lokuthi ubuhle bemisebenzi yobuciko engenalo udlame, engathathi hlangothi kanye “emnandi” ibilokhu iheha umphakathi ngokwezinga elikhulu.
Amaciko, abonisa izithelo, amantongomane, amajikijolo nemifino, awazange abambelele emibonweni ye-vegetarianism noma ye-fruarianism - nokho, uhlobo lwempilo olusekhona ngezinye izikhathi lwaluthatha ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi wabo wokudala kwabanye babo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, impilo esekhona ayiyona nje iqoqo lezinto; kuhlale kunezimpawu ezifihliwe kuwo, umqondo othile oqondakalayo kumbukeli ngamunye ngendlela yakhe, ngokuhambisana nombono wakhe wezwe.
Ake siqale ngomsebenzi wenye yezinsika ze-Impressionism Auguste Renoir, owageza emisebeni yenkazimulo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe.
Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Namanje impilo enezithelo zaseningizimu. 1881
Isitayela sokubhala senkosi yesiFulentshi - ethambile ngokungabonakali futhi elula - ingalandelelwa emidwebeni yakhe eminingi. Sihlabeke umxhwele kakhulu ngalo msebenzi wokudla imifino kuphela, obonisa inani elikhulu lezithelo nemifino.
Ekhuluma kanye ngobuciko bokudweba, uRenoir uthe: “Inkululeko enjani? Uzama ukukhuluma ngalokho osekwenziwe izikhathi ezingamakhulu ngaphambi kwakho? Into eyinhloko ukuqeda isakhiwo, ugweme ukulandisa, futhi ngenxa yalokhu khetha into evamile futhi eseduze nawo wonke umuntu, futhi kangcono nakakhulu uma ingekho nhlobo indaba. Ngokombono wethu, lokhu kubonisa ngokunembe kakhulu uhlobo lokuphila namanje.
Paul Cezanne. Iciko elinesiphetho esimangalisayo, elathola ukuqashelwa emphakathini nasemphakathini ochwepheshe kuphela lapho selikhulile. Kwaphela isikhathi eside, uCezanne engaziwa ngabathandi abaningi bokudweba, futhi ozakwabo esitolo babheka imisebenzi yakhe njengengabaza futhi ayifanele ukunakwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imisebenzi ye-impressionists yesimanje - Claude Monet, Renoir, Degas - yathengiswa ngempumelelo. Njengendodana yomuntu osebenza ebhange, uCezanne angaba nekusasa eliqhakazile nelivikelekile - inqobo nje uma ezinikele ekuqhubekeni nebhizinisi likayise. Kodwa ngobizo lwakhe, wayengumdwebi wangempela owazinikela ekudwebeni ngaphandle komkhondo, ngisho nangezikhathi zoshushiso nesizungu esiphelele. Izindawo zaseCezanne - ithafa eliseduze neMount St. Victoria, umgwaqo oya ePontoise nezinye eziningi - manje zihlobisa iminyuziyamu yomhlaba, kuhlanganise. Njengezindawo, ukuphila kukaCezanne kwakuyinto eshisekayo futhi kuyisihloko esiqhubekayo socwaningo lwakhe lokudala. Impilo kaCezanne namanje iyindinganiso yalolu hlobo nomthombo wogqozi kumaciko nama-aesthetes kuze kube yinamuhla.
“Namanje ngisaphila nge-drapery, ujeke nesitsha sezithelo” I-Cezanne ingenye yemisebenzi yobuciko ebiza kakhulu eyake yathengiswa ezindalini zomhlaba.
Ngaphandle kokubulawa kalula, impilo kaCezanne isaqinisekiswa ngokwezibalo, iyavumelana futhi iyamjabulisa umuntu ocabangayo. "Ngizomangaza iParis ngama-apula ami," uCezanne wake watshela umngane wakhe.
U-Paul Cezanne Usaphila Ama-apula nama-Biscuit. 1895
Paul Cezanne. Namanje impilo ngobhasikidi wezithelo. 1880-1890
Paul Cezanne. Kusekhona ukuphila ngehalananda namapheya. 1885-1890
Indalo Vincent van Gogh eguquguqukayo kakhulu. Wasebenza ngokucophelela kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe, wafunda izihloko ezazingathintwa emsebenzini wabanye ochwepheshe bokudweba bangaleso sikhathi. Ezincwadini azibhalela abangani, uchaza ngokuzenzekela kobuntwana ubuhle bezihlahla zomnqumo noma amasimu amagilebhisi, utusa umsebenzi womuntu ovamile osebenza kanzima nomhlwanyeli kakolweni. Izigcawu zempilo yasemaphandleni, izindawo, izithombe kanye, vele, namanje, yizona zindawo eziyinhloko zomsebenzi wakhe. Ubani ongawazi irises Van Gogh? Futhi abadumile basaphila nobhekilanga (amaningi awo awapenda ukuze ajabulise umngane wakhe uPaul Gauguin) asengabonakala emakhadini, emaphosta nasezingqwembeni ezithandwayo zokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi.
Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, umsebenzi wakhe awuthengiswanga; umculi ngokwakhe utshele isigameko esithakazelisayo encwadini eya kumngane. Umnikazi othile wendlu ecebile wavuma “ukuzama” omunye wemidwebo yomdwebi odongeni lwegumbi lakhe lokuphumula. UVan Gogh ujabule ngokuthi izikhwama zemali zibone kufanelekile ukuthi umdwebo wakhe ube ngaphakathi. Umdwebi wanika isicebi umsebenzi wakhe, kodwa akazange acabange ngisho ukukhokhela inkosi ngisho indibilishi, ekholelwa ukuthi kakade wenzela umdwebi umusa omkhulu.
Isithombe sesithelo sikaVan Gogh sasisho okungenani umsebenzi wamasimu azungezile, izimfunda nezimbali zezimbali.
UVincent Van Gogh. Ubhasikidi namawolintshi ayisithupha. 1888
UVincent Van Gogh. Namanje ukuphila nama-apula, ithini lamapheya, ulamula namagilebhisi. 1887
Ngezansi sethula isithombe sikaVan Gogh esipendwe umngane wakhe, umdwebi ovelele. Paul Gauguin, abasebenze naye isikhathi esithile ezintweni ezisekhona namanje. Ikhanvasi ibonisa u-Van Gogh kanye nobhekilanga, njengoba u-Gauguin ababonile, bezinza eduze komngane ukuze benze ucwaningo oluhlanganyelwe.
Paul Gauguin. Isithombe sikaVincent van Gogh ependa ubhekilanga. 1888
Ukuphila kukaPaul Gauguin akukuningi kakhulu, kodwa futhi wayethanda lolu hlobo lokudweba. Ngokuvamile, uGauguin wenza imidwebo yohlobo oluxubile, ehlanganisa impilo esekhona nengaphakathi kanye nesithombe.
Paul Gauguin. Namanje impilo nge fan. 1889
UGauguin uvumile ukuthi upenda usaphila lapho ezizwa ekhathele. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi umculi akazange akhe izingoma, kodwa, njengomthetho, wapenda ngekhanda.
Paul Gauguin. Impilo isekhona ngetiye nezithelo. 1896
Paul Gauguin. Izimbali nesitsha sezithelo. 1894
Paul Gauguin. Namanje impilo ngamapentshisi. 1889
Henri Matisse – umculi omangalisayo, owadunyiswa ngu-SI Schukin. I-philanthropist yaseMoscow kanye nomqoqi bahlobisa indlu yakhe ngemidwebo engavamile futhi engacacile ngokuphelele kaMatisse futhi wanika umculi ithuba lokuzibandakanya ngokuthula ekudaleni, engakhathazeki ngesimo sakhe sezezimali. Ngenxa yalokhu kusekelwa, udumo lwangempela lwafika kunkosi eyaziwa kancane. UMatisse wadala kancane, ngokuzindla kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuqaphela kakhulu wenza lula imisebenzi yakhe ezingeni lomdwebo wengane. Wayekholelwa ukuthi umbukeli, ekhathele ukukhathazeka kwansuku zonke, kufanele agxilise endaweni evumelanayo yokuzindla, eqhubekela phambili ekukhathazekeni nasekukhathazekeni. Emisebenzini yakhe, umuntu angabona ngokucacile isifiso sokusondela ekuhlanzekeni kwemizwa, umuzwa wobunye nemvelo kanye nokulula kokuqala kokuba khona.
U-Henri Matisse. Isaphila ngezimbali uphayinaphu nolamula
Ukuphila kukaMatisse kuphinde kufakazele umbono wokuthi umsebenzi womdwebi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo noma isiqondiso asebenza kuso, ukuvusa umuzwa wobuhle kumuntu, ukumenza azizwe ejulile emhlabeni, esebenzisa okulula, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho " amasu ezithombe zezingane.
U-Henri Matisse. Namanje ukuphila namawolintshi. 1913
Noma kunjalo impilo ingenye yentando yeningi yombono kanye nohlobo oluthandwa kakhulu lokudweba kwabaningi. AT
Siyabonga ngokunaka kwakho!