Okuqukethwe
UKarl Bryullov (1799-1852) wasebenza ngendlela yokuhlubuka kwe-romanticism. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, umculi wayezungezwe ubuhle, uyise wayengumuntu wokudala - uPavel Ivanovich Bryullov (1760-1833), umdwebi wezithombe kanye nomfundi wezimpande zesiFulentshi. Cishe kwaze kwaba yilapho eneminyaka engu-XNUMX ubudala, uKarl wahlala elele, odokotela bathola ukuthi une-acute aneurysm. Kodwa, ngokunxusa kukaPavel Bryullov, uKarl wadatshulwa embhedeni wakhe futhi waqala ukufundisa ukudweba, ngoba ikusasa lakhe laliyisiphetho esinqunyiwe - uzoba umdali nomdwebi.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-16 ubudala, le nsizwa yangena eSt. Petersburg Academy of Arts, lapho uyise amsekela kakhulu. Wasiza indodana yakhe ukuba ifunde amakhono obuciko, ngakho uKarl wafunda kangcono kunontanga yakhe. UBryullov wabonisa ithalenta lakhe - akazange nje anikeze amafomu omzimba womuntu ngokunemba okunemibandela, kodwa wawavuselela futhi wanikeza umusa, owawungajwayelekile kubafundi be-Academy.
Ungakwazi ukuncoma imidwebo kaKarl Bryullov isikhathi eside, yilokho okwenziwa abahlaziyi bezobuciko, bebona kumaseyili okuthile okungaphezu kokubonwa ababukeli abavamile. Sikunikeza ukuthi ungagcini nje ngokubuka imidwebo, kodwa uhlole incazelo yayo, ukuzwa lokho umdwebi ayefuna ukukubonisa ... Sikunikeza ukuthi ujwayelane nemidwebo edume kakhulu yomdwebi uKarl Bryullov.
10 Ntambama yesiNtaliyane
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1827
Isithombe esihlonishwa kakhulu "Ntambama yase-Italy" – okungenye ebaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wempilo yeciko. Ngesikhathi sokubhala, uBryullov wayeseyaziwa kabanzi, futhi isithombe sathunyelwa nguNicholas I ngokwakhe.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ngo-1823 umdwebi wapenda i-“Italian Morning” - iseyili yaba nethonya elikhulu emphakathini, futhi lapho, ngemva kochungechunge lwemibukiso ephumelelayo, yafinyelela eSt. Petersburg, iNhlangano Yokukhuthazwa Kwabaculi, isikhokhe U-Karl Bryullov womdwebo, wawunikeza u-Nicholas I. Futhi wethula umdwebo kumkakhe u-Alexandra Feodorovna (1872-1918), owajabula ngakho. Wenza i-oda elisha, futhi umdwebi wabe esependa "i-Italian Noon", kodwa abagxeki bashaya isithombe ngezibuyekezo ezingathandeki embukisweni, ngoba ngaleso sikhathi umkhakha wezemfundo wawuphikisana namaqiniso nenkululeko.
9. Ukuhlasela kukaGenseric eRoma
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1836
I-Bryullov yapenda izithombe zabantu abadumile, esebenza kuhlobo lomlando, lapho isithombe singesikhona. "Ukuhlasela kweGenseric eRoma". Isithombe sibonisa isikhathi esibuhlungu empilweni yempucuko yaseRoma yasendulo. Iseyili yapendwe ngo-1836, umqondo wokuyidala wavakashela uBryullov emuva ngo-1833, lapho ese-Italy.
Umdwebo odumile wathunyelwa ngu-Aleksey Alekseevich Perovsky (1787-1836). Uhlobo - umdwebo womlando. Esithombeni, sibona ukuthi ibutho liphanga kanjani umholi wesizwe samaVandali sombuso wasendulo. Lesi senzakalo senzeka ngo-455. Amaqhawe ase-Afrika adala umonakalo ozungezile, futhi iphuzu eliyinhloko esithombeni ukuthunjwa kuka-Evdokia (401-460) namadodakazi akhe.
8. Turk
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1837-1839
Siyabona esithombeni "Owesifazane waseTurkey", okwabhalwa uBryullov, njengentombazane enokubukeka okuzolile ilele, incike emicamelo. Ngokubukeka kwakhe, yonke into ibukeka ikhululekile, ngisho namehlo akhe akhipha ukuthula. Futhi ingubo kanye nekhanda ligcizelela ubuhle obungewona oseYurophu. Ukufanisa intombazane, isizinda esikhanyayo sadalwa - sibukhali, sihluke njengaye.
Amathoni aphansi ayengadingeki ukuze kugcizelelwe ubuzwe bakhe. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isizinda esikhanyayo sigcizelela ubuhle baso. Ngendwangu, uBryullov wasebenzisa izinkumbulo zakhe, lapho efika e-Ionian Islands. Izinkumbulo zazicacile kangangokuthi imvelo yayingadingeki. Yile ndlela abona ngayo amantombazane aseTurkey futhi wakwazi ukudlulisa ngomsebenzi wakhe bonke "ubuhle obubabayo" besifunda.
7. E-oki yaseBogoroditsky
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1835
Imidwebo kaBryullov iheha isibukeli ngokuthula nangobuhle - njengokungathi impilo ikhona ngokwemithetho yobuhle, engahlulelwa ngokubheka "E-Bogoroditsky Oak". Imidwebo icela nje ukuba ibe umhlobiso wekamelo lokuphumula. Ukusabela okwamukelekayo kubo ukutuswa nokujabula, ukuhlonishwa komdwebi.
Umdwebo owaziwa kakhulu wawupendwe nge-watercolor, i-centerpiece isihlahla se-oki, okuwumhlobiso wendawo engcwele lapho abazulazulayo beza khona ukuzohambela. Futhi manje uBryullov "ubambe" kulo mzuzu, abantu beminyaka ehlukene nobulili bemi eduze kwe-oki: intombazane enesambulela, ikhehla, owesifazane. Ngobuciko, umdwebi ukwazile ukudlulisa umdlalo wokukhanya, ofuna ukungena emagatsheni aminyene esihlahla.
6. Ukufa kuka-Inessa de Castro
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1834
Njengazo zonke imisebenzi kaBryullov enikelwe esihlokweni esingokomlando, isithombe "Ukufa kuka-Inessa de Castro" ujabulisa nalabo abangaqondi lutho ekudwebeni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingqikithi ithinta umnyombo - intombazane iguqe ngamadolo, futhi izingane ziyayigona. Eduze kukhona ababulali abanomoya wobukhazikhazi. Ubuso obusabekayo bezigebengu kanye nalezo zigebengu ezesabekayo buyaphambana nomuntu omi ngaphandle kwemizwa - kusobala ukuthi yiyona imbangela yalesi simo.
UKarl Bryullov wabhala lesi sithombe lapho eseMilan, futhi wachitha izinsuku ezingu-17 kuphela ebhala. Isikhathi esiningi sesidlulile, futhi isithombe sisatuswa futhi sithuthumela. I-canvas igcwele idrama - uBryullov, njengenjwayelo, wakwazi ukuveza ngobuciko isakhiwo somlando.
5. UBati Sheba
Unyaka wesisekelo: Izinyawo eziyi-1828 - 1832
Umlando “Bathisheba”, edwetshwe i-watercolorist uBryullov, isekelwe endabeni yeBhayibheli futhi ibonisa ngokucacile ithalenta lomdwebi. Ikhanvasi iwudlulisela kahle umqondo wobuhle besifazane obungabuni, obuthakathayo. Umdwebi udwebe lesi sithombe ngenkathi ese-Italy, kodwa umphumela awuzange uhlabe umxhwele, ngakho wasishiya singakaqedwa.
Iseyili idlulisa umzuzu womlando - ngokwenganekwane, iNkosi uDavide (1035 BC - 970 BC) yabona unkosikazi omncane womkhuzi wakhe u-Uriya. Wayemuhle uBathisheba waze wamangala. Wathumela umyeni wakhe ekufeni, futhi wathatha intombazane wayisa esigodlweni sakhe, lapho wajeziswa ngokufa kwezibulo lakhe.
4. Isithombe se-Aurora
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1837
Ubuhle buka-Aurora (1808-1902) buyophila phakade, ngoba lapho esethole isipho esivela kumyeni wakhe - uPavel Demidov (1798-1840) wacela uKarl Bryullov ukuba adwebe umkakhe. Umdwebi uchithe isikhathi eside ecubungula Isithombe sika-AuroraUmphumela uba ubuhle obumangalisayo. Lesi sithombe "sisaphila", siboniswa cishe kuzo zonke izincwadi zobuciko, lapho kunegama lomculi.
Ngokusho kwenganekwane, u-Aurora wayedume ngobuhle bakhe obumangalisayo futhi enomusa kakhulu. Kwakungenxa yodumo lwakhe ukuthi i-cruiser edumile yaqanjwa. Kodwa ngeshwa, isiphetho Princess Aurora kwakungekuhle: ngo-1840 washonelwa umyeni wakhe. I-Aurora yazuza njengefa ingcebo enkulu futhi yakwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokuhlakanipha.
Ngo-1846 wanquma ukuqeda ukulila futhi washada futhi - Andrey Karamzin (1814-1854), kodwa ngo-1854 wabulawa baseTurkey. Ngemva kwalokho, inkosazana yakha indlu yokukhonzela eFlorence futhi yanikela ukuphila kwayo ekusizeni abantulayo.
3. Umgibeli
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1832
Isithombe sika-Bryullov “Umgibeli” omunye wemisebenzi yakhe emihle kakhulu. Igcwele amandla, ukunyakaza nobuhle. Okokuqala, umbukeli udonsela ukunakekela kumgibeli ngokwakhe - kuyamangaza ukuthi intombazane enjalo ebuthakathaka iphatha kanjani ihhashi eliqinile. Kuvele kucace ukuthi leli hhashi liwuzalo lwegazi lezicukuthwane. Muhle, isikhumba sakhe siyacwebezela. Ihhashi likhuphuka kancane, njengokungathi lifuna ukuncoma umusa wakhe - akunakwenzeka ukuthi unomgomo wokulahla intombazane.
Isithombe esihle sapendwe e-Italy - abagxeki bezobuciko basaphikisana ngesibonelo seqhawekazi. Ikhanvasi yathunyelwa nguYulia Samoilova (1803-1875), owaziwa ngobuhlobo bakhe noKarl Bryullov.
Lapho isithombe sifika embukisweni (futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokubhala), sabizwa ngokuthi esingcono kakhulu phakathi kwezindikimba zamahhashi. UBryullov waqala ukubizwa ngokuthi uRubens wesibili (1577-1640) noma uVan Dyck (1599-1641).
2. Isithombe somuntu siqu
Unyaka wesisekelo: 1848
Sonke singama-daffodils amancane, futhi uKarl Bryullov naye unjalo. Enye yezindlela ezithandwayo emlandweni wamaciko ukudweba isithombe somuntu siqu. Isithombe somuntu siqu wafinyelela esicongweni ohlotsheni lwesithombe esiseduze somculi - uBryullov wasipenda ngo-1848, lapho egula.
Izinyanga eziyisikhombisa, umdali oneminyaka engu-50 ubudala, ngemiyalelo yodokotela, akazange aphume endlini futhi isikhathi esiningi wayeyedwa. Futhi, ekugcineni, lapho intwasahlobo isivele iqhakaza ngokugcwele ngaphandle ngo-1848, yonke into yayigcwele umoya oshisayo kanye nephunga elimnandi lezimbali, into yokuqala uBryullov wacela odokotela ukuba bamlethele amapende kanye ne-easel. Isicelo sakhe samukelwa. Lapho umdwebi ethola lokho ayekufuna, ngokushesha wadala isithombe esizimele, kodwa ngezikhathi ezithile wayebuyela kuso ukuze asilungise.
1. Usuku lokugcina lwasePompeii
Unyaka wesisekelo: Izinyawo eziyi-1827 - 1833
Isithombe “Usuku lokugcina lwasePompeii” yabhalwa nguBryullov e-Italy, lapho ahamba khona. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi umculi kwadingeka abuye ohambweni ngemva kweminyaka engu-4, wahlala lapho iminyaka engu-13. Isakhiwo sesithombe siqonda umzuzu womlando - ukufa kwePompeii: Agasti 24, 79 BC. e. Izakhamuzi ezingu-2000 zafa ngenxa yokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo.
UBryullov waqala ukuvakashela isayithi ngo-1827. Ukuya lapho, umdali oneminyaka engu-28 wayengazi ngisho nokuthi uhambo lwaluzomjabulisa kakhulu - imizwa umdwebi ayithola ngaleso sikhathi ayizange imshiye yedwa, ngakho uBryullov waqala ukuhamba. ukudala isithombe esibonisa amaNtaliyane. Lona omunye wemidwebo edume kakhulu kaBryullov futhi wathatha iminyaka engu-6 ukuqeda.