Abesilisa nabesifazane abakhangayo babonakala kithi behlakaniphe, bethandeka kakhulu futhi bephumelela kakhudlwana, ngisho noma eqinisweni bengenalo lokuziqhayisa ngalo ngaphandle kobuhle. Izintandokazi ezinjalo sezivele zibonakala ezinganeni ezinonyaka owodwa futhi zanda kuphela ngeminyaka.
Sivame ukutshelwa ukuthi: “ungahluleli ngokubukeka”, “ungazalwa umuhle”, “ungaphuzi amanzi ebusweni bakho”. Kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi siqala ukuhlola ukuthi umuntu angethenjwa yini ekuqaleni kwemizuzwana engu-0,05 ngemva kokubona ubuso bakhe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abantu abaningi babheka cishe ubuso obufanayo njengobuthembekile - bubuhle. Ngisho nalapho kuziwa kubantu bohlanga oluhlukile, imibono mayelana nokukhanga kwabo iyafana ngokumangalisayo.
Ukuhlola ukuthi izingane zisabela kanjani kubantu ezingabazi ngokusekelwe ekuthandeni kwabo, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ezivela eNyuvesi Yezesayensi Nezobuchwepheshe yaseHangzhou (eShayina) zenze ucwaningo lapho izingane ezingu-138 ezineminyaka eyi-8, 10 kanye neyi-12 ubudala, kanye (ukuqhathanisa) nabafundi abangama-37.1.
Besebenzisa uhlelo lwekhompiyutha, ososayensi benza izithombe zobuso besilisa abangu-200 (inkulumo engathathi hlangothi, ukubuka okuqondiswe ngqo phambili) futhi bacela ababambiqhaza bocwaningo ukuthi balinganisele ukuthi lobu buso buthembekile yini. Ngemva kwenyanga, lapho abafundi sebekwazile ukukhohlwa ubuso ababekhonjiswe kubo, baphinde bamenyelwa endaweni yokucwaninga, baboniswa izithombe ezifanayo, futhi bacelwa ukuba balinganise ukukhanga okungokomzimba kwalaba bantu abafanayo.
Ngisho nezingane ezineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili zathola ubuso obufanayo buhle futhi buthembekile.
Kwavela ukuthi izingane, ngisho nalapho zineminyaka engu-8, zibheka ubuso obufanayo njengobuhle futhi buthembekile. Nokho, kule minyaka, izinqumo mayelana nobuhle zingahluka kakhulu. Lapho izingane zazindadlana, ngokuvamile imibono yazo mayelana nokuthi ubani omuhle nokuthi ubani ongeyena, iqondana nemibono yabanye ontanga nabantu abadala. Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukungqubuzana ekuhloleni kwezingane ezincane kuhlotshaniswa nokungavuthwa kobuchopho babo - ikakhulukazi okuthiwa i-amygdala, esiza ukucubungula ulwazi lomzwelo.
Nokho, uma kuziwa endabeni yokukhanga, izilinganiso zezingane zazifana kakhulu nezabantu abadala. Ngokusobala, sifunda ukuqonda ukuthi ubani omuhle nokuthi ubani ongeyena, kakade kusukela esemncane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane zivame ukunquma ukuthi yimuphi umuntu ofanele ukwethenjwa, futhi ngokuvumelana nezabo, izinqubo ezikhethekile (isibonelo, ngokufana kwangaphandle nobuso babo noma ubuso besihlobo esiseduze).
1 F. Ma et al. «Izahlulelo Zokwethembeka Kobuso Bezingane: Isivumelwano Nobudlelwano Nokuheha Kobuso», Frontiers in Psychology, April 2016.