Okuqukethwe
Uma ungakawazi ama-macros ku-Excel, nginomona kancane. Umuzwa wokuba namandla onke kanye nokuqaphela ukuthi iMicrosoft Excel yakho ingathuthukiswa icishe ibe ngokungapheli ezoza kuwe ngemva kokwazi ama-macros kuwumuzwa omnandi.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sihloko senzelwe labo asebevele "bafunde amandla" futhi sebeqale ukusebenzisa ama-macros (angaphandle noma abhalwe ngokwabo - akunandaba) emsebenzini wabo wansuku zonke.
I-macro ikhodi (imigqa eminingana) olimini olubonakalayo oluyisisekelo eyenza i-Excel yenze lokho okudingayo: cubungula idatha, yenza umbiko, kopisha-namathisele amathebula amaningi aphindaphindayo, njll. Umbuzo uthi ungayigcina kuphi le migqa embalwa yekhodi? Ngemuva kwakho konke, lapho i-macro igcinwe khona izoncika lapho ingasebenza khona (noma ayikwazi) ukusebenza.
I-Если макрос решает небольшую локальную проблему в отдельно взятом файле (isibonelo, обрабатывает внесенные в конкретноный обрабатывает) то логично хранить код внутри этого же файла. Без вопросов.
Futhi uma i-macro kufanele ibe yindawo yonke futhi idingeke kunoma iyiphi incwadi yokusebenzela ye-Excel - njengesibonelo, i-macro yokuguqula amafomula abe amanani? Kungani ungakopishi ikhodi yakhe ye-Visual Basic encwadini ngayinye ngaso sonke isikhathi? Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokushesha noma kamuva, cishe noma yimuphi umsebenzisi ufika esiphethweni sokuthi kungaba kuhle ukubeka wonke ama-macros ebhokisini elilodwa, okungukuthi abe nawo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi mhlawumbe ungagijimi ngesandla, kodwa ngezinqamuleli zekhibhodi? Kulapho i-Personal Macro Workbook ingaba usizo olukhulu.
Uyenza kanjani i-Personal Macro Book
Empeleni, Incwadi yomuntu siqu ye-Macros (LMB) iyifayela le-Excel elijwayelekile ngefomethi yencwadi yokusebenza kanambambili (Okomuntu siqu.xlsb), evula ngokuzenzakalelayo kwimodi yokufihla ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-Microsoft Excel. Labo. lapho usanda kuqala i-Excel noma uvula noma yiliphi ifayela kudiski, amafayela amabili ayavulwa ngempela - eyakho nePersonal.xlsb, kodwa asiliboni elesibili. Ngakho-ke, wonke ama-macros agcinwe ku-LMB ayatholakala ukuze athulwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngenkathi i-Excel ivuliwe.
Uma ungakaze usebenzise i-LMB, khona-ke ekuqaleni ifayela le-Personal.xlsb alikho. Indlela elula yokuyidala ukuqopha i-macro engasho lutho nerekhoda, kodwa ucacise Ibhuku Lomuntu Siqu njengendawo yokuyigcina - khona-ke i-Excel izophoqeleka ukuthi ikudalele yona ngokuzenzakalelayo. Kwalokhu:
- Chofoza Unjiniyela (Unjiniyela). Uma amathebhu Unjiniyela ayibonakali, bese inganikwa amandla kuzilungiselelo nge Ifayela – Izinketho – Ukusethwa kweRibhoni (Ikhaya - Izinketho - Yenza ngokwezifiso i Iribhoni).
- Kuthebhu ethuthukisiwe Unjiniyela ukuchofoza Ukuqoshwa kweMacro (Rekhoda imakhro). Ewindini elivulayo, khetha i-Personal Macro Book (Incwadi Yokusebenza Yakho Yemakhro) njengendawo yokugcina ikhodi ebhaliwe bese ucindezela OK:
- Misa ukurekhoda ngenkinobho Misa Ukuqopha (Misa ukuqopha) ithebhu Unjiniyela (Unjiniyela)
Ungahlola umphumela ngokuchofoza inkinobho Visual Basic khona lapho kuthebhu. Unjiniyela – efasiteleni lomhleli elivuliwe ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele kuphaneli Iphrojekthi - Iphrojekthi ye-VBA ifayela lethu kufanele livele OWAMUNTU. I-XLSB. Igatsha layo elinganwetshwa ngophawu lokuhlanganisa kwesokunxele, lifinyelele Imojula1, lapho kugcinwa khona ikhodi ye-macro engasho lutho esisanda kuyiqopha:
Halala, usanda kwakheka eyakho i-Personal Macro Book! Ungakhohlwa ukuchofoza inkinobho yokulondoloza nge-floppy disk ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele lebha yamathuluzi.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Personal Macro Book
Khona-ke konke kulula. Noma iyiphi imakhro oyidingayo (okungukuthi ucezu lwekhodi oluqala ngalo Okungaphansi kanye nesiphetho Qeda i-Sub) ingakopishwa ngokuphephile futhi inamathiselwe ku Imojula1, noma kumojula ehlukile, eyengeza ngaphambilini ngemenyu Faka – Imojula. Ukugcina wonke ama-macros kumojula eyodwa noma ukuwendlalela kwamanye ahlukene kuyindaba yokunambitha kuphela. Kufanele ibukeke kanje:
Ungasebenzisa i-macro eyengeziwe ebhokisini lengxoxo elibizwa ngenkinobho amamakhro (Amakhrosi) ithebhu Unjiniyela:
Efasiteleni elifanayo, ngokuchofoza inkinobho Amapharamitha (Izinketho), ungasetha isinqamuleli sekhibhodi ukuze uqalise ngokushesha i-macro kusuka kukhibhodi. Qaphela: izinqamuleli zekhibhodi zamamakhro zihlukanisa phakathi kwesakhiwo (noma isiNgisi) nekesi.
Ngaphezu kwezinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-macro eNcwadini Yakho, ungagcina futhi imisebenzi ye-macro yangokwezifiso (UDF = Umsebenzi Ochazwe Umsebenzisi). Ngokungafani nezinqubo, ikhodi yokusebenza iqala ngesitatimende Umsebenzior Umsebenzi Womphakathi, bese iphetha ngokuthi Qeda Umsebenzi:
Ikhodi kufanele ikopishwe ngendlela efanayo kunoma iyiphi imojula yencwadi ethi PERSONAL.XLSB, bese uzokwazi ukubiza umsebenzi ngendlela evamile, njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi ojwayelekile we-Excel, ngokucindezela inkinobho. fx kubha yefomula nokukhetha umsebenzi efasiteleni Umsebenzi Wizards esigabeni Ukuchazwa Komsebenzisi (Umsebenzisi Uchaziwe):
Izibonelo zemisebenzi enjalo zingatholakala ngobuningi ku-inthanethi noma lapha kusayithi (inani emagameni, ukusesha kombhalo okulinganiselwe, i-VLOOKUP 2.0, ukuguqula isiCyrillic sibe ukuguqulwa kwamaletha, njll.)
Igcinwe kuphi i-Personal Macro Book?
Uma usebenzisa i-Personal Book of Macros, khona-ke maduze uzoba nesifiso:
- yabelana ngamamakhro akho anqwabelene nabanye abasebenzisi
- kopisha futhi udlulisele Incwadi Yomuntu Siqu kwenye ikhompyutha
- yenza ikhophi eyisipele
Ukwenza lokhu, uzodinga ukuthola ifayela elithi PERSONAL.XLSB kudiski yekhompyutha yakho. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, leli fayela ligcinwa kufolda yokuqalisa ye-Excel ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-XLSTART. Ngakho-ke okudingekayo nje ukufika kule folda ku-PC yethu. Futhi kulapho kuvela khona inkinga encane, ngoba indawo yale folda incike enguqulweni yeWindows neHhovisi futhi ingahluka. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngenye yezinketho ezilandelayo:
- C:Amafayela OhleloMicrosoft Office12XLSTART
- C:Amadokhumenti kanye nezilungiseleloIdatha yesicelo sekhompyuthaMicrosoftExcelXLSTART
- C: Abasebenzisiigama-akhawunti yakhoI-AppDataRoamingMicrosoftExcelXLSTART
Kungenjalo, ungabuza i-Excel ngokwayo indawo yale folda usebenzisa i-VBA. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ku-Visual Basic editor (inkinobho Visual Basic ithebhu Unjiniyela) нужно открыть окно ngokushesha isinqamuleli sekhibhodi I-Ctrl + G, thayipha umyalo ? Uhlelo lokusebenza.Indlela Yokuqalisa bese uchofoza Faka:
Indlela ewumphumela ingakopishwa futhi inamathiselwe kulayini ongaphezulu wefasitela le-Explorer kuWindows bese uchofoza Faka - futhi sizobona ifolda enefayela lethu elithi Personal Book of Macros:
PS
Futhi ama-nuances ambalwa asebenzayo ekuphishekeleni:
- lapho usebenzisa i-Personal Macro Book, i-Excel izohamba kancane, ikakhulukazi kuma-PC abuthaka
- kufanelekile ukusula iNcwadi Yakho ngezikhathi ezithile kudoti wolwazi, ama-macro amadala nangenasidingo, njll.
- abasebenzisi bezinkampani ngezinye izikhathi baba nobunzima ekusebenziseni Incwadi Yomuntu Siqu, tk. leli yifayela kufolda efihliwe yesistimu
- Ayini ama-macros nokuthi ungawasebenzisa kanjani emsebenzini wakho
- Ukusebenziseka komhleli we-VBA
- Ukuqeqesha "Ukuhlela ama-macros ku-VBA ku-Microsoft Excel"