I-Cat AIDS yisifo esibangelwa igciwane, i-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus noma i-FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus). Lesi sifo esithathelwana kakhulu sibangela ukwehla kwamasosha omzimba. Ngakho-ke ikati eliphethwe ingculaza yekati lizithola lintekenteke kakhulu lapho libhekene namagciwane futhi lingase libe nezifo zesibili. Ukuba nekati elinalesi sifo kudinga izinyathelo ezithile zokuphepha okufanele zithathwe.

I-feline immunodeficiency virus ingenye ye-lentivirus, uhlobo lwegciwane elinokutheleleka kancane (ngakho-ke isiqalo esithi "lenti" esiphuma kwelesiLatini. kancane okusho ukuthi "kuhamba kancane"). Njenganoma yiliphi igciwane, lapho lingena entweni ephilayo, lidinga ukungena kumaseli ukuze liphindaphindeke. Endabeni ye-AIDS yekati, i-FIV ihlasela amasosha omzimba. Uma isisebenzise la maseli ukuze iphindaphindeke, iyawabhubhisa. Ngakho-ke siyaqonda ukuthi kungani ikati elinegciwane ligcina linamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka, kuthiwa alinaso isivikelo.

Lesi sifo siyathathelana kakhulu kepha sithinta amakati kuphela (ikakhulukazi ama-fining) futhi asikwazi ukudluliselwa kubantu noma kwezinye izilwane. Njengoba i-FIV ikhona ematheni ekati elinegciwane, idluliselwa ngqo kwelinye ikati ngesikhathi sokulunywa, ezikhathini eziningi. Ukudluliselwa ngokukhotha noma ukuthintana namathe nakho kungenzeka, nakuba kungavamile. Lesi sifo siphinde sitheleleke ngocansi ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutheleleka ngekati elithelelekile kuye emaphusheni alo nakho kungenzeka.

Amakati adukile, ikakhulukazi abesilisa abangathenekile, banamathuba amaningi okuthi ahlaselwe izimpi futhi ngenxa yalokho asengozini enkulu yokulunywa.

Isigaba 1: isigaba esibucayi

Uma igciwane selikhona emzimbeni, kuqala okuthiwa yi-acute phase. Ikati lingase libonise izimpawu ezithile ezivamile (umkhuhlane, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, njll.) kanye nokuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes. Ngakho umzimba usabela ekungenweni yigciwane. Lesi sigaba sifushane futhi sithatha amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.

Isigaba sesi-2: isigaba se-lag

Khona-ke, isigaba se-latency lapho ikati lingabonisi izimpawu (ikati elingabonakali) lenzeka okwesibili. Noma kunjalo, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, nakuba ikati lingabonisi zimpawu, lihlala lithathelwana futhi lingadlulisela leli gciwane kwamanye amakati. Njengoba igama liphakamisa (i-lentivirus), lesi sigaba side futhi singahlala kusukela ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya eminyakeni embalwa.

Isigaba sesi-3: ukuqala kwezimpawu

Lesi sigaba senzeka lapho igciwane livuka futhi liqala ukuhlasela amaseli. Khona-ke ikati liya ngokuya lingenalo izivini futhi isimo salo esivamile siyawohloka. Ngaphandle kwesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba esisebenzayo, sintekenteke kakhulu lapho sibhekene namagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo zingabonakala:

• Umlomo: ukuvuvukala kwezinsini (gingivitis) noma ngisho nomlomo (stomatitis), ukuba khona kwezilonda okungenzeka;
• Uhlelo lokuphefumula: ukuvuvukala kwekhala (rhinitis) namehlo (conjunctivitis);
• Isikhumba: ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba (i-dermatitis), ukutholakala okungenzeka kwethumba;
• Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu (i-enteritis), ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo.

Izimpawu zomtholampilo ezijwayelekile nazo zingaba khona njengokulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla, umkhuhlane noma ukunciphisa umzimba.

Isigaba 4: I-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Lesi yisigaba esibulalayo lapho amasosha omzimba ekati eba buthakathaka kakhulu. I-prognosis iba mnyama futhi izifo ezinzima ezifana nomdlavuza zingangena.

Ukuhlolwa manje kusivumela ukuthi sazi uma ikati linengculaza yekati. Lokhu kuhlola kubheka ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba ku-FIV egazini. Uma kukhona ngempela ukuba khona kwamasosha omzimba alwa ne-FIV, ikati kuthiwa lihle noma line-seropositive. Uma kungenjalo, ikati linegethivu noma i-seronegative. Umphumela omuhle uthi kufanele uqinisekiswe ngokunye ukuhlolwa ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi ngabe ikati bekungelona yini elingelona iqiniso (umphumela omuhle wokuhlolwa yize ungenayo i-FIV).

Ukwelashwa kwe-AIDS yekati ngokuyinhloko kuhilela ukwelapha izimpawu ezivezwa ikati. Ngeshwa, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma ikati line-FIV, lizoligcina impilo yalo yonke. Ukwelashwa kwe-antiviral nge-interferon kungenzeka futhi kunganciphisa izimpawu ezithile zomtholampilo, kodwa akulalisi ngokuphelele ikati elithintekile.

Kodwa-ke, amanye amakati angaphila nalesi sifo kahle kakhulu. Kuzo zonke izimo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqapha ezikhethekile. Umgomo uwukuvimbela ikati elinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ukuthi lingachayeka kumagciwane ukuze lingabi nesifo sesibili. Ngakho, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingenziwa:

• Ukuphila kwangaphakathi okukhethekile: lokhu akuvimbeli ikati elinegciwane kuphela ukuthi lihlangane namagciwane akhona endaweni ezungezile, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ikati ekudluliseleni lesi sifo kubangane balo;
• Ukudla okulinganiselayo: ukudla okuhle kukuvumela ukuba ulondoloze amasosha omzimba wakho;
• Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane: lokhu kuhlola, okufanele kwenziwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisi-6, kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola isimo sempilo yekati. Kungenzeka ukwenza uhlolo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu.

Ngeshwa eFrance, okwamanje awukho umgomo wokuvimbela ukuqala kwalesi sifo. Okuwukuphela kokuvimbela kuhlala kuhlanzekile ngaphakathi kwezindawo zokukhosela kanye nezinhlangano ngokuhlukanisa amakati e-FIV amahle kwamanye amakati. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukwenza isivivinyo sokuhlola noma yiliphi ikati elisha elifika ekhaya lakho. Ukuthenwa kwamakati angamaduna kuyatuswa futhi njengoba kunciphisa ulaka ngakho kuvimbela ukulunywa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-FIV ingenye yezenzo ezimbi ezikhubazayo emakati. Ngakho-ke unesikhathi sokuhoxa esisemthethweni uma ikati olithengile libonisa izimpawu zalesi sifo. Thola ngokushesha kudokotela wakho wezilwane.

Kunoma ikuphi, unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wezilwane uma unemibuzo mayelana negciwane le-feline immunodeficiency virus.