Ngo-1962, usosayensi waseMelika u-L. Hayflick waguqula umkhakha webhayoloji yamangqamuzana ngokudala umqondo wama-telomere, owaziwa ngokuthi umkhawulo we-Hayflick. NgokukaHayflick, isikhathi esiphezulu (okungenzeka) sokuphila komuntu yiminyaka eyikhulu namashumi amabili - lesi yisikhathi lapho amangqamuzana amaningi kakhulu engasakwazi ukuhlukana, futhi into ephilayo iyafa.
Indlela izakhi ezithinta ngayo ubude be-telomere iwukudla okuthinta i-telomerase, i-enzyme enezela ukuphindaphinda kwe-telomeric emaphethelweni e-DNA.
Izinkulungwane zezifundo zinikelwe ku-telomerase. Baziwa ngokugcina ukuzinza kwe-genomic, ukuvimbela ukwenziwa kusebenze okungafunwa kwezindlela zokulimala kwe-DNA, nokulawula ukuguga kwamaseli.
Ngo-1984, u-Elizabeth Blackburn, uprofesa we-biochemistry kanye ne-biophysics e-University of California e-San Francisco, wathola ukuthi i-enzyme telomerase yayikwazi ukunweba ama-telomere ngokuhlanganisa i-DNA evela ku-primer ye-RNA. Ngo-2009, uBlackburn, uCarol Greider, noJack Szostak bathola uMklomelo KaNobel kuPhysiology noma Medicine ngokuthola ukuthi ama-telomere ne-enzyme telomerase avikela kanjani ama-chromosome.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ulwazi lwama-telomere luzosinika ithuba lokwandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphila. Ngokwemvelo, abacwaningi bathuthukisa imithi yalolu hlobo, kodwa kunobufakazi obuningi bokuthi indlela yokuphila elula nokudla okufanele nakho kuyasebenza.
Lokhu kuhle, ngoba ama-telomere amafushane ayingozi - awaholeli ekufeni kuphela, kodwa nasezifweni eziningi.
Ngakho, ukufinyezwa kwama-telomere kuhlotshaniswa nezifo, uhlu lwazo olunikezwa ngezansi. Ucwaningo lwezilwane luye lwabonisa ukuthi izifo eziningi zingaqedwa ngokubuyisela ukusebenza kwe-telomerase. Lokhu ukumelana okuncishisiwe kwamasosha omzimba ezifweni, bese uthayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-XNUMX, kanye nokulimala kwe-atherosclerotic, kanye nezifo ze-neurodeergenerative, testicular, splenic, atrophy yamathumbu.
Ucwaningo olukhulayo lubonisa ukuthi imisoco ethile idlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni ubude be-telomere futhi inomthelela omkhulu ekuphileni isikhathi eside, okuhlanganisa i-iron, amafutha e-omega-3, namavithamini E no-C, i-vitamin D3, i-zinc, i-vitamin B12.
Ngezansi incazelo yezinye zalezi zakhi.
I-Astaxanthin
I-Astaxanthin inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokulwa nokuvuvukala futhi ivikela ngempumelelo i-DNA. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi iyakwazi ukuvikela i-DNA emonakalweni obangelwa imisebe ye-gamma. I-Astaxanthin inezici eziningi ezihlukile eziyenza ibe yinhlanganisela evelele.
Isibonelo, iyi-oxidizing carotenoid enamandla kunazo zonke ekwazi "ukugeza" ama-radicals mahhala: i-astaxanthin isebenza ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-65 kune-vitamin C, izikhathi ezingu-54 isebenza ngaphezu kwe-beta-carotene, futhi isebenza izikhathi ezingu-14 kune-vitamin E. I-550 izikhathi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu kunovithamini E, futhi zisebenza ngokuphindwe ka-11 kune-beta-carotene ekunciphiseni umoya-mpilo we-singlet.
I-Astaxanthin yeqa kokubili umgoqo wegazi-ubuchopho kanye negazi-retinal (i-beta-carotene kanye ne-carotenoid lycopene azikwazi lokhu), ukuze ubuchopho, amehlo kanye nesistimu yezinzwa emaphakathi zithole ukuvikeleka kwe-antioxidant ne-anti-inflammatory.
Enye impahla ehlukanisa i-astaxanthin kwamanye ama-carotenoid ukuthi ayikwazi ukusebenza njenge-prooxidant. Ama-antioxidants amaningi asebenza njengama-pro-oxidants (okungukuthi, aqala uku-oxidize esikhundleni sokulwa ne-oxidation). Kodwa-ke, i-astaxanthin, noma ngamanani amakhulu, ayisebenzi njenge-oxidizing.
Okokugcina, enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-astaxanthin yikhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokuvikela lonke ingqamuzana ekubhujisweni: zombili izingxenye zayo ezincibilika emanzini nezincibilika ngamafutha. Amanye ama-antioxidants athinta ingxenye eyodwa kuphela noma enye. Izici zomzimba ezihlukile ze-Astaxanthin ziyivumela ukuthi ihlale kulwelwesi lwamaseli, ivikela nengaphakathi leseli.
Umthombo omuhle kakhulu we-astaxanthin i-alga Haematococcus pluvialis encane, emila eziqhingini zaseSweden. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-astaxanthin iqukethe ama-blueberries amadala amahle.
I-Ubiquinol
I-Ubiquinol iwuhlobo oluncishisiwe lwe-ubiquinone. Eqinisweni, i-ubiquinol iyi-ubiquinone enamathisele i-molecule ye-hydrogen kuyo ngokwayo. Itholakala ku-broccoli, iparsley namawolintshi.
Ukudla Okuvutshiwe/Ama-Probiotics
Kuyacaca ukuthi ukudla okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi ukudla okugayiwe kwenza kube mfushane isikhathi sokuphila. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ezizukulwaneni ezizayo, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo eziningi kanye nokuphazamiseka kokusebenza okuholela ezifweni kungenzeka - ngenxa yokuthi isizukulwane samanje sisebenzisa ukudla okwenziwayo nokucubungula.
Ingxenye yenkinga ukuthi ukudla okugayiwe, okulayishwe ushukela namakhemikhali, kuyaphumelela ekubhubhiseni i-microflora yamathumbu. I-microflora ithinta amasosha omzimba, okuyisimiso sokuzivikela semvelo somzimba. Ama-antibiotics, ingcindezi, ama-sweeteners okwenziwa, amanzi ane-chlorinated, nezinye izinto eziningi nazo zinciphisa inani lama-probiotics emathunjini, okwenza umzimba ube nezifo nokuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokufanelekile, ukudla kufanele kufake ukudla okutshalwe ngokwesiko nokuvutshiwe.
I-Vitamin K2
Le vithamini ingaba “omunye uvithamini D” njengoba ucwaningo lubonisa izinzuzo eziningi zezempilo zevithamini. Abantu abaningi bathola amanani anele kavithamini K2 (ngoba uhlanganiswa umzimba emathunjini amancane) ukuze kugcinwe igazi lijiya lisezingeni elanele, kodwa leli nani alanele ukuvikela umzimba ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo. Ngokwesibonelo, ucwaningo lweminyaka yamuva lubonisa ukuthi uvithamini K2 angase avikele umzimba kumdlavuza wendlala yesinye. I-Vitamin K2 nayo inenzuzo empilweni yenhliziyo. Iqukethwe obisini, isoya (ngobuningi - nge-natto).
magnesium
I-Magnesium idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kabusha kwe-DNA, ukubuyiselwa kwayo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-ribonucleic acid. Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium yesikhathi eside kubangela ama-telomeres afushanisiwe emizimbeni yamagundane kanye nesiko lamaseli. Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium ion kuthinta kabi impilo yezakhi zofuzo. Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium kunciphisa amandla omzimba okulungisa i-DNA eyonakele futhi kubangela ukungahambi kahle kuma-chromosome. Ngokuvamile, i-magnesium ithinta ubude be-telomere, njengoba ihlotshaniswa nempilo ye-DNA kanye nekhono layo lokuzilungisa, futhi yandisa ukumelana komzimba nokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative nokuvuvukala. Itholakala kusipinashi, i-asparagus, i-wheat bran, amantongomane nembewu, ubhontshisi, ama-apula aluhlaza kanye nolethisi, nopelepele omnandi.
Polyphenols
Ama-Polyphenols ama-antioxidants anamandla anganciphisa inqubo.