Okuqukethwe
I-Bonitos, i-bonitos, i-pollocks iyingxenye yomndeni we-mackerel. Ngokubukeka, le nhlanzi ifana ne-tuna. Kuyinhlanzi efunda esikoleni ekhula ibe nkulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Ezinye izinhlobo zifinyelela ubude obuyi-180 cm (bonito yase-Australia). Ngokuyisisekelo, izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo zingaba ngu-5 - 7 kg ngesisindo nobude, cishe ngama-70-80 m. Umzimba umise okwe-spindle, ucindezelwe kancane ukusuka emaceleni. Izikole zezinhlanzi ziningi futhi zihleleke kahle. Kunzima kakhulu ngezilwane ezidla ezinye ukuhlukanisa iqembu lamabhoni. Izinhlanzi zikhetha ukuhlala emanzini angaphezulu, ukujula okuyinhloko kufika ku-100 - 200 m. Indawo yokuhlala eyinhloko indawo yeshalofu yezwekazi. Bona ngokwabo bayizilwane ezidlayo; ngaphezu kwama-squid, izimfanzi kanye nezilwane ezincane ezingenamgogodla, zidla izinhlanzi ezincane. I-Bonitos iwuhlobo olukhula ngokushesha, ngokusho kweminye imibiko, izinhlanzi zingazuza ku-500 g ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Ukudla kungase kuhlanganise nentsha yakhona. I-genus ihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana. Zihlukaniswe ngokwezifunda, ngaphezu kwe-bonito yase-Australia ebizwa ngokuthi, i-Chilean ne-Oriental nazo zaziwa. I-Atlantic noma i-bonito evamile (bonito) ihlala e-Atlantic.
Izindlela zokubamba i-bonito
Izindlela zokubamba i-bonito zihluke kakhulu. Ngokwezinga elikhulu, zihlotshaniswa nokudoba ogwini noma endaweni yogu kusuka ezikebheni. I-Bonito ibanjwe ngamandla emanzini aseRussia oLwandle Olumnyama, ngakho abadobi bendawo baye bahlakulela izindlela zabo zendabuko zokubamba le nhlanzi. Phakathi kwezinto ezithandwayo yilezi: ukudoba ngezicucu zokuphotha, “umashiqela” nezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokudobela ukudla okuzenzela, ukudoba impukane, nokudoba “izinhlanzi ezifile”. Kuyaphawuleka lapha ukuthi ukubamba i-bonito, abadobi baseRussia basebenzisa imishini yasekuqaleni, isibonelo, "ngokhokho". Ikakhulukazi, ingxenye enkulu, i-Black Sea bonito yizinhlanzi eziphakathi nendawo, futhi zibanjwa ngezinduku zokudoba ezintantayo ukusuka ogwini.
Ukubamba i-bonito ngokuphotha
Uma ukhetha ukudoba ngokudoba nge-classic spinning, lapho udoba nge-bonito, kuhle ukuthi uqhubeke nomgomo othi "usayizi we-bait - usayizi we-trophy". Ukwengeza, okuhamba phambili kufanele kube indlela - "olwandle" noma "ukudoba ogwini". Imikhumbi yasolwandle ikulungele kakhulu ukudoba ukuphotha kunasuka ogwini, kodwa kungase kube nemingcele lapha. Lapho ubamba i-Black Sea bonito "serious" gear yasolwandle ayidingeki. Nakuba kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ngisho nezinhlanzi ezisezingeni eliphakathi zimelana ngokuqinile futhi lokhu kunikeza injabulo enkulu kubadobi. Ama-Bonitos ahlala ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zamanzi, ngakho-ke, ukudoba ngezicucu zakudala kuthakazelisa kakhulu izinduku zokuphotha ezivela ezikebheni zasolwandle: ama-spinner, ama-wobblers, njalonjalo. Ama-reels kufanele abe nokutholakala okuhle kwentambo yokudoba noma intambo. Ngaphandle kwe-braking system engenazinkinga, ikhoyili kufanele ivikelwe emanzini anosawoti. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini yokudoba olwandle, izintambo ezisheshayo ziyadingeka, okusho isilinganiso esiphezulu segiya lomshini wokusonga. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, amakhoyili angaba kokubili kokuphindaphinda futhi angabi ne-inertial. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, izinduku zikhethwa ngokuya ngesistimu ye-reel. Ukukhethwa kwezinduku kuhluke kakhulu, okwamanje abakhiqizi banikeza inombolo enkulu "yezikhala" ezikhethekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene zokudoba kanye nezinhlobo ze-bait. Uma udoba ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle eziphothayo, indlela yokudoba ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ukhethe i-wiring efanele, kuyadingeka ukuthintana nabadobi abanolwazi noma abaqondisi.
Ukubamba i-bonito "kumashiqela"
Ukudoba "umashiqela", naphezu kwegama, okusobala ukuthi livela eRussia, kusakazeke kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa abadobi emhlabeni wonke. Kukhona umehluko omncane wesifunda, kodwa isimiso sokudoba siyefana yonke indawo. Futhi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-rigs uhlobene nobukhulu benyamazane. Ekuqaleni, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izinduku akuzange kunikezwe. Inani elithile lentambo lilinyazwa ku-reel yokuma okungahleliwe, kuye ngokujula kokudoba, kungaba amamitha angamakhulu amaningana. I-sinker enesisindo esifanele esingafika ku-400 g ilungiswa ekugcineni, ngezinye izikhathi nge-loop ngezansi ukuze kuvikeleke i-leash eyengeziwe. Ama-leashes agxiliwe entanjeni, ngokuvamile, ngenani lezicucu ezingaba ngu-10-15. Umthofu ungenziwa ngezinto zokwakha, kuye ngokuthi okuhlosiwe ukubamba. Kungaba i-monofilament noma impahla yokuhola yensimbi noma ucingo. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi izinhlanzi zasolwandle “azinasici” ebukhulu bemishini, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa ama-monofilaments aqinile (0.5-0.6 mm). Mayelana nezingxenye zensimbi zemishini, ikakhulukazi izingwegwe, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele zimbozwe nge-anti-corrosion coating, ngoba amanzi olwandle agqwala izinsimbi ngokushesha okukhulu. Enguqulweni "yakudala", "umashiqela" ufakwe izinti ezinezimpaphe ezinemibala enamathiselwe, izintambo zoboya noma izingcezu zezinto zokwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spinners amancane, ubuhlalu obumisiwe ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlalu, njll. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, lapho uxhuma izingxenye zemishini, ama-swivel ahlukahlukene, izindandatho, nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwe-tackle, kodwa kungalimaza ukuqina kwayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, ezibizayo. Emikhumbini eyisipesheli yokudoba “kumashiqela”, kungase kuhlinzekwe amathuluzi akhethekile angaphakathi ebhodini emishini yokudoba. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu lapho udoba ekujuleni okukhulu. Uma ukudoba kwenzeka eqhweni noma esikebheni, emigqeni emincane, khona-ke ama-reels ajwayelekile anele, angasebenza njengezinduku ezimfushane. Kunoma yikuphi, lapho ulungiselela i-tackle yokudoba, i-leitmotif eyinhloko kufanele ibe lula futhi ibe lula ngesikhathi sokudoba. "I-Samodur", ebizwa nangokuthi imishini ye-multi-hook isebenzisa i-nozzle yemvelo. Umgomo wokudoba ulula kakhulu, ngemva kokwehlisa i-siker endaweni eqondile ukuze ifinyelele ekujuleni okunqunywe kusengaphambili, umlobi wezinhlanzi wenza ama-twitches wokudonsa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokomgomo wokuphazima okuqondile. Endabeni yokulunywa okusebenzayo, lokhu, ngezinye izikhathi, akudingekile. "Ukuhlaliswa" kwezinhlanzi ezingwegweni kungenzeka lapho wehlisa izinto zokusebenza noma ekujikeni komkhumbi.
Amahubo
I-Bonitos - i-bonito, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, i-voracious, nakuba izidla ezincane. Ukudoba okuhlukahlukene kusetshenziselwa ukudoba, ikakhulukazi, ama-wobblers, ama-spinner, ukulingiswa kwe-silicone asetshenziselwa ukudoba ukuphotha. Kusuka ku-bait yemvelo, ukusikwa kwezinhlanzi nenyama ye-shellfish, ama-crustaceans nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Lapho bebamba i-bonito encane, uma kubhekwa ukuhaha kwayo, abadobi bendawo be-Black Sea nabo basebenzisa izithiyo zemifino, isibonelo, ngendlela yenhlama. Ngokuvamile, ukubamba le nhlanzi kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa namacala ahlekisayo lapho i-bonito encane ilengiswe emigodini yezingwegwe ezine-candy foil.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Ama-Bonito ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, ezishisayo nezipholile ku-World Ocean. I-bonito ye-Atlantic ihlala kokubili eMedithera naseLwandle Olumnyama. Ihlala ekujuleni okungashoni kakhulu endaweni esogwini. Ibhekwa njengenhlanzi ebalulekile yokuhweba.
Ukuzalela
Izinhlanzi ziphila iminyaka engaba ngu-5. Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-1-2. Ukuzala kwenzeka ezingqimbeni ezingaphezulu ze-pelargic zone. Isikhathi sokuzala sinwetshwa kuzo zonke izinyanga zasehlobo. Ukuzala kuyahlukaniswa, insikazi ngayinye ingabekela amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ngesikhathi sokuzala.