Egunyazwe iSonto Lobu-Orthodox LaseRussia, uSt. Tikhon, uMbhishobhi waseMoscow kanye no-All Rus' (1865-1925), onezinsalela zakhe ezisesontweni elikhulu leSigodlo sezindela saseDonskoy, wanikela enye yezinkulumo zakhe kwabadla imifino, ekubiza ngokuthi “izwi ngo umusa wokuzila ukudla.” Ukubuza izimiso ezithile zabadla imifino, sekukonke, ongcwele ukhuluma NGOkwenqaba ukudla zonke izinto eziphilayo.
Sikubona kufaneleka ukucaphuna ngokugcwele ezinye iziqephu zezingxoxo zika-St. Tikhon...
Ngaphansi kwegama le-vegetarianism lisho isiqondiso esinjalo emibonweni yomphakathi wanamuhla, okuvumela ukudla imikhiqizo yezitshalo kuphela, hhayi inyama nenhlanzi. Ekuvikeleni imfundiso yabo, abadla imifino bacaphuna idatha 1) evela ku-anatomy: umuntu uyingxenye yezidalwa ezidla inyama, hhayi ama-omnivores kanye nezilwane ezidla inyama; 2) kusuka ku-organic chemistry: ukudla kwezitshalo kuqukethe yonke into edingekayo ukuze kutholakale umsoco futhi kungagcina amandla kanye nempilo yomuntu ngezinga elifanayo nokudla okuxubile, okungukuthi, ukudla kwemifino yezilwane; 3) kusuka ku-physiology: ukudla kwezitshalo kufakwe kangcono kunenyama; 4) kusuka kwezokwelapha: ukudla okunomsoco wenyama kuyajabulisa umzimba futhi kufinyeze ukuphila, kuyilapho ukudla kwemifino, ngokuphambene nalokho, kulondoloza futhi kunwebe; 5) kusuka emnothweni: ukudla kwemifino ishibhile kunokudla kwenyama; 6) Ekugcineni, kucatshangelwa izindinganiso zokuziphatha: ukubulawa kwezilwane kuphambene nomuzwa wokuziphatha womuntu, kuyilapho ukudla imifino kuletha ukuthula kokubili ekuphileni komuntu siqu nasebudlelwaneni bakhe nezwe lezilwane.
Okunye kwalokhu kucatshangelwa kwavezwa nasezikhathini zasendulo, ezweni lamaqaba (nguPythagoras, uPlato, Sakia-Muni); emhlabeni wobuKristu zaziphindaphindwa kaningi, kodwa nokho labo ababeziveza kwakungabantu abangabodwana futhi babengakhi umphakathi; kuphela phakathi naleli khulu leminyaka eNgilandi, kwase kuthi kwamanye amazwe, kwavela imiphakathi yonke yabantu abadla imifino. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukunyakaza kwemifino kuye kwanda kakhulu; kaningi kunabalandeli bakhe abasakaza imibono yabo ngentshiseko futhi bazame ukukusebenzisa; ngakho-ke eNtshonalanga Yurophu kunezindawo zokudlela eziningi zemifino (eLondon kuphela kukhona ezifika kwamashumi amathathu), lapho izitsha zilungiswa khona kuphela ekudleni kwezitshalo; Izincwadi zokupheka zemifino zishicilelwa eziqukethe amashejuli okudla kanye nemiyalelo yokulungisa izitsha ezingaphezu kwamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili. Siphinde sibe nabalandeli bokudla imifino eRussia, okukhona phakathi kwabo umbhali odumile u-Count Leo Tolstoy…
…Ukudla imifino kuthenjiswa ikusasa elibanzi, njengoba, bathi, isintu willy-nilly ekugcineni sizofinyelela endleleni yokudla abadla imifino. Ngisho namanje, kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, lesi simo sokuncipha kwemfuyo siyabonwa, futhi e-Asia lesi simo cishe sesivele senzeka, ikakhulukazi emazweni anabantu abaningi kakhulu - eChina naseJapane, ukuze esikhathini esizayo, nakuba kungenjalo. eduze, ngeke kube khona imfuyo nhlobo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kanye nokudla kwenyama. Uma lokhu kunjalo, khona-ke i-vegetarianism inokufaneleka kokuthi abalandeli bayo bathuthukise izindlela zokudla nokuphila okuzodingeka ukuthi abantu bazijoyine. Kodwa ngaphezu kwalokhu kufaneleka okuyinkinga, i-vegetarianism inenzuzo engangabazeki yokuthi iveza isikhalo esiphuthumayo sokuzithiba ebudaleni bethu obuzidlayo nobutotoswayo ...
… Abantu abadla imifino bacabanga ukuthi ukube abantu babengakudli ukudla kwenyama, ngabe ukuchuma okuphelele ngabe kwasungulwa kudala emhlabeni. Ngisho noPlato, enkulumweni yakhe ethi "ERiphabhulikhi", wathola umsuka wokungabi nabulungisa, umthombo wezimpi nobunye ububi, eqinisweni lokuthi abantu abafuni ukwaneliseka ngendlela elula yokuphila nokudla okunonya kwezitshalo, kodwa badle. inyama. Futhi omunye umsekeli we-vegetarianism, kakade evela kumaKristu, u-Anabaptist Tryon (owafa ngo-1703), unamazwi ngale ndaba, umlobi we "Ethics of Food" acaphuna encwadini yakhe ngokuthi "injabulo" ekhethekile.
“Uma abantu,” kusho u-Tryon, “beyeka ukuxabana, balahle ingcindezelo kanye nalokho okubakhuthazayo futhi okubalahlekisele kukho - ekubulaleni izilwane nokudla igazi nenyama yazo - khona-ke ngesikhashana nje bazophelelwa amandla, noma mhlawumbe babe, futhi babulalane phakathi. kubo, izingxabano zikaSathane kanye nonya kwakuyophela ngokuphelele ... Khona-ke bonke ubutha babuyophela, ukububula okudabukisayo kwabantu noma kwezinkomo kwakuyozwakala. Khona-ke ngeke kube khona imifudlana yegazi lezilwane ezihlatshiwe, nephunga elibi lezimakethe, noma abahlinzayo abanegazi, akukho ukuduma kwezibhamu, nokushiswa kwemizi. Amatilongo anukayo ayoshabalala, amasango ensimbi ayodilika, ngemva kwawo abantu baphele amandla ngenxa yabafazi babo, izingane zabo, umoya opholile okhululekile; ukukhala kwabacela ukudla nezingubo kuyakuthuliswa. Ngeke kube khona ukucasuka, akukho macebo ahlakaniphile okucekela phansi ngosuku olulodwa lokho okudalwe ukuzikhandla kwezinkulungwane zabantu, iziqalekiso ezimbi, nezinkulumo ezinonya. Ngeke kube khona ukuhlushwa kwezilwane ngokungadingekile ngenxa yokusebenza ngokweqile, nokonakala kwezintombi. Ngeke kuqashiswe umhlaba namapulazi ngamanani azophoqa umqashi ukuba azikhandle yena nezinceku nezinkomo zakhe acishe afe kodwa nokho ahlale ezikweletini. Ngeke kube khona ukucindezelwa kwabaphansi ngophakeme, ngeke kube khona isidingo sokungabikho ngokweqile nokuminza; ukububula kwabalimele kuyothula; ngeke kube nesidingo sokuthi odokotela banqume izinhlamvu emizimbeni yabo, bathathe izingalo nemilenze echotshoziwe noma ephukile. Ukukhala nokububula kwalabo abaphethwe i-gout noma ezinye izifo ezimbi kakhulu (njengochoko noma ukusetshenziswa), ngaphandle kwezifo zokuguga, kuzodamba. Futhi abantwana bayoyeka ukuba izisulu zokuhlupheka okungenakubalwa futhi bayophila njengamawundlu, amathole, noma amawundlu anoma yisiphi esinye isilwane esingazazi izifo. Lesi isithombe esiyengayo esidwetshwa abantu abadla imifino, futhi yeka ukuthi kulula kangakanani ukufeza konke lokhu: uma ungayidli inyama, kuyomiswa ipharadesi langempela emhlabeni, ukuphila okuzolile nokungenandaba.
… Kuvumelekile, nokho, ukungabaza ukuba nokwenzeka kwawo wonke amaphupho aqhakazile abadla imifino. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ukuzithiba ngokujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi ekusebenziseni ukudla kwenyama, kunqanda izinkanuko zethu nezinkanuko zenyama, kunikeza ukukhanya okukhulu emoyeni wethu futhi kuwusize ukuba uzikhulule ekubuseni kwenyama futhi uwunqobe ekubuseni nasekuwunqobeni. ukulawula. Kodwa-ke, kungaba iphutha ukubheka lokhu kuzithiba komzimba njengesisekelo sokuziphatha, ukuthola zonke izimfanelo eziphakeme zokuziphatha kukho futhi ucabange nabantu abadla imifino ukuthi "ukudla kwemifino ngokwakho kudala izici eziningi ezinhle" ...
Ukuzila ukudla okungokomzimba kusebenza kuphela njengendlela nosizo lokuzuza izici ezinhle - ubumsulwa nobumsulwa, futhi kufanele ngempela kuhlanganiswe nokuzila ukudla okungokomoya - nokuzithiba ezifisweni nasebubini, nokususwa emicabangweni emibi nasezenzweni ezimbi. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngokwako, akwanele ukusindiswa.