Okuqukethwe
I-Cholecystitis iyinqubo yokuvuvukala ku-gallbladder, evame ukucasulwa ukutheleleka kwesitho nge-microflora yamathumbu ngokumelene nesizinda sokwephulwa kokuphuma kwe-bile ngokusebenzisa i-cystic duct evalekile. I-Cholecystitis ngokuvamile iyinkinga ye-cholelithiasis. I-gallbladder itholakala eduze kwesibindi futhi ibandakanyeka kakhulu ekugayweni kokudla. I-Bile iphuma emathunjini amancane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinkinga zokuphuma futhi i-bile iqoqa ku-gallbladder, okuholela ebuhlungu obukhulu kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yokutheleleka.
Njengomthetho, lesi sifo senzeka ngokuhambisana ne-cholangitis - ukuvuvukala kwe-bile ducts. I-Cholecystitis iyisifo esivamile sokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi nabadala - bagula izikhathi ezintathu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili ngaphezu kontanga besilisa.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuthambekela kobulili ku-cholecystitis:
Ukucindezelwa okungapheli kwe-gallbladder ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubangela imiphumela yesikhathi eside - ukungalingani kwe-cholesterol ne-bile acid, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuqina kwe-bile;
Izici ze-hormonal metabolism yabesifazane - kufakazelwe ukuthi i-progesterone, ekhiqizwa ngobuningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuya esikhathini, namanye ama-hormone ocansi wesifazane athinta kabi ukusebenza kwe-gallbladder;
Abesifazane bavame ukuthanda ukudla okudliwayo, futhi imikhawulo eqinile yokudla iphazamisa ukuhamba (ukunqanda) kwe-gallbladder.
Iqembu lezingcuphe, ngokunganaki ubulili neminyaka, lihlanganisa abantu abake baba nalokhu:
Ukutheleleka kwamathumbu kanye / noma kwesibindi;
Izifo ze-Parasitic (ukuhlasela kwe-helminthic ne-protozoal, indawo emile noma kwesinye sezigaba zokukhula emathunjini kanye / noma isibindi);
Isifo se-Gallstone (GSD) ngokuvinjwa (ukuvinjwa) komlomo wesibeletho kanye / noma ukulimala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila enyongo;
Izifo eziphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi ezindongeni ze-gallbladder.
Ukuxhumana kwe-reflex phakathi kwe-pathologies ye-gallbladder kanye nezitho zesisu ezingahlobene ne-anatomically kuye kwafakazelwa - lezi yizinto ezibizwa ngokuthi i-viscero-visceral reflexes. Zonke lezi zimbangela ezingenhla ze-cholecystitis zibangelwa noma ukwephulwa kwe-patency (ukuvinjelwa) kwe-gallbladder, noma ukwephulwa kwe-motility yayo (dyskinesia).
Ngokwesisekelo se-etiological, amaqembu amabili amakhulu we-nosological we-cholecystitis ahlukaniswa:
I-Calculous (lat. Calculus - itshe);
I-Noncalculous (engenamatshe).
Izimpawu ze-cholecystitis
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-cholecystitis zivame ukuvela izinhlungu ezibukhali ohlangothini lwesokudla ngaphansi kwezimbamboezivela ngokungalindelekile. Isizathu salokhu yitshe elivimba umgudu we-cystic. Ngenxa yalokho, ukucasuka nokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder kukhula.
Ubuhlungu buhamba ngemva kwesikhathi esithile bubodwa noma ngemva kokuthatha ama-painkillers, kodwa esikhathini esizayo bukhula kancane kancane, bese buba njalo. Kukhona ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, okuhambisana nokushisa okukhulu, ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu. Isimo sesiguli siyaqhubeka nokuba sibi.
Ivimba ukugeleza kwe-bile okujwayelekile emathunjini, uphawu lwaso umbala we-icteric wesikhumba kanye ne-eye sclera. Izimfuneko ze-jaundice wukuba khona kwamatshe avimba imigudu yenyongo. Ubukhulu be-pathogenesis bubonakala ngokushaya kwenhliziyo kwesiguli: ngokuvamile izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lisukela emashumini ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwekhulu namashumi amabili - ukushaya kwekhulu namashumi amathathu ngomzuzu (noma ngisho nangaphezulu), okuwuphawu olubucayi, okusho ukuthi izinguquko eziyingozi zenzeke. emzimbeni.
Ngokuqondene nefomu elingapheli le-cholecystitis, izimpawu zingase zingabonakali ikakhulukazi, esikhathini esizayo lesi sifo singase sizizwe ngendlela ethuthuke kakhulu noma sithathe ifomu elibi. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kuphela esikhungweni sezokwelapha esikhethekile kuzogwema ukuwohloka kwesimo.
Isicanucanu nge cholecystitis – uphawu oluvamile. Isicanucanu yisimo esivame ukwandulela i-gag reflex. Kwezinye izimo, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuyindlela evikela umzimba ekudakweni. Nge-cholecystitis, isicanucanu nokuhlanza kuhlale kuyingxenye ye-pathogenesis yesifo.
I-nausea ku-cholecystitis kufanele ihlukaniswe nezimpawu ezifanayo kwezinye izifo kanye ne-pathologies:
Uhudo (uhudo) nge cholecystitis kubonwa kaningi. Isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa yizimpawu ezingaguquki zezifo zepheshana lesisu, kufaka phakathi i-cholecystitis. Ukuvela okungazelelwe kwe-stool disorder ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-cholecystitis kubonisa inkambo eyinkimbinkimbi yesifo.
Izinkinga ze-cholecystitis
Izimbangela zalesi sifo zingahluka kakhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile i-cholecystitis ivela ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamatshe emgodini we-cystic, umzimba kanye nentamo ye-gallbladder, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi i-bile iphume. Isizathu singase sibe uhlobo oluthile lokulimala noma ukutheleleka, kanye nokuba khona kwezifo ezinzima ezifana nesifo sikashukela, noma kunjalo, lapha i-cholecystitis izozibonakalisa njengenkinga ye-pathology ekhona, hhayi njengesifo esizimele.
Umphumela wakho konke okungenhla ungaba uhlobo olubi lwe-cholecystitis ene-gallbladder evuthayo. Ifomu elingapheli lalesi sifo livame ukubonwa ezimweni lapho ukucasuka kungahlali isikhathi eside futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside, ngenxa yalokho izindonga zesitho ziba denser.
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-cholecystitis
Ukuhlaselwa kuyisici sakho kokubili i-cholecystitis eyinhloko kanye nokukhushulwa kwefomu elingapheli lesifo. Ama-harbinger of seizurs kukhona ukungakhululeki esiswini ngemuva kokuthatha ukudla okunamafutha, okubabayo noma utshwala.
Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwe-cholecystitis:
Ubuhlungu be-cramping ebukhali ku-hypochondrium efanele, i-epigastrium noma inkaba;
Isicanucanu nokuhlanza, igesi belching, ukunambitheka okubabayo emlonyeni;
I-subfebrile noma ukushisa komzimba okushisayo (37-38 0 C noma 38-39 0 KUSUKA).
Ungasusa kanjani ukuhlaselwa kwe-cholecystitis?
Ukuvimbela ukuhlasela kwe-cholecystitis, kufanele:
Shayela ucingo i-ambulensi;
Lala embhedeni futhi ugcobe amakhaza esiswini;
Thatha i-antispasmodic (no-shpa) kanye ne-analgesic;
Ukuze unciphise isicanucanu, phuza itiye le-mint noma amanzi amaminerali angenayo i-carbonated ekamelweni lokushisa;
Lapho kukhona ukuhlanza, qinisekisa ukuqoqwa kokuhlanza ukuze kuhlaziywe.
Izinkinga nemiphumela
Uhlobo olubi lwe-cholecystitis ngaphandle kokwelashwa okwanele luba olungapheli ngezikhathi zokukhushulwa nokuxolelwa. Futhi izifo ezingapheli kunzima ukwelapha, njengoba ezinye izitho zihilelekile ku-pathogenesis. Uhlobo oluthuthukisiwe lwe-cholecystitis lutholakala ku-15% yeziguli. Kungabangela i-gangrene, i-biliary fistula ehlanganisa amathumbu, izinso nesisu ne-gallbladder, i-jaundice evimbelayo, ithumba, i-pancreatitis eyingozi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-sepsis.
Imiphumela (i-prognosis) ye-cholecystitis ye-calculous ne-non-calculous:
I-prognosis ye-cholecystitis eyinkimbinkimbi ye-calculous iyathandeka. Ngemuva kokwelashwa okujulile, isithombe somtholampilo singase singabonakali isikhathi eside. Amacala okululama ngokuphelele ayaziwa. Ezinhlotsheni eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-cholecystitis ye-calculous, ukubikezelwa kuqaphe kakhulu;
I-prognosis ye-non-calculous cholecystitis ayiqiniseki. Ngesifo esinjalo, umuntu kufanele aqaphele izinhlobo ze-purulent nezibhubhisayo zokuvuvukala.
Ukwelashwa nokudla
Ukwelashwa kwe-cholecystitis eyingozi kanye nesifo esingamahlalakhona esigabeni esibucayi kwenziwa esibhedlela sokuhlinzwa. Izindlela zokwelapha zikhethwa ngabanye ngokusho kwezinkomba.
Ukwelashwa kwe-cholecystitis engapheli:
Ama-antibiotics, ukukhetha kuncike ekusebenzeni komuthi;
I-Antispasmodics ukuzinzisa umsebenzi wokudlula kwe-bile emathunjini amancane;
I-Cholagogue ene-hypotension ye-gallbladder kanye ne-patency evamile ye-bile duct;
Ama-hepatoprotectors agcina ukusebenza kwesibindi.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-cholecystitis:
Cholecystectomy - ukususwa okuphelele kwe-gallbladder, okwenziwa ngokushesha ngezimpawu zokusabalalisa i-peritonitis kanye nokuvimbela i-bile okukhulu, kwezinye izimo - ngendlela ehleliwe.
Ukudla kwe-cholecystitis
Ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa okunamandla, isiguli sinikezwa isiphuzo esifudumele kuphela ezingxenyeni ezincane. Umthamo we-liquid ungafinyelela ilitha elilodwa nengxenye ngosuku.
Ngemva kokudambisa ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukudla kuhlanganisa okusanhlamvu, ama-kissels, ama-steam cutlets avela enyameni engenamafutha noma enhlanzini, iqanda lenkukhu ngendlela ye-omelet, nesinkwa esimhlophe.
Ukudla kwe-cholecystitis:
Udinga ukudla ezingxenyeni ezincane (izikhathi ezingu-5-6 ngosuku) ukuze ugcine isigqi sokukhiqizwa kwe-bile;
Ukudla kwakusihlwa kunconywa kungakapheli amahora angama-4-6 ngaphambi kokulala ebusuku.
Ukudla kweziguli ezine-cholecystitis kufanele kufake:
Imikhiqizo yezilwane enenani elincane lamafutha, eqoshwe kahle futhi eshisiwe;
Imikhiqizo yemifino engenayo i-fiber eqinile, ecebile ngamavithamini kanye nezakhi zokulandelela.
Nge-cholecystitis, akuvunyelwe ukudla imikhiqizo elandelayo:
Okukheniwe, okufakwe emanzini anosawoti, okubhemayo, okufakwe usawoti, okufakwe emanzini anosawoti, okunamafutha, okuthambisa;
Ukucasula ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokwakheka kwegesi (ubisi, imidumba, iziphuzo ezine-carbonated);
Ukushintsha i-pH yemvelo yesisu (utshwala, i-sorrel, isipinashi, izithelo ze-citrus).