I-Shetland iyinja encane, ebabazekayo enobude obungama-37 cm kwabesilisa kanye no-35,5 cm kwabesifazane ngokwesilinganiso. Izinwele ezisebusweni zifushane, kodwa zinde futhi ziqondile kuwo wonke umzimba futhi ikakhulukazi kumhlwenga, isitshalo kanye nemilenze. Ijazi langaphansi lithambile, lifushane futhi liqinile. Ijazi lingaba li-sable, elimnyama elimnyama, i-merle blue, elimnyama nelimhlophe noma libe mnyama futhi libomvu.

I-Fédération Cynologique Internationale imhlukanisa phakathi kweQembu 1 Lezinja Zezimvu Nezinkomo, Isigaba 1 Izinja Zezimvu. (1)

IShetland noma, ngegama layo eligcwele, iShetland Sheepdog, ngaphambili yayaziwa njengeShetland Collie. Ukuze kugwenywe ukudideka nomzala wakhe uCollie Onezinwele Ezinde, igama lashintshwa ngo-1909, lapho lolu hlobo lwamukelwa ngokusemthethweni yiKennel Club yase-United Kingdom.

Le nja yezimvu idabuka eziqhingini ezisenyakatho zeqoqo leziqhingi zaseBrithani, iziQhingi zaseShetland. Leli qoqo leziqhingi eNyakatho ye-Atlantic lihlala lipheshulwa yimimoya. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani kumila izihlahla ezimbalwa lapho nokuthi kungani lezi zinhlobo ezimbili ezitholakala kule ndawo, ezaziwa kakhulu, iponi nenja elusa izimvu, zombili zizincane ngosayizi. (2, 3)

Ngaphambi kokuwela nokhokho beCollie yesimanje, iShetland cishe ithola umsuka wayo phakathi kwezinja zamaViking zohlobo lweSpitz. Phakathi kwabenduleli bayo kukhona nenkosi yamahhashi uCharles Spaniel kanye neLoulou de Pomeranie. (3)

Izinga leFédération Cynologique Internationale lichaza iShetland njengenja ephapheme, emnene, ehlakaniphile, enamandla futhi esebenzayo. Uyinja enothando futhi njengezinja eziningi ezilusa izimvu, ulalela inkosi yakhe. Zonke lezi zimfanelo zibenza kube lula ukuziqeqesha kanye nombheki omuhle.

Angagcinelwa abantu abangabazi, kodwa akesabi noma abe nolaka. (1)

I-Shetlands iyinja egijimayo futhi ngokuvamile iyinja enempilo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengomzala wabo, i-Collie, banomkhuba wokuthuthukisa izifo zamehlo futhi ikakhulukazi uhlobo lokungalungi okuzuzwa njengefa ngenxa ye-Merle syndrome. Ezinye izinja zingase zithambekele ekubeni ne-hip dysplasia, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sesikhumba noma i-hypothyroidism. Ngokusho kwe-2014 Kennel Club Purebred Dog Health Survey e-UK, isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kukaMalusi waseShetland cishe iminyaka eyi-11. (4)

Ukungajwayelekile kwamehlo kaCollie

Ukungalingani kweso likaCollie yisimo esizuzwe njengefa lesikhwama semfundo kwesinye isikhathi esingaholela ekungaboni. Ngokunembayo, kuwukunyamalala okuphelele noma okuncane kokuphelele kwe-retinal pigments okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kwemithambo ku-choroid. Ngokuvamile kuthinta womabili amehlo, kodwa izigaba zingahluka phakathi kwamehlo amabili. Lokhu okungavamile kungase kuhlotshaniswe ne-coloboma yekhanda lenzwa ye-optic, i-retinal detachment, noma ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi kwe-intraocular. Ngokuya ngobukhulu besifo esididayo nesixhumene naso, kunezigaba ezine (I, II, III no-IV).

Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwamehlo okubizwa ngokuthi, i-ophthalmoscopy engaqondile. Udokotela wezilwane uthola i-chorio-retinal dysplasia noma i-coloboma, noma zombili. Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa kahle cishe amasonto amane noma amahlanu.

Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, kodwa izigaba I no-II zinesimo esihle sokubikezela futhi isimo singase sihlale sizinzile kuyo yonke impilo yesilwane. Kodwa-ke, izigaba III kanye ne-IV zibucayi kakhulu futhi ingozi yokungaboni iphezulu.

I-Merle syndrome

I-Merle Syndrome ibangelwa ukuba khona kofuzo Merle. Umonakalo omkhulu ukukhubazeka kokushintsha umbala, ukukhula okungajwayelekile, ukuphazamiseka kokuzwa (okungafinyelela ezingeni lokungezwa ngokuphelele) kanye ne-microphthalmia (ukonakala okubangela inhlamvu yeso encane ngokungavamile)

Ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kofuzo futhi kuhambisana nokuhlonzwa kokungajwayelekile okuhlobene. Akukho ukwelashwa futhi i-prognosis igcinelwe izinja ezingezwa kanye / noma ubumpumputhe obunzima.

I-Coxofemoral dysplasia

I-Coxofemoral dysplasia yisimo esizuzwe ngofuzo lapho ithambo lesidladla senja likhubazekile futhi lihamba phakathi kwelunga. Ilunga liyaxega futhi ukunyakaza kwethambo kubangela ukuguga okubuhlungu, ukudabuka, ukuvuvukala kanye ne-osteoarthritis.

Ukuxilongwa nokuhlolwa kwesiteji se-dysplasia kwenziwa nge-x-ray.

Kuyisifo esiwufuzo, kodwa esikhula ngokukhula, okungase kube nzima ukuphatha.

Umugqa wokuqala wokwelapha ngokuvamile uqukethe izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala noma i-corticosteroids ukunciphisa i-osteoarthritis. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, noma ngisho nokufakwa kwe-hip prosthesis kungabhekwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu. Ngokuphathwa kahle kwezidakamizwa, izinga lempilo yezinja lingaba lihle iminyaka eminingana ngemva kokuxilongwa.

Ukuphikelela kwe-ductus arteriosus

Ukungajwayelekile kwenhliziyo okuvame kakhulu ezinjeni ukuphikelela kwe-ductus arteriosus. I-ductus arteriosus (exhuma umthambo wamaphaphu kanye ne-aorta ekhuphukayo) ivimbekile ekuzalweni. Ikakhulu, kubangela ukwanda kwenhliziyo yangakwesobunxele.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngezimpawu zomtholampilo, ikakhulukazi ukukhathala ngomzamo wenja, kanye nokwephulwa kwenhliziyo futhi ekugcineni i-ultrasound. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekuvaleni umsele ngokuhlinzwa futhi kune-prognosis enhle ezimweni eziningi.

Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinja zezimvu, iShetland inokuthambekela okungokwemvelo kokuhola umhlambi futhi ingase ifune ukwelusa noma yini ehambayo, kusukela ezinganeni ezincane, kuya ezimotweni. Ngakho qaphela ukugcina inja yakho engadini yakho enendawo ebiyelwe. Qaphela futhi ukuthi umfundise kahle ukuze angabi nenkani.

Ngamafuphi, iShetland iyinja emnandi nenempilo engumngane. Njengazo zonke izinja ezinezinwele ezinde, zizodinga ukuxubha njalo. Ivumelana kahle nemvelo yomndeni kanye nokuba khona kwezingane. Ubuhlakani bakhe bumenza abe yinja elula ukuyiqeqesha futhi uyaphumelela emikhakheni eminingi yokuqeqesha izinja.