I-mastectomy wukuhlinzwa okubandakanya ukwehliswa okuyingxenye noma okuphelele webele. Ebizwa nangokuthi i-mastectomy, yenziwa ngenhloso yokususa ngokuphelele isimila somdlavuza esifubeni.

Lapho umdlavuza webele utholwa, izindlela eziningana zokwelapha zingacatshangelwa.

Ingqikithi noma i-mastectomy iyinqubo enconywe kakhulu yokususa isimila, ngoba isusa zonke izicubu ezithintekile futhi ikhawulele ukuphindeka.

Izinhlobo ezimbili zokungenelela zingahlinzekwa:

• la ingxenye ye-mastectomy, okubizwa nangokuthi i-lumpectomy noma ukuhlinzwa okonga ibele, okuhlanganisa ukukhipha isimila kuphela nokushiya amabele amaningi engaphelele. Phakathi nale nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo usasusa “i-margin” yezicubu ezinempilo ezizungeze isimila ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi awashiyi amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• La i-mastectomy ephelele, okungukukhishwa ngokuphelele kwebele eligulayo. Iyadingeka cishe engxenyeni yesithathu yomdlavuza wamabele.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, ama-lymph nodes ku-armpit (i-axillary region) ayasuswa futhi ahlaziywe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza usalokhu ukhona yini noma ususabalele. Kuye ngecala, i-mastectomy kufanele ilandelwe yi-chemotherapy noma i-radiotherapy (ikakhulukazi uma iyingxenye).

I-Mastectomy yenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile ngudokotela ohlinzayo-oncologist. Kudinga izinsuku ezimbalwa zokulaliswa esibhedlela.

Imvamisa ukwamukelwa esibhedlela kwenziwa ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlinzwa. Njenganoma yikuphi ukungenelela, kuyadingeka ukuthi ube esiswini esingenalutho. Ngalo lolo suku, kufanele ugeze ngomuthi wokubulala amagciwane bese kuthi ikhwapha ligundwe ngaphambi kokungena egumbini lokuhlinzwa.

Udokotela ohlinzayo ususa yonke noma ingxenye ye-mammary gland, kanye nengono kanye ne-areola (uma kwenzeka ukukhishwa ngokuphelele). Isibazi sima oblique noma siqondile, sisezingeni eliphansi ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi silulekela ngasekhwapheni.

Kwezinye izimo, a umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha ukuhlinzwa kokufakwa kwesifuba kwenziwa ngemuva nje kokususwa (ukwakhiwa kabusha ngokushesha), ukuze kugwenywe ukungenelela okuningi, kepha lo mkhuba useyivelakancane.

Ngokuya ngecala, ukulaliswa esibhedlela kuthatha izinsuku ezi-2 kuye kwezi-7 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, ukuze kuhlolwe inqubekela phambili efanele yokuphulukiswa (imisele, ebizwa nge-Redon drain, ibekwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa koketshezi esilondeni).

Kunikezwa ama-painkillers kanye nama-anticoagulants. Isilonda sithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola (amasonto ambalwa), futhi abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazokufundisa ukuthi ungasinakekela kanjani isibazi ngemva kokuhamba kwe-sutures edonsayo.

Nge-mastectomy eyingxenye, ukususa isimila kungashintsha ukwakheka kwesifuba. Ngokuya ngesimo, ukwelashwa nge-radiotherapy noma ngamakhemikhali kungasetshenziswa ngemuva kwe-mastectomy. Kuzo zonke izimo, ukulandelelwa kwezokwelapha okujwayelekile kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukuphinda futhi umdlavuza awuzange ube ne-metastasized.