Ukuvuthwa njalo: yiziphi izingozi ezilindele abadla imifino esitolo segrosa eluhlaza?

Iningi lezithelo ezingatholakala kunoma iyiphi imakethe enhle noma esitolo esikhulu zihlukaniswa ngokwejwayelekile zibe Izigaba ze-3:

Okusele kusukela ekuvuneni kokugcina

· Imikhiqizo engenisiwe

Izitshalo ezitshalwe ku-greenhouse

Iqembu ngalinye linobuhle nobubi balo, kodwa liyathakazelisa ngokulinganayo kubathengi ngezikhathi ezahlukene zonyaka. Yiqiniso, umphakeli ngamunye uyayijabulela imikhiqizo yakhe, eqinisekisa ukuthi imifino noma izithelo zabo zingokwemvelo, zicebile ngama-trace elements futhi zikhule ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele. Kodwa kulula ukukhumbula ukuthi abathengi abaqaphelayo bayamangala kanjani, ngokwesibonelo, ngama-strawberries abomvu avuthiwe phakathi nobusika, amajikijolo ngamajikijolo akhethwe abalimi abanomusa, abahle futhi abanobukhulu obufanayo, kodwa, maye, abavamile ngisho nokujwayele ukude. ukunambitheka kanye nephunga. Zitshalwa kanjani izithelo ezinjalo futhi kuyingozi ukuzidla? Ake sibhekisise.

Ukugcizelela ukusheshisa

Ngokusho kwedatha ye-Expert and Analytical Center for Agribusiness, ngo-2017 isabelo sokungeniswa kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko zezithelo eRussia senyuke ngamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,9 uma kuqhathaniswa no-2016, ngamanye amazwi, imikhiqizo yezitshalo engeniswe evela phesheya yaba cishe ngama-70. % yezinhlobonhlobo zezitolo . Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpahla ezingenisiwe zithunyelwa ukuze zithengiswe esimweni esingavuthiwe futhi zilethwa "kwisimo" kakade eRussia. Yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziswayo ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokuvuthwa nokugcina izinhlobo ezithile zezithelo nemifino zizintsha?

1. Ukushisa ekamelweni legesi.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze ubhanana oluhlaza ufinyelele esimweni esijwayelekile kubantu baseRussia, kufanele ugcinwe ekamelweni legesi ku-+18 degrees Celsius, liwaveze engxubeni ye-ethylene ne-nitrogen. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo siyizinsuku eziyi-6, khona-ke ijikijolo (okungukuthi, ngokombono we-botany, ubhanana) lithola i-hue ephuzi ekhanyayo yekhasi, futhi i-pulp iba mnandi futhi ithenda. Kodwa-ke, amanani okuthengwa kwamanye amazwe, njengoba sibona kwizibalo, awavumeli abahlinzeki ukuthi bagcine izithelo ekamelweni isikhathi esingaphezu kwe-10, okungenani amahora angu-12. Ngakho-ke, ezitolo eziningi, sibona ubhanana uvuthwe ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenziwa ngenani elengeziwe legesi, okuvame ukubenza banganambitheki.

Uma sikhuluma ngezinga lomthelela wokudla okunjalo emzimbeni womuntu, khona-ke ngeke kwenzeke ukubiza ngokuthi kuyingozi ngokuphelele - ingxube ye-ethylene ne-nitrogen iyindlela ehlukile emisebeni yelanga, ngaphandle kokushintsha ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali komkhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, ukuba ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenziwa akukwenzi izithelo ezinjalo zibe usizo, zibancishe konke ukutholakala kwamavithamini adingeka kakhulu kumuntu - ngemva kwakho konke, angakhiwa ngezithelo kuphela ngaphansi kwethonya lokukhanya kwelanga lemvelo. Ingabe likhona iphuzu ekudleni umkhiqizo ocebile ngamakhalori, kodwa umpofu ekubunjweni kwe-microelement?

2. Ukufafaza izithelo ngamakhemikhali akhethekile.

Ngokuqinisekile ubonile ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo, isibonelo, ama-apula, zingatholakala ngokuthengiswa kunoma iyiphi inkathi yonyaka, kuyilapho ukubukeka kwazo kuzobe kuphelele. Ukufeza lo mphumela, abakhiqizi basebenzisa okuthiwa "i-apple botox" - isithasiselo se-E230 esibizwa ngokuthi i-diphenyl. Le nto igaywa kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi njengamafutha. Ngendlela, abacubungula ama-apula kuphela, kodwa futhi namapheya, upelepele, utamatisi, i-zucchini nezinye izithelo eziningi. I-biphenyl ivimbela ukukhula kwesikhunta namagciwane ebusweni bezithelo nemifino, ivimbele ukubola, ukuze zihlale zihlanzekile futhi zikhanga.

Kodwa, njenganoma iyiphi into etholwe ngamakhemikhali, i-E230 iqukethe ubuthi obuyingozi empilweni yomuntu, ngakho-ke isithasiselo sesivele sivinjelwe emazweni amaningi e-EU nase-United States. Ngakho-ke, i-diphenyl ingavusa ukukhula kwezimila eziyingozi, ibangele ukukhathala kwezinzwa, ikhulise imvamisa yokuquleka kwesithuthwane, njalonjalo. Ukuze uzivikele, kubalulekile ukuhlela ukugeza okuphelele kwezithelo nemifino ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ngesisombululo esikhethekile, iresiphi esinikeza ngayo ekupheleni kwesihloko.

I-Life Hack evela ku-VEGETARIAN

Ukuhlola ukuthi isithelo se-E230 osithengile sicutshunguliwe, sibambe ngaphansi kwamanzi ashisayo ahambayo cishe imizuzwana engama-20-30 bese ubheka phezulu ngokucophelela. Uma ifilimu enamafutha ibonakala emakhasini, isithelo noma imifino yayimbozwe ungqimba lwe-biphenyl!

3. Ukufafaza igesi ebulala isikhunta kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yezitshalo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi eside kwezitshalo endaweni yokugcina izinto, lapho zingalinda khona izinyanga ukuze zithunyelwe ukuze zibonise amacala, ziphathwa nge-fungicide, into enegesi ecindezela izinqubo zokubola futhi ibulale isikhunta.

I-fungicide ayinabungozi kubantu, njengoba inyamalala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuba izithelo zilethwe ekhawunteni.

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-nitrate nezibulala-zinambuzane ekulimeni.

Cishe kuwo wonke amazwe athuthukile emhlabeni, amakhemikhali anjenge-nitrate nezibulala-zinambuzane asetshenziswa kakhulu lapho kufafazwa izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla ezikhulayo. Ziphephile kubantu uma zisetshenziswe ngezilinganiso ezifanele, futhi zikuvumela ukuba usheshise ukuvuthwa kwezithelo, amajikijolo nemifino, kanye nokuvimbela ukubonakala kwezinambuzane kuzo.

Ngeshwa, kaningi, abalimi kanye nawo wonke amapulazi e-horticultural anda ngokuzimela umthamo wamakhemikhali ukuze bavune ngokushesha futhi ngamanani amakhulu - imikhiqizo enjalo ayisasizi futhi ingaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene zezempilo. Kunezindlela ezimbalwa zokuhlola ukweqisa kwe-nitrate namanye amakhemikhali esithelweni ngasinye:

Zama ukuwaphula endaweni eqondile - udonga noma ingilazi - uma isithelo noma imifino ihlala iqinile kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ngemuva komthelela, akufanele idliwe, uma iqhekeka, ayinabungozi. Indlela akuyona eyawo wonke umuntu, kodwa enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu!

Sebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile - imitha ye-nitrate, enenkomba ekhethekile ye-nitrate ebonisa amanani aphephile futhi ayingozi. Ngophenyo oluhlomeswe ngalo noma yimuphi umhloli, babhoboza ijikijolo, isithelo noma imifino, bacindezele inkinobho bese bebamba idivayisi inganyakazi isikhathi esingengaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-5. Idatha etholwe phakathi nocwaningo olusheshayo olunjalo, ngokusho kwezibalo, lungathenjwa ezimweni eziningi.

Sika ubuso besithelo - uma imigqa emhlophe noma izindawo ezikhanyayo ku-pulp zibonakala, akufanele uzidle.

Qaphela umbala wesikhumba - isibonelo, ikhukhamba engazange iphathwe ngamakhemikhali, umbala wesikhumba uhlale uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ama-pimples athambile. Kodwa lapho ukhetha izaqathe noma amazambane, kubalulekile ukugxila ekungabikho kwamabala aluhlaza noma aphuzi ebusweni.

Ungazivikela kanjani?

Okokuqala, ungawathembi amalebula ahlinzekwa yisitolo noma umdayisi ngakolunye uhlangothi. Ngokungabaza okuncane mayelana nemvelo yemifino, izithelo noma amajikijolo owabona efasiteleni, unelungelo lokufuna isitifiketi sekhwalithi ngokuqondile kumkhiqizi.

Okwesibili, ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo kufanele zifakwe kwisisombululo esikhethekile esivela emikhiqizweni elula:

1. Ama-apula, amapheya, amazambane, izaqathe, upelepele, ukhukhamba, amakhabe, ama-radishes, i-zucchini nezinye izithelo ezinesikhumba esiqinile zingahlungwa ungqimba oluphezulu lwamakhemikhali ngokubunjwa okulula: 1 tbsp soda no-1 tbsp. ijusi lemon exutshwe ingilazi yamanzi futhi bathele ibhodlela spray. Sifafaza isixazululo ezitshalweni, futhi emva kwemizuzu emi-5 siyigeza ngaphansi kwamanzi agobhozayo. Umkhiqizo ungagcinwa esiqandisini kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-4.

2. Izinqwaba zemifino zingakhululwa ku-nitrate ngokumane zifake imizuzu engu-10-20 esixazululweni samanzi afudumele nge-1 ithisipuni kasawoti. Ngemuva kwalokho, imifino kufanele igezwe futhi ngamanzi agelezayo.

3. Ukuze ususe izithelo zeminonjana ye-definil (E230), ipharafini, kungcono ukusika ngokuphelele ikhasi ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

4. Ama-Strawberries, ama-strawberries asendle, ama-raspberries azohlanzwa ngamakhemikhali ayingozi kwisisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate, uma wehlisa lapho isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engu-3-4.

5. Uma kungekho sifiso sokwenza izixazululo, noma yiziphi izithelo zingacwiliswa esitsheni samanzi apholile amahora angu-3-4, esikhundleni se-liquid esitsheni njalo ngemizuzu engu-40-50. Ngemuva kwenqubo, yonke imikhiqizo igezwa futhi ngaphansi komfula wamanzi apholile noma afudumele.

shiya impendulo