Okuqukethwe
Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi ingane inomkhuhlane, kodwa azikho izimpawu ze-SARS, umkhuhlane (umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela, ubuthakathaka, ukuhlanza ngokuvamile), futhi azikho ezinye izikhalazo. Kodwa abazali basaqala ukwethuka futhi banikeze ingane i-antipyretic. Sixoxa nodokotela wezingane u-Evgeny Timakov lapho kubalulekile ukunaka izinga lokushisa eliphezulu enganeni ngaphandle kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane, nalapho kungenangqondo.
“Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele ikhunjulwe ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomntwana liwukusabela komzimba ohlotsheni oluthile lwesikhuthazo,” kusho. udokotela wezingane u-Evgeny Timakov. - Lokhu kungase kube ukusabela kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni kumagciwane nama-bacterium, isimiso sezinzwa ukuze sivukele ngokweqile, ukusabela ebuhlungu, kuhlanganise naphakathi namazinyo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokushaya phansi noma yikuphi ukushisa ngama-antipyretics, sivimbela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ekulweni namagciwane namagciwane futhi sikhiqize amasosha omzimba. Okungukuthi, senza buthaka amasosha omzimba.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kungani ingane inokushisa okuphezulu futhi ibone imbangela. Futhi udokotela kuphela ongasungula ukuxilongwa ngemva kokuhlola ingane. Kodwa noma yikuphi ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa enganeni kudinga ukubonisana nodokotela wezingane, ngoba. Abazali abangenalwazi bangaphuthelwa yizinqubo ezibucayi - kusukela ku-SARS evamile engabonakali kuya ekuvuvukeni okukhulu kwezinso.
Kuze kube unyaka owodwa nengxenye
Ezinsaneni, nasezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala, i-thermoregulation yomzimba ayikasungulwa. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa lehla emntwaneni kusuka ku-36,3 kuya ku-37,5 degrees liyinhlobonhlobo evamile, inqobo nje uma izinga lokushisa lehla lodwa, futhi akukho lutho olukhathaza ingane. Kodwa lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka liphakeme futhi liphikelela usuku lonke, kuba kubi kakhulu.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zemfiva:
Ukushisa ngokweqile
Awukwazi ukugoqa izingane kakhulu, ngoba namanje azikwazi ukujuluka, ngakho zishesha zishise kakhulu. Futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu efulethini nalo libi.
Odokotela bezingane bayeluleka ukugcina izinga lokushisa efulethini lingekho ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-20, khona-ke umntwana uzokhululeka. Vumela ingane yakho iphuze amanzi angenalutho kaningi, hhayi ubisi lukamama kuphela. Futhi ungakhohlwa ukugeza umoya ngezikhathi ezithile, uwabeke enqunu ku-diaper - lokhu kokubili kuyinqubo yokupholisa nokuqina ngesikhathi esisodwa.
i-teething
Ezinganeni, lesi sikhathi siqala cishe ezinyangeni ezine. Uma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lihambisana nama-whims, ukukhala, ukukhathazeka, ngokuvamile ukuthungatha amathe, khona-ke amazinyo angase aqale ukuqhuma. Ngezinye izikhathi izingane zisabela emazinyweni ngekhala eligijima kanye noshintsho esitulweni (siba uketshezi futhi sibe namanzi). Kunzima kakhulu ukubona izinsini ezivuvukele nezibomvu. Lokhu kunganqunywa kuphela udokotela wezingane onolwazi.
Ukubonana nodokotela kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba lezi zimpawu zingabuye zihambisane nenqubo yokuvuvukala emlonyeni (i-stomatitis, i-thrush, nomphimbo obuhlungu nje).
Ezikhathini eziningi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme ngesikhathi sokuncela amazinyo livela ezinyangeni eziyisi-6 kuye kweziyi-12, lapho kuvela ama-incisors, futhi eminyakeni eyi-1,5 lapho kuqhuma ama-molars. Khona-ke izinga lokushisa lingakhuphukela ku-39 degrees. Ngezinsuku ezinjalo, izingane azilali kahle, ngokuvamile ziyenqaba ukudla.
Izinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokuncela amazinyo kufanele lehliswe kuye ngokuthi isimo somntwana sinjani. Isibonelo, izinga lokushisa alikho phezulu (cishe ama-37,3 degrees), kodwa ingane iyakhala, igangile kakhulu, ngakho-ke udinga ukunikeza amaphilisi ezinhlungu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izingane zisabela ngomoya ophansi emazingeni okushisa nangaphezulu.
Ngokuvamile izinga lokushisa ngenxa yamazinyo lingahlala kusukela osukwini olulodwa kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Ngemva kokuphuma kwezinyo, liyozihambela lodwa.
Kungcono kakhulu kulezi zinsuku ukuthi ungafaki ingane ngokweqile, ngokuvamile ifake esifubeni, ibambe. Ungavuli umculo ophezulu, mnike ukulala okwengeziwe. Qinisekisa ukugcina umbuso wokushisa (hhayi ngaphezu kuka +20 ekamelweni). Gqokisa ingane yakho izingubo ezixegayo ezingavimbeli ukunyakaza. Kunconywa, lapho izinga lokushisa liphakanyisiwe, ukushiya umntwana ngaphandle kwe-diaper ukuze isikhumba siphefumule futhi kungabikho ukushisa. Futhi-ke izinga lokushisa lizokwehla ngaphandle kwemithi.
KUBALULEKILE!
Ukuphazamiseka kwezinso
ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kosuku, ayilawulwa kabi ngama-antipyretics, noma ivuka ngokushesha ngemva kokuphuza imithi.
Kubaluleke kakhulu uma ngesikhathi esifanayo umntwana ekhala njalo, ekhafula ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, ehlanza, ehlala elele.
"Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhipha izifo zomchamo ezinganeni ezingenazimpawu," kuxwayisa udokotela wezingane u-Yevgeny Timakov. - Ukuphazamiseka kwe-asymptomatic ekusebenzeni kwezinso, okuhambisana nomkhuhlane kuphela, kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, ekushiseni, ngincoma ukuthatha ukuhlolwa komchamo jikelele, okungatshela udokotela okuningi.
Kusukela eminyakeni engama-2 6 kuya phezulu
Aphinde amazinyo
Amazinyo engane angase aqhubeke eqhuma kuze kube yiminyaka engu-2,5-3. Lapho eneminyaka engaba neminyaka eyodwa nesigamu ubudala, ama-molar aqala ukugqashuka. Bona, njengama-fangs, banganikeza izinga lokushisa eliphakeme elifinyelela ku-39 degrees.
Okufanele ukwenze, usuyazi kakade - ungakhathazeki, phuza kakhulu, ududuze futhi uhlale uhamba-ze.
Ukusabela kokugoma
Ingane ingasabela kunoma yikuphi ukugoma ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, futhi kunoma iyiphi iminyaka - kokubili ezinyangeni ezingu-6 neminyaka engu-6. Futhi lokhu ukusabela okubikezelwayo komzimba, okudlula phakathi nosuku olulodwa kuya kwezine. Ngokuvumelana nodokotela wezingane, unganikeza ingane i-antipyretic ne-antihistamine. Into eyinhloko ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukuxubha ngamanzi afudumele nokuphumula.
"Izingane zisabela ngendlela ehlukile ekugomeni, ezinye zingase zibe nokushisa okuphezulu, ezinye zingase zibe nokusabela okuqinile endaweni yomjovo, kanti ezinye ngeke ziwubone nhlobo ukugoma," kuxwayisa u-Yevgeny Timakov. - Kunoma yikuphi, uma ubona ukwephulwa kokuziphatha kwengane (i-whims, i-lethargy), izinga lokushisa - qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela.
Ukungezwani komzimba
Ngemuva konyaka owodwa, izingane zivame ukunikezwa ukudla okuhlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi ama-tangerines namajikijolo ngaphandle kwenkathi (May no-April strawberries), lapho zingasabela khona ngokusabela okunamandla kwe-allergic ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa. Kungaba futhi isifo samathumbu.
Njengomthetho, ngemva kwamahora ambalwa izinga lokushisa ligxuma, ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwesikhumba kubonakala - ukuqubuka, ukuvuvukala, ingane ishaya futhi igangile. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukhumbula ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okunike ingane ekugcineni, okungenzeka kube nokusabela. Ukuze unciphise izimpawu, nikeza i-sorbent, i-antihistamine. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela! Ngoba ukusabela kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokungezwani komzimba kungase kuhambisane nokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-6
Ukungavikeleki kwengane eneminyaka eyisikhombisa, uma eya enkulisa, njengomthetho, sekuvele kwakhiwe ngempela - ujwayele izifo eziningi, ugonywe. Ngakho-ke, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa enganeni ngemva kweminyaka eyisikhombisa kungaba kokubili ezimweni ezingenhla kanye nasezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane anamandla okuphefumula (ezinye izimpawu ngesimo sekhala eligijimayo nokukhwehlela zingavela kamuva kakhulu, ngokuvamile ngosuku olulandelayo), nge amagciwane emathunjini, noma ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo kanye nokuchichima kokucindezeleka. Yebo, ukucindezeleka noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, injabulo enkulu ingabangela izinga lokushisa libe ngu-38 degrees.
Ngakho-ke umthetho wokuqala wehlisa umoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kokubili abazali nezingane. Bese uqiniseka ukuthi unquma izimbangela zokushisa.
KUBALULEKILE!
Ukuphazamiseka kwezinso
Uma izinso zengane zingasebenzi kahle, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lingakhuphukela kuma-degree angu-37,5 ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezihambisana ne-SARS. Ingabambelela izinsuku ezimbalwa, bese igxumela ngokucijile iye ku-39 degrees, yehle futhi iye ku-37,5 bese igxuma futhi.
Uma ubona ukuthi azikho izimpawu ze-SARS, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wezingane ukuze akunikeze i-ultrasound yezinso nokunye ukuhlolwa.
Indlela yokwehlisa izinga lokushisa kwengane ekhaya
- Thola imbangela yamazinga okushisa (amazinyo, i-allergies, njll.)
- Uma wena ngokwakho ungakwazi ukunquma imbangela, ukuhlolwa kukadokotela kuyimpoqo.
- Uma imbangela ingukutheleleka, ungakhohlwa ukuthi umkhuhlane uvuselela ukuzivikela kwengane, ukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies ukubhubhisa amagciwane namagciwane. Kungesikhathi sokushisa okuphakeme lapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-interferon, okudingekayo ukulwa namagciwane amaningi, kuhlanganise nomkhuhlane, kwanda. Uma ngalesi sikhathi sinikeza ingane i-antipyretic, khona-ke sizobangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasosha omzimba. Futhi ngemva kwesikhashana, umntwana angaba mubi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lokushisa lomntwana lingeqi ku-38,4 degrees, unganikezi noma yiziphi izidakamizwa ze-antipyretic, inqobo nje uma ingane izizwa ijwayelekile, ikhuthele futhi ijabule kakhulu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi ukukhumula ingane, usule yonke imiphetho yomzimba ngamanzi afudumele, ikakhulukazi isifunda se-inguinal, amakhwapha. Kodwa hhayi i-vodka noma uviniga! Izingane zinesikhumba esincane kakhulu futhi asikho isendlalelo sokuzivikela, utshwala bungangena ngokushesha kuma-capillaries futhi uzovusa ubuthi botshwala. Sula ingane ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa bese ushiya ukuze "ipholile" ngaphandle kokumboza noma ukugoqa. Lesi seluleko sisebenza ezinganeni zabo bonke ubudala - into eyinhloko ukuthi umzimba ungazipholisa.
- Ama-Antipyretics angakwazi futhi kufanele anikezwe uma izinga lokushisa linganciphi, kodwa likhuphuka kuphela. Khona-ke unganikeza ibuprofen noma izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-paracetamol. Hhayi nje i-acetylsalicylic acid! Uma ingane inomkhuhlane, khona-ke i-aspirin ayivunyelwe ngoba inciphisa igazi futhi ingabangela ukopha kwangaphakathi.
- Kuyadingeka ukubiza udokotela uma izinga lokushisa lihlala isikhathi eside, cishe alinciphi ngemva kokuthatha izidakamizwa. Ingane iba yi-lethargic futhi iphaphathekile, inezinye izimpawu - ukuhlanza, ikhala eligijimayo, indle evulekile. Kuze kube yilapho udokotela efika, udinga ukuqhubeka nokusula ingane ngamanzi afudumele, unikeze iziphuzo ezifudumele kakhulu.
Ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo zingenzeka nge-vasospasm enzima (lapho izandla nezinyawo zengane kubanda njengeqhwa, kodwa izinga lokushisa liphezulu) kanye nama-chills aqinile. Khona-ke udokotela ubeka izidakamizwa ezihlangene (hhayi kuphela ama-antipyretics). Kodwa udokotela wezingane kuphela ongabancoma.