Ukutshala nini izithombo zamakhabe ngo-2022 ngokwekhalenda lenyanga
Amakhabe ayisiko laseningizimu. Akulula ukuwakhulisa emgqeni ophakathi, kodwa kungenzeka - into eyinhloko ukwazi izimfihlo ezithile. Ake sithole ukuthi yini abayidingayo

Into yokuqala okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi izinhlobo ezivuthwa ekuqaleni kuphela ezifanele izifunda ezinehlobo elipholile nelifushane - zivuthwa ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-90 futhi zikwazi ukukhiqiza isilimo ngaphambi kokuphela kwehlobo. Kodwa kungcono nakakhulu ukukhetha amakhabe ama-ultra-early - anikeza isivuno ezinsukwini ezingu-60, okungukuthi, kakade ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.

Amakhabe angahlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Kodwa kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu ukuzikhulisa ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Futhi lapha kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungatshala nini amakhabe ngo-2022.

Unganquma kanjani izinsuku zokufika endaweni yangakini

Amakhabe ane-thermophilic kakhulu, awakubekezeleli isithwathwa, kepha awathandi ngisho namazinga okushisa angaphansi kuka-10 ° C - ukukhula kwawo kuyama (1).

Ungahlwanyela amakhabe ngqo emibhedeni, noma uwakhulise ngezithombo. Isikhathi sokuhlwanyela sizoncika kulokhu:

  • izithombo zokugcina izithombo - Mashi 25 - Ephreli 5;
  • izithombo endaweni evulekile - Ephreli 25 - Meyi 5;
  • imbewu endaweni evulekile - May 25 - June 5.

Ilungiswa kanjani imbewu yokuhlwanyela

Imbewu yamakhabe inkulu, ihluma ngokushesha futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa okukhethekile, ingahlwanyelwa ngokuphepha yomile emhlabathini. Futhi ngendlela, lapho uhlwanyela endaweni evulekile, kungcono ukwenza lokho kanye.

“Kuyingozi ukuhlwanyela imbewu ehlumile emibhedeni, ikakhulukazi uma ufika e-dacha kanye ngesonto - uma kushisa ngaphandle, inhlabathi ingashesha ukoma, izimpande ezithambile zembewu ehlumayo zizofa ngaphandle kokuba nesikhathi sokungena ekujuleni. , khona-ke amakhabe kuyodingeka atshalwe kabusha,” kusho isazi sezolimo namahlathi uSvetlana Mihailova. – Futhi imbewu eyomile iyakwazi ukulala phansi, ilinde umswakama ofanele.

bonisa okuningi

Kodwa lapho uhlwanyela izithombo, imbewu ingacwiliswa usuku lonke emanzini afudumele ukuze ivuvukale. Kulokhu, amahlumela azovela ngokushesha. Noma ungakwazi ukuhluma imbewu - zisonga ngendwangu emanzi bese uyibeka endaweni efudumele. Lapho nje izimpande zihluma, sekuyisikhathi sokutshala.

“Kodwa futhi, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi imbewu evuvukele futhi imilile kufanele njalo ibe senhlabathini emanzi – awukwazi ukuyomisa ngokweqile,” kuxwayisa uSvetlana Mikhailova. - Ngakho-ke manzisa ngesikhathi - inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomswakama kancane ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa kuphela kuze kufike isikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Amathiphu okunakekela izithombo zekhabe

Amakhabe atholakala ezindaweni ezomile zase-Afrika eseningizimu (2), lapho akhula khona emhlabathini ompofu. Ngakho-ke izimiso eziyinhloko zokunakekelwa.

Umhlabathi. Umhlabathi wezithombo kufanele ukhululeke futhi ungacebile kakhulu ngomsoco. Ungasebenzisa inhlabathi yendawo yonke esitolo, kodwa kufanele ixutshwe nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso se-2: 1.

Indawo. Indawo yezithombo kufanele ibe nelanga kakhulu - nakanjani iwindi eliseningizimu. Noma udinga ukunikeza ukukhanya okuhle.

Ukunisela. Izithombo ze-watermelon zidinga ukuphuziswa ngokucophelela. Kuze kube yisikhathi sokuhluma, inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi kancane, bese ukuchelela kufanele kuncishiswe ukuze ibhola lomhlaba phakathi kwabo lome ngokuphelele.

Ukondla. Izithombo ze-watermelon azidingi ukuvundiswa - zizovusa ukukhula ngokweqile, kodwa sidinga izitshalo ukuthi zingakhuli inqwaba eluhlaza, kodwa zisebenzise amandla azo ekwakhiweni kwama-ovari kanye nokuvuthwa kwezitshalo.

Ukulungiselela ukuwela emhlabathini. Ngaphambi kokususa izithombo endaweni evulekile, kuyasiza ukuyiqinisa - ikhiphe uyiyise kuvulandi, uye emoyeni omusha amasonto angama-1-2.

- Izinsuku zokuqala amahora ambalwa, bese isikhathi sokuqina kufanele sikhuphuke kancane kancane, - uSvetlana Mikhailova weluleka. - Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zingashiywa ngaphandle nasebusuku, yiqiniso, ngemva kokubheka isibikezelo sezulu - kubalulekile ukuthi kungabikho amaqhwa.

Izinsuku ezithandekayo zokutshala izithombo ekhaya noma ku-greenhouse

Amakhabe enza imivimbo emide, ngakho-ke akufanele ugijimele ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo - izitshalo ezikhule ngokweqile kunzima ukuzitshala, futhi zimila izimpande ezimbi kakhulu. Ungatshala izithombo kuma-greenhouse ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Emhlabathini ovulekile - emva kukaMeyi 25. Iminyaka yezithombo ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ibe yizinsuku ezingaba ngu-20-30 (3), futhi izitshalo kufanele zibe namaqabunga eqiniso angu-3-4 (4).

Izinsuku ezithandekayo zokutshala izithombo ekhaya noma ku-greenhouse: ukuhlwanyela imbewu - Mashi 11 - 17, Ephreli 1, 8 - 9, ukutshala izithombo ku-greenhouse - Ephreli 25 - 26, Meyi 1 - 15, 31, Juni 1 - 12.

Izinsuku ezithandekayo zokutshala izithombo endaweni evulekile

Asikho futhi isidingo sokujaha ukutshala izithombo. Ukuze izitshalo zingabulawa isithwathwa, zidinga ukutshalwa ngemuva kukaMeyi 25, futhi zithembeke nakakhulu kusukela ngoJuni 1 kuya kuJuni 10.

Izinsuku ezithandekayo zokutshala izithombo endaweni evulekile: Meyi 31, Juni 1 - 12.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Yini enye okudingeka ukwazi lapho ukhula amakhabe, satshelwa i-agronomist-breeder Svetlana Mikhailova.

Ungakhetha kanjani i-watermelon ehlukahlukene?

Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbula ukuthi amakhabe kukhona thermophilic kakhulu; endaweni evulekile, isivuno esihle singatshalwa hhayi enyakatho yesifunda saseTambov. Ezifundeni ezipholile, zidinga ukutshalwa ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo futhi kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo zakuqala.

 

Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokuthenga imbewu, bheka ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ku-State Register of Breeding Achievements - iku-inthanethi futhi ikhombisa ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo zibekwe kuphi.

Kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani ukuhluma kwembewu yekhabe?

Ukuhluma kwembewu yekhabe kuthatha iminyaka engu-6-8. Ngakho ezitolo ungathenga ngokuphephile imbewu ngedethi yokuthengisa ephelelwa yisikhathi. Ngokomthetho othi "Ekukhiqizweni Kwembewu", yiminyaka emi-3 futhi iphelelwa yisikhathi ngoDisemba 31, ngakho-ke ngaphambi koNyaka Omusha, imbewu enjalo ivame ukuthengiswa ngezaphulelo ezinkulu. Futhi emva kwalesi sikhathi bazokwazi ukusebenza eminye iminyaka engu-3-5.

Ingabe imbewu idinga ukumila ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela?

Uma imbewu ihlwanyelwa ezimbizeni zezithombo, awukwazi ukuhluma - ekhaya unethuba lokunisela njalo.

 

Kodwa lapho uhlwanyela imbewu endaweni evulekile, kungcono ukuyihluma, ngoba ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuyashisa ngaphandle, inhlabathi yoma ngokushesha, futhi uma usezweni kuphela ngezimpelasonto, imbewu ingase ingahlumi. Futhi ezimila ngokushesha zimila izimpande futhi isitshalo singazikhiphela umswakama ngokwaso.

Imithombo ye

  1. Fisenko AN, Serpukhovitina KA, Stolyarov AI Garden. Incwadi // Rostov-on-Don, Rostov University Press, 1994 - 416 p.
  2. Yakubovskaya LD, Yakubovsky VN, Rozhkova LN ABC yezakhamuzi zasehlobo // Minsk, OOO "Orakul", OOO Lazurak, IPKA "Publicity", 1994 - 415 p.
  3. I-Pantielev Ya.Kh. Umlimi wemifino ye-ABC // M .: Kolos, 1992 - 383 p.
  4. Shuin KA, Zakraevskaya NK, Ippolitova N.Ya. Ingadi kusukela entwasahlobo kuya ekwindla // Minsk, Uradzhay, 1990 - 256 p.

shiya impendulo