Iphasika ngo-2023

I-Easter iyiholide lobuKristu elidala futhi elibaluleke kakhulu, umkhosi wokuVuka kukaJesu Kristu, umcimbi oyisikhungo sawo wonke umlando weBhayibheli.

Umlando awukasidluliseli usuku oluqondile lokuvuka kweNkosi, siyazi kuphela ukuthi kwakusentwasahlobo lapho amaJuda egubha iPhasika. Kodwa-ke, amaKristu awakwazanga ukuzibamba ukugubha umcimbi omkhulu kangaka, ngakho-ke ngo-325, eMkhandlwini wokuqala we-Ecumenical eNicaea, indaba yosuku lwePhasika yaxazululwa. Ngomthetho womkhandlu, kwakufanele ugujwe ngeSonto lokuqala ngemva kwenkathi yasentwasahlobo nenyanga egcwele, ngemva kokuba sekudlule isonto eligcwele kusukela ngePhasika lamaJuda leTestamente Elidala. Ngakho-ke, i-Easter yobuKristu iyiholide "ehambayo" - phakathi nesikhathi kusukela ngoMashi 22 kuya ku-Ephreli 25 (kusukela ngo-Ephreli 4 kuya kuMeyi 8, ngokusho kwesitayela esisha). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, usuku lokugubha phakathi kwamaKatolika nama-Orthodox, njengomthetho, aluhambisani. Encazelweni yabo, kunokungezwani okuqubuke kusukela ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX ngemuva kokwethulwa kwekhalenda likaGregory. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlangana koMlilo Ongcwele ngosuku lwePhasika lama-Orthodox kusikisela ukuthi uMkhandlu waseNicene wenze isinqumo esifanele.

Ingakanani idethi ye-Orthodox Easter ngo-2023

Ama-Orthodox anoVuko Olungcwele lukaKristu ngonyaka ka-2023 Ama-akhawunti ngo-Ephreli 16. Kukholakala ukuthi leli yiPhasika lokuqala. Indlela elula yokunquma usuku lweholide ukusebenzisa i-Alexandrian Paschalia, ikhalenda elikhethekile lapho imakwa khona iminyaka eminingi ezayo. Kodwa ungakwazi futhi ukubala isikhathi se-Easter ngokwakho, uma wazi ukuthi umkhosi uza ngemva kwe-spring equinox ngo-March 20, kanye nangemva kwenyanga yokuqala egcwele elandela yona. Futhi-ke, iholide liwela ngeSonto.

Amakholwa ama-Orthodox aqala ukulungiselela iPhasika amasonto ayisikhombisa ngaphambi kovuko olukhanyayo lukaKristu, angena eGreat Lent. Ukuvuka KukaKrestu Ezweni Lethu kwakuhlale kuhlangatshezwana naye ethempelini. Izinkonzo zaphezulu ziqala ngaphambi kwamabili, futhi phakathi kwamabili, ama-Easter matin aqala.

Sithethelelwe, sisindisiwe futhi sihlengiwe - uKristu uvukile! - kusho uHieromartyr uSeraphim (Chichagov) entshumayelweni yakhe yePhasika. Konke kushiwo kula mazwi amabili. Ukholo lwethu, ithemba lethu, uthando, ukuphila kobuKristu, konke ukuhlakanipha kwethu, ukukhanyiselwa, iBandla Elingcwele, umthandazo osuka enhliziyweni kanye nekusasa lethu lonke kusekelwe kukho. Ngala mazwi amabili, zonke izinhlekelele zomuntu, ukufa, ububi kuyabhujiswa, futhi ukuphila, injabulo nenkululeko kuyanikezwa! Yeka amandla ayisimangaliso! Kungenzeka yini ukukhathala ukuphinda: UKristu Uvukile! Singakhathala yini ukuzwa ukuthi: UKristu Uvukile!

Amaqanda enkukhu apendiwe angenye yezakhi zesidlo sePhasika, uphawu lokuphila kabusha. Esinye isidlo sibizwa ngokufana neholide - i-Easter. Lokhu ukunambitheka kwe-curd okufakwe omisiwe, amabhilikosi omisiwe noma izithelo zikaswidi, ezinikezwa etafuleni ngesimo sephiramidi, elihlotshiswe ngezinhlamvu "XB". Leli fomu linqunywa inkumbulo ye-Holy Sepulcher, lapho ukukhanya kovuko lukaKristu kwakhanya khona. Isithunywa setafula sesithathu seholide yikhekhe le-Easter, uhlobo lophawu lokunqoba kwamaKristu kanye nokusondelana kwabo noMsindisi. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukukhumula inzilo, kuyisiko ukungcwelisa zonke lezi zitsha emasontweni ngoMgqibelo Omkhulu nangesikhathi senkonzo yePhasika.

Iluphi usuku lwePhasika lamaKhatholika ngo-2023

Emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, iPhasika lamaKatolika lalinqunywa ngokuhambisana nePaschalia eyakhiwe e-Alexandria. Kwakusekelwe emjikelezweni weLanga weminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye, usuku lwe-equinox ye-vernal kuwo nawo aluzange luguqulwe - ngo-March 21. Futhi lesi simo sezindaba sasikhona kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-1582, kuze kube yilapho umpristi uChristopher Clavius ​​​​ephakamisa elinye ikhalenda enquma iPhasika. UPapa uGregory XIII ukugunyazile, kwathi ngo-XNUMX amaKatolika ashintshela ekhalendeni elisha - likaGregory. ISonto LaseMpumalanga lalahla i-innovation - AmaKristu angama-Orthodox anakho konke njengangaphambili, ngokuhambisana nekhalenda likaJulian.

Kwanqunywa ukushintshela kusitayela esisha sokubala Ezweni Lethu kuphela ngemva kwenguquko, ngo-1918, bese kuba sezingeni likahulumeni kuphela. Ngakho, sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amane amasonto obu-Orthodox namaKatolika egubha ama-Easter ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene. Kwenzeka ukuthi ziqondane futhi umkhosi ugujwa ngosuku olufanayo, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka (isibonelo, ukuhlangana okunjalo kwePhasika lamaKatolika nama-Orthodox kwakusanda kwenzeka - ngo-2017).

В 2023 ngonyaka AmaKatolika agubha i-Easter 9 April. Cishe njalo, i-Easter yamaKatolika igujwa kuqala, futhi ngemva kwalokho - i-Orthodox.

Amasiko amaPhasika

Ngokwesiko lama-Orthodox, i-Easter iyiholide elibaluleke kakhulu (kuyinkathi amaKatolika namaProthestani ehlonipha uKhisimusi kakhulu). Futhi lokhu kungokwemvelo, ngoba yonke ingqikithi yobuKristu ilele ekufeni nasekuvukeni kukaKristu, emhlatshelweni Wakhe ohlawulela izono zaso sonke isintu kanye nothando lwakhe olukhulu ngabantu.

Ngemva nje kobusuku bePhasika, iSonto Elingcwele liyaqala. Izinsuku ezikhethekile zokukhulekela, lapho inkonzo yenziwa ngokoMthetho wePhasika. Amahora ePhasika ayenziwa, kuculwe izingoma zemikhosi: “UKristu uvukile kwabafileyo, unyathela phansi ukufa ngokufa futhi enikeza ukuphila kulabo abasemathuneni.”

Amasango e-altare avuliwe isonto lonke, njengokungathi uwuphawu lwesimemo somkhosi omkhulu wesonto wabo bonke abezayo. Umhlobiso wethempeli laseKhalvari (isiphambano sokhuni ngobukhulu bemvelo) kushintsha kusukela ekulileni okumnyama kuya emikhosini emhlophe.

Lezi zinsuku akukho ukuzila, amalungiselelo esidlo esiyinhloko - Isidlo sikhululekile. Nganoma yiluphi usuku lweSonto Elikhanyayo, umKristu angaya eChalice.

Amakholwa amaningi afakaza ngesimo esikhethekile sokuthandaza ngalezi zinsuku ezingcwele. Lapho umphefumulo ugcwele injabulo emangalisayo enomusa. Kuze kunenkolelo yokuthi labo ababehlonishwe ukufa ngezinsuku zePhasika baya eZulwini, bedlula izivivinyo zomoya, ngoba amademoni awanamandla ngalesi sikhathi.

Kusukela ngePhasika kuze kufike eKuphakameni kweNkosi, ngesikhathi sezinkonzo akukho mthandazo wokuguqa nokuguqa.

Ngobusuku bangaphambi kwe-Antipascha, amasango e-altare avaliwe, kodwa izinkonzo zemikhosi zihlala kuze kube yi-Ascension, egujwa ngosuku lwama-40 ngemva kwePhasika. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, ama-Orthodox abingelelana ngenjabulo: “UKristu Uvusiwe!”

Futhi ngobusuku bangaphambi kwePhasika, isimangaliso esikhulu sezwe lobuKristu senzeka - ukwehla koMlilo oNgcwele eThuneni Elingcwele eJerusalema. Isimangaliso abaningi abaye bazama ukusibekela inselele noma ukufunda ngokwesayensi. Isimangaliso esifaka enhliziyweni yawo wonke amakholwa ithemba lensindiso nokuphila okuphakade.

Izwi kumpristi

Ubaba u-Igor Silchenkov, uRector weSonto Lokuncenga leTheotokos eNgcwele (isigodi saseRybachye, e-Alushta) ithi: “I-Easter iholidi lamaholide nokugubha imikhosi, isenzakalo esibaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wesintu. Ngenxa yokuVuka kukaKristu, akusekho ukufa, kodwa ukuphila okuphakade, okungapheli komphefumulo womuntu. Futhi zonke izikweletu zethu, izono kanye nokuthukwa zithethelelwe, ngenxa yokuhlupheka kweNkosi yethu esiphambanweni. Futhi thina, ngenxa yamasakramente okuvuma izono nesidlo, sihlale sivuswa kanye noKristu! Sisaphila lapha emhlabeni, izinhliziyo zethu zishaya, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubi noma kuyisono kangakanani kithi, kodwa sesifikile ethempelini, sivuselela umphefumulo, ovuka ngokuphindaphindiwe, wenyuka usuka emhlabeni uye eZulwini, usuka esihogweni. embusweni weZulu, ekuphileni okuphakade . Futhi sisize, Nkosi, ukuba sihlale sigcina ukuVuka kwakho ezinhliziyweni nasezimpilweni zethu futhi singalokothi silahlekelwe yinhliziyo nokuphelelwa ithemba ngensindiso yethu!”