I-femoral nerve, noma i-crural nerve, inikeza ukuphumula ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zethanga, i-hip, nedolo.

Isikhundla. Imizwa yabesifazane itholakala esiswini nasesilungwini esingezansi.

Ukwakheka. I-femoral nerve iyinzwa enkulu kunazo zonke evela ku-lumbar plexus. Yakhiwe ngemicu yezinzwa kanye ne-motor nerve fibers evela ku-lumbar vertebrae yomgogodla, i-L2 kuya ku-L4 (1).

Origin. I-femoral nerve ivela esiswini, ezingeni le-psoas enkulu yemisipha (1).

Indlela. I-femoral nerve inweba futhi yehle ngemuva nangaseceleni iye ezingeni lebhande le-pelvic.

Amagatsha. I-femoral nerve ihlukana ibe amagatsha amaningana (2):

• Amagatsha emoto ahloselwe imisipha yengxenye yangaphambili yethanga, kanye namajoyinti e-hip namadolo (1).
• Amagatsha azwelayo noma ama-cutaneous ahloselwe isikhumba sobuso bangaphambili naphakathi kwethanga, kanye nobuso obuphakathi bomlenze, idolo nonyawo.

Ukupheliswa. Ukuphela kwenerve ye-femoral yilezi (2):

• I-nerve saphenous engafaki ingaphakathi lesikhumba somlenze, unyawo kanye nesinqe, kanye nokuhlangana kwamadolo.
• I-medial femoral isikhumba semizwa esivimba ingaphakathi lesikhumba sangaphakathi naphakathi
• I-motor nerve yemisipha yethanga eyenza innervate imisipha ye-pectineal, iliac, sartorius, ne-femoral quadriceps.

Ukudluliswa kuyazwela. Amagatsha azwelayo we-femoral nerve enza kube nokwenzeka ukudlulisa imibono ehlukene ezwakala esikhumbeni ukuya entanjeni yomgogodla.

Ukudluliswa kweDrayivu. Amagatsha e-motor we-femoral nerve asebenza ekuguquguqukeni kwethanga kanye nemisipha yamadolo e-extensor (2).

Izinkinga ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene ne-femoral nerve zibizwa ngokuthi i-cruralgia. Lezi zingabonakaliswa ngobuhlungu obukhulu emathangeni, emadolweni, emilenzeni nasezinyaweni. Izimbangela zabo zihlukahlukene kodwa ikakhulukazi zingaba ngemvelaphi ewohlokayo.

I-Degenerative pathologies. Ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene angaholela ekuwohlokeni okuqhubekayo kwezakhi zamaselula. I-osteoarthritis ibonakala ngokuguga kwe-cartilage evikela amathambo amalunga. (3) I-disc ye-herniated ihambelana nokuxoshwa ngemuva kwe-nucleus yediski ye-intervertebral, ngokugqoka kokugcina. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni imizwa yomgogodla icindezele futhi ifinyelele ku-femoral nerve (4).

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha. Ngokuya nge-pathology etholakele, ukwelashwa okuhlukile kungabekwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.

Ukwelapha okuhlinzwa. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwe-pathology olutholakele, kungahlinzwa.

• I-arthroscopy. Le ndlela yokuhlinza ivumela ukuthi amalunga abhekwe futhi ahlinzwe.

Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo ezithile zokuzivocavoca, kungabekwa njenge-physiotherapy noma i-physiotherapy.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba. Okokuqala, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuze kugcinwe futhi kuhlolwe izimpawu ezibonwa yisiguli.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha. Ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, i-CT noma i-MRI kungasetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa noma ukujulisa ukuxilongwa.

I-Cruralgie. Lezi zinhlungu ezihlobene ne-femoral nerve zibizwa ngegama elidala elithi "crural nerve".

I-Patellar reflex. Ihlotshaniswa ne-patella, ihambelana ngokunembile ne-reflex ye-patellar tendon. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngudokotela, i-patellar reflex yenza kube nokwenzeka ikakhulukazi ukugqamisa ukulimala kwezinzwa. Isiguli sibekwe endaweni ehlezi imilenze ilenga. Udokotela ube esethinta isando ku-kneecap. Lokhu kushaqeka kuvuselela izintambo zezinzwa zomsila we-quadriceps ozovumela ukudluliselwa kolwazi emthonjeni womgogodla nge-nerve ye-femoral. Lapho ubhekene nokwethuka, imisipha ye-quadriceps ingavuma futhi ibangele ukuba umlenze unwebeke. Uma kungekho ukusabela okwenzekayo, ukuhlolwa kungase kuphakamise ukuba khona kokulimala kwezinzwa (1).