Iyini ikhoni: incazelo, izakhi, izinhlobo

Kulolu shicilelo, sizocubungula incazelo, izakhi eziyinhloko kanye nezinhlobo zomumo ovame kakhulu emkhathini - ikhoni. Ulwazi olwethulwe luhambisana nemidwebo ehambisanayo ukuze kubonwe kangcono.

Incazelo yekhoni

Okulandelayo, sizocabangela uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-cone - isiyingi esiqondile. Okunye okuhlukile okungenzeka kwesibalo kufakwe ohlwini esigabeni sokugcina sokushicilelwa.

Ngakho, ikhoni eyindilinga eqondile - Lesi sibalo sejiyomethri esinezinhlangothi ezintathu esitholakala ngokuzungeza unxantathu ongakwesokudla eduze komunye wemilenze yawo, kulokhu kuzoba yi-axis yesibalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ngezinye izikhathi i-cone enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi ikhoni yenguquko.

Ikhoni emfanekisweni ongenhla itholakala ngenxa yokujikeleza kukanxantathu ongakwesokudla I-ACD (noma BCD) emlenzeni CD.

Izakhi eziyinhloko zekhoni

• R iyiradiyasi yendingilizi ekhona isisekelo sekhoni. Isikhungo sendilinga siyiphuzu D, ububanzi - ingxenye AB.
• h (CD) - ukuphakama kwekhoni, okuyi-axis yesibalo kanye nomlenze wonxantathu wesokudla I-ACD or I-BCD.
• Point C – phezulu kwekhoni.
• l (CA, CB, CL и CM) zingamajeneretha ekhoni; lawa amasegimenti axhuma phezulu kwekhoni ngamaphuzu kumjikelezo wesisekelo sayo.
• Ingxenye ye-axial yekhoni unxantathu we-isosceles ABC, okwakhiwa ngenxa yokuphambana kwekhoni ngendiza edlula eksisi yayo.
• Indawo yekhoni – iqukethe indawo yayo engemuva kanye nesisekelo. Amafomula okubala , kanye nekhoni eyindilinga engakwesokudla kuvezwa ezincwadini ezihlukene.

Kunobudlelwane phakathi kwegeneratrix yekhoni, ukuphakama kwayo kanye ne-radius yesisekelo (ngokusho):

l² =h² + R²

Iskena ikhoni - indawo engemuva yekhoni, etshalwe endizeni; iwumkhakha oyindilinga.

• ilingana nomjikelezo wesisekelo sekhoni (isb 2pR);
• α - i-angle yokushanela (noma i-engeli emaphakathi);
• l iyiradiyasi yomkhakha.

Qaphela: Sibuyekeze eziyinhloko encwadini ehlukile.

Izinhlobo zama-cones

1. ikhoni eqondile – inesisekelo esilinganayo. I-orthogonal projection ephezulu yalesi sibalo endizeni eyisisekelo iqondana nendawo emaphakathi yalesi sisekelo.
2. Ikhoni elitshekile (oblique). - i-orthogonal projection ephezulu yesibalo esisekelweni sayo ayihambisani nendawo yalesi sisekelo.
3. (i-conical layer) - ingxenye yekhoni ehlala phakathi kwesisekelo sayo kanye nendiza yokusika ehambisana nesisekelo esinikeziwe.
4. ikhoni eyindilinga Isisekelo somfanekiso siyindilinga. Kukhona futhi: ama-elliptic, ama-parabolic nama-hyperbolic cones.
5. i-equilateral cone - i-cone eqondile, i-generatrix elingana nobubanzi besisekelo sayo.