Okuqukethwe
Incazelo
I-cocktail (eng. umsila weqhude - umsila weqhude) - isiphuzo esenziwe ngokuxuba iziphuzo ezinotshwala ezahlukahlukene. Okokuqala, umthamo we-cocktail eyodwa awudluli kuma-250 ml. Okwesibili, iresiphi ye-cocktail isho ngokucacile ubukhulu bezinto. Ukwephula ubukhulu kungalimaza isiphuzo ngokungenakulungiswa noma kuholele ekwakhiweni kwefomu laso elisha.
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala ngale cocktail kwaqala ngo-1806 ku- “Balance” yaseNew York. Bashicilele udaba olumayelana neBanquet ukuhlonipha ukhetho. Kukhombisa uhlu lweziphuzo zamabhodlela, kufaka phakathi amamiksi otshwala.
Umlando
Abanye bathi kuvela i-cocktail, ejwayelekile eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-200 eyedlule. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithako ezingeqi kwezinhlanu kuphathe izethameli nabahlanganyeli ngemuva kwempi ephumelele. Kwakungekho ingilazi ekhethekile ye-cocktail ngaleso sikhathi, futhi abantu babenza ngezibuko zokuxuba eziphakeme. Izithako zalaba baphakeli beziphuzo ezilethwa emigqonyeni yamapulangwe futhi bese zivele zifakwe emabhodleleni emabhodleleni engilazi, ebezisebenzisa kaninginingi.
Ngo-1862, kwanyatheliswa okokuqala umhlahlandlela ka-bartender wenza ama-cocktails “i-Bon Vivant's Companion noma i-How To Mix.” Umbhali wencwadi kwakunguJerry Thomas. Waba yiphayona ebhizinisini lokudla. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abadayisi baqale ukurekhoda izindlela zokupheka kwabo, bakha izindlela ezintsha. Kwabanye, le Ncwadi Isiphenduke ibhayibheli lezinkomba nezinga lokuziphatha kukabartender. Izikhungo zokuphuza ezinokukhethwa okuhlukahlukene kwama-cocktails zaqala ukuvulwa ngokukhulu ukushesha.
Ngekhulu le-19, ngokufika kukagesi kube ukuguqulwa kokukhiqizwa kwama-cocktails. Ekuhlomiseni, imigoqo yayisebenzisa imishini efana ne-ice-generator, ama-compressors wokufaka amanzi emanzini, kanye nabaxube.
Ama-Cocktails, asuselwa kuziphuzo ezidakayo abazenza kakhulu nge-whisky, gin, noma i-rum, abasebenzisa i-tequila ne-vodka. Njengokuswidi nokuthambisa ukunambitheka kwezithako, basebenzisa ubisi, ugologo, noju. Futhi, iziphuzo ezingezona utshwala zivame ukufaka ubisi olusezingeni eliphansi kanye namajusi emvelo.
Ezinye izinhlobo
Inganekwane yesibili ithi ngekhulu le-15 eFrance, esifundazweni saseCharente, amawayini, nemimoya kwase kuxubile, kubizwa ingxube ngokuthi i-coquetelle (koktel). Kusukela kulokhu kamuva, i-cocktail uqobo yavela.
Inganekwane yesithathu isitshela ukuthi i-cocktail yokuqala ivele eNgilandi. Futhi igama ngokwalo libolekwe kwisichazamazwi sabathandi bomjaho. Babiza amahhashi angcolile, lawo anegazi elixubekile, igama lesidlaliso leqhude ngenxa yemisila yalo eyayiphume ngaphandle njengeqhude.
Kunezindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokwenza ama-cocktails:
- ihlinzekwa ngqo engilazini;
- engilazini yokuxuba;
- nge shaker;
- ku-blender.
Ngokuya ngohlaka, lezi ziphuzo zihlukaniswa zibe yizidakwa nezingewona utshwala.
Eziphuzweni ezidakayo, kunokuhlukaniswa kwabo kube ngamaqoqo ama-cocktails: i-aperitif, i-digestif, nesiphuzo eside. Kepha amanye ama-cocktails awahambelani nalesi sigaba futhi yiziphuzo ezimele zodwa. Mayelana nokuduma okukhulayo kweziphuzo ezixubekile ezitholakala eqenjini elihlukile leziphuzo, i-flip, i-punch, i-cobbler, ingilazi ye-highball, i-julep, i-Collins, iziphuzo ezi-layered, i-sour, ne-eggnog.
Izinzuzo zama-cocktails
Okokuqala, inani elikhulu lezakhiwo eziwusizo linama-cocktails angewona ophuzo oludakayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje zithandwa kakhulu, okuthiwa ama-cocktails oksijini. Banesakhiwo esifana nogwebu ngokwengeza izithako zemvelo njengokukhishwa kwelayisensi. Ukunothisa i-oksijeni kwenzeka kusetshenziswa amadivayisi wezobuchwepheshe: i-oxygen cocktaler, i-mixer, netshe, exhunywe ethangini le-oxygen. Ukulungisa ama-400 ml ale cocktail, udinga ama-100 ml we-base (yemvelo, amajusi wezithelo ezintsha, iziphuzo zezithelo, ubisi), 2 g we-ejenti yokushaya, kanye nokuxhuma kwe-oxygen mixer.
Ukuthola isisu ngogwebu, i-oksijini ingena ngokushesha egazini, isabalale emzimbeni wonke, futhi yondle wonke amaseli. Le cocktail ihlela izinqubo zomzimba zomzimba, isheshisa ukusabela kokuncipha kwe-oxidation kumaseli, ithuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi nokugcwala kwegazi kuma-capillaries amancane, futhi ivuselele amasosha omzimba. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izakhi zomzimba ezigaywe kabili zenza isisekelo se-cocktail.
Kunconywa ukuthi kudliwe la ma-cocktails wabesifazane abakhulelwe, abasubathi, abantu abahlala emadolobheni ezimboni nasemadolobheni anamazinga aphakeme emadolobheni, i-hypoxia engapheli, izifo zomgudu wamathumbu, uhlelo lwezinhliziyo, ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokukhathala okungapheli.
Ekuphetheni, ama-cocktails avela kwizithelo ezintsha, amajikijolo, nemifino yizona eziwusizo kakhulu emzimbeni. Ngaphandle kwamavithamini namaminerali, acebile nge-fiber, ethuthukisa umgudu wokugaya ukudla futhi yenze izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni zijwayele. Iqukethe nezinto ezithuthukisa amasosha akho omzimba, isekela ibhalansi ye-PH, futhi ivuselele ukushisa kwamafutha omzimba.
Ubungozi bama-cocktails nokuphikisana
Okokuqala, iziphuzo ezidakayo akufanele zisebenzise abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abahlengikazi, izingane, nabantu abanenkinga yohlelo lwezinzwa. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo ngokweqile kungaholela ekufakeni ubuthi otshwaleni. Ukusetshenziswa okuhlelekile kuholela ekuthembekeni kotshwala.
Okwesibili, ama-cocktails e-oxygen ayaphikiswa kubantu abanezifo ezinjengamatshe enyongo namatshe ezinso, i-hyperthermia, i-asthma, nokwehluleka ukuphefumula.
Sengiphetha, ngenkathi ulungiselela ama-cocktails ezinhlobonhlobo zamajusi neziphuzo zezithelo, kufanele ucabangele i-Allergy emikhiqizweni.
