Ukondla ama-strawberries ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ama-strawberries asengadini (ama-strawberries) adinga ukugqoka okuphezulu oku-3 ngesizini ngayinye: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - nge-nitrogen, ekuqaleni kuka-August - nge-phosphorus, kodwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza idinga ukugqoka okuphezulu okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ungawondla kanjani ama-strawberries ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwakudala okunconywe ochwepheshe bezolimo namahlathi yi-nitrophoska: 1 tbsp. ukhezo for 10 amalitha amanzi. Umanyolo kumele ugoqwe kahle ukuze uhlakazeke ngokuphelele, bese unisela ama-strawberries ngaphansi kwempande. Okujwayelekile - ibhakede elingu-1 (10 l) ku-1 sq.

I-Nitrophoska iqukethe u-11% we-nitrogen, u-10% we-phosphorus kanye no-11% we-potassium - okungukuthi, zonke izakhi eziyinhloko eziqinisekisa ukukhula, ukuqhakaza okusebenzayo kanye nezithelo. Futhi ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenhlabathi (2).

Eqinisweni, lokhu kugqoka okuphezulu kwanele kuma-strawberries, kodwa izakhamuzi zasehlobo zivame ukuzondla ngokungeziwe.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi umanyolo kufanele ube yinkimbinkimbi ngokunembile. Kuyingozi ukusebenzisa i-nitrogen ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile ngaphansi kwama-strawberries. Amafomu amaminerali alesi sici akuvumela ukuthi ukhule amajikijolo amakhulu, kodwa ukunambitheka kwawo kuba kubi kakhulu. Kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, umanyolo we-nitrogen wamaminerali uholela ekuqongeleleni ama-nitrate ezitshalweni (1).

I-Boric acid

I-Boron iyi-micronutrient. Kudingeka ama-strawberries ekukhuleni okujwayelekile nokuthuthuka, kodwa kuncane kakhulu okudingekayo.

- Njengomthetho, lesi sici sanele emhlabathini, izitshalo azivamile ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwayo, - kusho isazi sezolimo namahlathi uSvetlana Mihailova. Kodwa kunenhlabathi lapho eyindlala khona. Isibonelo, i-sod-podzolic nehlathi. Kune-boron encane enhlabathini enesihlabathi - igezwa ngokushesha isuke lapho. Kuzo, ukugqoka okuphezulu nge-boric acid ngeke kube okungadingekile.

Ama-Strawberries anikezwa i-boron ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - ivuselela ukwakheka kwezimbali, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isivuno siyakhula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar okuphumelelayo kakhulu nge-boron, okungukuthi, uma befafaza ama-strawberry emaqabunga. Kodwa! I-Boron iyisici esinobuthi kakhulu, inezici ze-carcinogenic, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ingangeni emzimbeni ngezithelo. Futhi lokhu akulula, ngoba uma ukweqisa ngokugxilisa ingqondo, ngokuqinisekile kuzoqoqwa kuma-strawberries. Mayelana nalokhu, kuphephe kakhulu ukondla empandeni - isitshalo ngeke sithathe i-boron eyengeziwe emhlabathini. Nokho, umphumela wezingubo ezinjalo uphansi.

Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-boron lapho kufakwa umquba ngaphansi kwempande limi kanje: 5 g (1 ithisipuni) ye-boric acid ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Kumele ichithwe emanzini, okungcono kufudumele, bese uphuzisa izitshalo - amalitha angu-10 nge-1 sq.

Ukuze uthole ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-foliar, i-5 g ye-boron ihlanjululwa ngamalitha angu-20 amanzi, okungukuthi, ukugxila kufanele kube ngaphansi izikhathi ezi-2 kunalapho unisela.

Imvubelo

Kunezingxabano eziqhubekayo mayelana nokondla ama-strawberries ngemvubelo: othile ubheka ukuthi kusebenza kahle, othile akasho lutho.

Ayikho idatha yesayensi ngomphumela wemvubelo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukeni kwezitshalo, kanye nesivuno. Ayikho incwadi yereferensi engathi sína encoma ukugqoka okuphezulu okunjalo.

Singasho nakanjani ukuthi imvubelo ayiwona umanyolo - kunalokho iyisengezo sokudla ezitshalweni. Kukholakala ukuthi zikhuthaza ukukhula kwezinambuzane zomhlabathi futhi zizisize zibole ngokushesha izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo. Kodwa-ke, imvubelo ngokwayo, ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ithatha i-potassium ne-calcium eningi emhlabathini, ngakho-ke ingalimaza - inhlabathi iyancipha ngokushesha kakhulu. Okungukuthi, eqinisweni, imvubelo babe izimbangi izitshalo for umsoco.

Kodwa uma usenesifiso sokuhlola, kubalulekile ukukhumbula: imvubelo ingafakwa kuphela kanye ne-organic matter kanye nomlotha - lawa ma-fertilizer azosiza ukubuyisela ukuntuleka kwezinto.

Iresiphi yendabuko yokuphakela imvubelo ibukeka kanje: 1 kg yemvubelo (fresh) ngamalitha ama-5 amanzi - kudingeka ihlanganiswe kahle ukuze ichitheke ngokuphelele. Ama-strawberries kufanele aphuziswe ngesilinganiso samalitha angu-0,5 esihlahleni ngasinye.

Ash

Umlotha ungumanyolo wemvelo oqukethe ama-macronutrients amabili amakhulu: i-potassium ne-phosphorus.

- Ezinkunini ze-birch kanye ne-pine, isibonelo, i-10 - 12% ye-potassium ne-4 - 6% ye-phosphorus, - kusho isazi sezolimo namahlathi uSvetlana Mikhailova. – Lezi izinkomba ezinhle kakhulu. Futhi ama-strawberries avele asabela ku-potassium ne-phosphorus - anesibopho sokuqhakaza kanye nokwakhiwa kwezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, umlotha wama-strawberries ungumanyolo omuhle kakhulu.

Umlotha usetshenziswa kangcono ngaphansi kwezitshalo, cishe i-1 handful ngesihlahla ngasinye - kufanele uhlakazeke ngokulinganayo phezu komhlabathi, bese unisela.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Siphendule imibuzo mayelana nokuphakela ama-strawberry ngesikhathi sokuthela isazi sezolimo namahlathi uSvetlana Mikhailova.

Imithombo ye

1. Ngaphansi kokusabela kukaTarasenko MT Strawberries (okuhunyushwe kusuka esiNgisini) // M .: Indlu yokushicilela izincwadi zakwamanye amazwe, 1957 - 84 p.
2. Mineev VG Agrochemistry. Incwadi (uhlelo lwe-2, olubuyekeziwe futhi lwandiswa) // M.: I-MGU Publishing House, i-KolosS Publishing House, i-2004.- 720 p.