I-Doberman iyinja ephakathi nendawo, enomzimba oyisikwele, onamandla futhi onemisipha. Unemihlathi enamandla kanye nogebhezi lwekhanda oluqinile olunamadlebe amancane amile. Ibukeka kahle futhi iyaziqhenya ngokuphakama ekubuneni kuka-68 kuya ku-72 cm kwabesilisa kanye no-63 kuya ku-68 cm kwabesifazane. Umsila wayo uphakeme futhi uqondile futhi ijazi layo lifushane, liqinile futhi liqinile. Ingubo yakhe ihlale imnyama noma insundu. Izitho nemilenze kahle perpendicular phansi.

I-Doberman ihlukaniswa yi-Fédération Cynologiques Internationale phakathi kwe-Pinscher ne-Schnauzer. (1)

UDoberman ungowokudabuka eJalimane, futhi uqamba igama lakhe kuLouis Dobermann de Apolda, umthelisi, owayefuna inja emaphakathi ekwazi ukuba yimboni enhle futhi abe ngumngane omuhle. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi cishe ngo-1890, wahlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zezinja ukuze enze "i-Doberman Pinscher".

Kusukela lapho abakwaDoberman bebevame ukusetshenziswa njengezinja ezigadayo nokuvikela umhlambi, kodwa futhi njengezinja zamaphoyisa, okubenze baqanjwa ngokuthi "inja ye-gendarme".

Phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili, zazisetshenziswa njengezinja zempi yibutho laseMelika futhi zabonakala ziwusizo ikakhulukazi phakathi nezimpi zasePacific ikakhulukazi esiqhingini saseGuam. Kusukela ngo-1994, kulesi siqhingi kuye kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo ukuhlonipha abakwaDoberman ababulawa izingxabano zasehlobo lika-1944. "Uthembekile Njalo" : qotho njalo.

I-Doberman Pinscher yaziwa ngokuba nomdlandla, iqaphile, inesibindi, futhi iyalalela. Ulungele ukukhala uma ebona ingozi kuqala, kodwa futhi unothando ngokwemvelo. Iyinja eqotho futhi inamathela kalula ezinganeni.

Uyalalela ngokwemvelo futhi kulula ukuziqeqesha, nakuba enolaka oluqinile.

I-Doberman iyinja enempilo uma kuqhathaniswa, ngokocwaningo lwe-Purebred Dog Health lwe-UK Kennel Club lwango-2014, cishe ingxenye yezilwane ezihloliwe ayizange ithintwe yisimo esithile. Izimbangela zokufa eziphambili kwakuyi-cardiomyopathy kanye nomdlavuza (uhlobo olungacacisiwe). (3)

Njengezinye izinja ezifuywayo, zijwayele ukuthuthukisa izifo zofuzo. Lokhu kubandakanya i-dilated cardiomyopathy, isifo sika-Von Willebrand, i-panostitis kanye ne-Wobbler's syndrome. (3-5)

Ukuqina kwenhliziyo

I-Dilated cardiomyopathy yisifo semisipha yenhliziyo esibonakala ngokwanda kobukhulu be-ventricle kanye nokuncipha kwezindonga ze-myocardium. Ngokungeziwe kulo monakalo we-anatomical, ukungavamile kwenkontileka kuyengezwa.

Cishe eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kweyisi-6, izimpawu zokuqala zomtholampilo ziyavela futhi inja iba nokukhwehlela, i-dyspnea, i-anorexia, i-ascites, noma i-syncope.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokuhlolwa komtholampilo kanye ne-auscultation yenhliziyo. Ukuze ubone ngeso lengqondo ukukhubazeka kwe-ventricular futhi uqaphele ukuphazamiseka kwenkontileka, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-x-ray yesifuba, i-EKG noma i-echocardiography.

Lesi sifo sibangela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo yesokunxele bese idlulela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo kwesokudla. Ihambisana ne-ascites kanye ne-pleural effusion. Ukusinda akuvamile ukuba kudlule izinyanga eziyisi-6 kuye kwezingama-24 ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. (4-5)

Isifo sikaVon Willebrand

Isifo iVon Willebrand yisifo sofuzo esithinta ukujiya kwegazi futhi ikakhulukazi isici seVon Willebrand esisusa kuso igama laso. Yisimo esivame kakhulu sokungajwayelekile kwe-coagulation ezinjeni.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene (I, II kanye no-III) kanti i-Dobermans ivame ukuthinteka kakhulu uhlobo I. Yilona oluvame kakhulu futhi olubucayi kakhulu. Kulokhu, i-von Willebrand factor iyasebenza, kodwa yehla.

Izimpawu zomtholampilo ziqondisa ukuxilonga: ukwanda kwesikhathi sokuphulukiswa, ukopha kanye nokugaya noma ukopha komchamo. Bese-ke ukuhlolwa okujule kakhulu kunquma isikhathi sokopha, isikhathi sokujiya nenani le-Von Willebrand factor egazini.

Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile, kodwa kungenzeka ukunikeza imithi yokwelapha ehluka ngokuya ngohlobo I, II noma III. (2)

La PanosteÌ ?? into

I-Panosteiitis yisimo esingavamile ekwandeni kwamangqamuzana amathambo abizwa ngokuthi ama-osteoblasts. Kuthinta izihloko ezikhulayo futhi kuthinta amathambo amade, njenge-humerus, i-radius, i-ulna ne-femur.

Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngokuxhuga kungazelelwe futhi okwesikhashana, ukushintsha indawo. Ukuxilongwa kubucayi ngoba ukuhlasela kuvela kwesinye isitho kuya kwesinye. I-x-ray yembula izindawo ze-hyperossification engxenyeni ephakathi yamathambo futhi ubuhlungu bubonakala ekushayeni kwezindawo ezithintekile.

Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukukhawulela ubuhlungu ngezidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala futhi izimpawu zixazululwa ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala bezinyanga eziyi-18.

I-Wobbler's syndrome

I-Wobbler's syndrome noma i-caudal cervical spondylomyelopathy wukonakala komgogodla womlomo wesibeletho okubangela ukucindezelwa komgogodla. Lokhu kucindezela kubangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwemilenze, ukuwa noma izinkinga zokuhamba kanye nobuhlungu beqolo.

I-x-ray inganikeza inkomba yokulimala komgogodla, kepha yi-myelography engathola indawo yengcindezi entanjeni yomgogodla. Akwenzeki ukwelapha lesi sifo, kodwa imithi nokufaka insimbi yokubopha intamo kungasiza ukubuyisela inja ukunethezeka.

Uhlobo ludinga ukuzivocavoca njalo, futhi ludinga ukuzilungisa okuncane kakhulu kwengubo yalo emfushane.