Ngokwemvelo, ungathola izilwane ezinkulu ukudla kwazo okuqukethe kuphela ukudla kwezitshalo. Laba badla imifino yangempela. Ufudu lwaseGalapagos lwehlukile kozakwabo ngobukhulu balo obukhulu: ubude begobolondo bungaba ngamasentimitha angama-130 nesisindo esifinyelela kuma-300 kilograms.
Indawo yokuhlala yalesi silwane esikhulu iziQhingi zaseGalapagos, noma njengoba zibizwa nangokuthi iTurtle Islands. Umlando wegama lalezi zizwe uhlobene kakhulu nezimfudu zaseGalapagos. Lapho amatilosi efika eziqhingini ngekhulu le-15, athola ukuthi ahlala inani elikhulu lama- “Galapagos” amakhulu, okusho ufudu ngeSpanishi.
Izimfudu zaseGalapagos zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zingajabulela impilo kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-180. Yize ososayensi berekhode amacala amabili lapho lesi silwane esithandekayo siphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-300: ICairo Zoo 1992, ineminyaka ecishe ibe yiminyaka engama-400, ufudu lweduna lafa futhi endaweni efanayo, ngo-2006 “unkosikazi” womdondoshiya omude isibindi eneminyaka engu-315 ubudala sashona. ukuthi isisindo nobukhulu bezimfudu zaseGalapagos zingahluka ngendawo yokuhlala. Isibonelo, eziqhingini ezomile nezincane, izilwane zinemilenze emide futhi ezacile, futhi isisindo sazo asidluli amakhilogremu angama-60, kanti ezifundeni ezinomswakama zikhula zibe yimidondoshiya.
Ukudla kwezimfudu ezinkulu kuqukethe cishe ama-90% wokudla kwezitshalo. Zidla ngenjabulo utshani, izihlahlana futhi azibalekeli ngisho nezitshalo ezinobuthi, ezicoleka kalula ngohlelo lwazo lokugaya ukudla ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo. Lapho izingela “okokuphatha okuluhlaza,” ufudu lwendlovu lolula intamo yalo noma, kunalokho, luguqa phansi ngaphezu komhlaba. Izibiliboco azithanda kakhulu yi-manzanilla nezitshalo eziphakathi kwamapheya emndenini we-cactus. Zidle ngobuningi bazo, bese zimunca amalitha amaningi amanzi. Ngokushoda komswakama, ufudu luqeda ukoma kwalo ngamapheya afanayo ayinyama.
Ubhejane omnyama uyisilwane esinamandla, isakhamuzi sezwekazi lase-Afrika (onqenqemeni lokuqothulwa!). Ubude bomzimba wayo bungamamitha amathathu, kanti isisindo sayo singadlula amathani amabili. Obhejane banamathele kakhulu endaweni yabo, ngakho-ke nesomiso esibi kakhulu asikwazi ukuphoqa isilwane ukuthi sifuduke. Ukudla kukabhejane omnyama kunezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo.
Lawa ikakhulukazi amahlumela amancane ezihlahla, i-aloe, i-agave-sansevieria, i-euphorbia, nezitshalo zohlobo lwe-Acacia. Isilwane asiwesabi umuthi we-acrid nameva anameva ezihlahleni. Njengeminwe, ubhejane usebenzisa udebe lwaphezulu ukuze abambe amahlumela ezihlahla, ezama ukwanelisa isifiso sokudla nokoma. Ngesikhathi esishisayo sosuku, obhejane abamnyama bayalala emthunzini wezihlahla noma bageze udaka eduze kwempophoma, kuthi kusihlwa noma ekuseni kakhulu bayofuna ukudla.
Yize ubukhulu bawo bukhulu kangaka, ubhejane umgijimi oncomekayo, yize ewumbhuqu ngokubukeka, kodwa ekwazi ukufinyelela ngejubane elifinyelela kumakhilomitha angama-50 ngehora. Obhejane abamnyama bakhetha ukuhlala bodwa, ngumama kanye nezinyane kuphela okungatholwa ngababili. Lezi zilwane ezinkulu zihlukaniswa nokuthula, ziyakwazi ukusiza abanye abantu ezikhathini ezinzima.
I-Koala noma ibhere lase-Australia
UKoala ubukeka njengewundlu lebhere elincane. Unengubo enhle, ikhala eliyisicaba, nezindlebe ezicwebezelayo. Uhlala emahlathini ase-Australia. I-koala ichitha isikhathi esiningi ezihlahleni zikagamthilini. Ugibela kuzo ngobuciko, yize ehamba kancane. Akavamile ukwehlela phansi, ikakhulukazi ukuze agibele kwesinye isihlahla, esikude kakhulu ukuba singagxumela kuso.
I-koala idla ngokukhethekile ku-eucalyptus. Ikhonza ama-koala njengekhaya nokudla. Ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zonyaka, i-koala ikhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene zikagamthilini ukuze zidliwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi u-eucalyptus uqukethe i-hydrocyanic acid enobuthi, futhi kuya ngesizini, okuqukethwe yile asidi emadwala ahlukahlukene kuyahlukahluka. I-microflora eyingqayizivele yamathumbu ama-koalas ayinciphisi imiphumela yalobu buthi. I-koala idla cishe ikhilogremu lamaqabunga ngosuku. Kwesinye isikhathi bayakwazi ukudla kanye nomhlaba ukuze bagcwalise ukuphakelwa komzimba ngamaminerali.
AmaKoala ahamba kancane kakhulu, angahlala enganyakazi kuze kube amahora angama-18. Imvamisa zilala emini, kuthi ebusuku zihambe zisuka esihlahleni ziye kwesinye zifuna ukudla.
Ukukhula kwe-koala endala kufinyelela kuma-85 cm, kanti isisindo sisuka ku-4 kuye ku-13 kg.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ama-koala, njengabantu, anephethini emaphepheni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izigxivizo zeminwe ze-koala nomuntu kuzoba nzima ukuhlukanisa ngisho noma kubukwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu.
Indlovu yase-Afrika
Indlovu yisilwane esincelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wethu. Ubukhulu bayo bufinyelela amathani ayishumi nambili. Banobuchopho obukhulu kakhulu obufinyelela ku-6 kg. Akumangalisi ukuthi izindlovu zithathwa njengesinye sezilwane ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Banenkumbulo enhle. Abakhumbuli nje kuphela indawo abake baba kuyo kodwa futhi nesimo esihle noma esibi sabantu ngakubo.
Izindlovu ziyizidalwa ezinhle. Umboko wabo umane wenza izinto ngendlela emangalisayo, ngosizo lwayo indlovu ingakwazi: ukudla, ukuphuza, ukuphefumula, ukushawa ngisho nokwenza imisindo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi indlovu inenqwaba yemisipha esiqwini sayo. Izimpondo zezindlovu nazo zinamandla kakhulu. Zikhula kuyo yonke impilo. Izinyo lendlovu liyathandwa ngabantu futhi, ngeshwa, izindlovu eziningi ziyafa ngenxa yalo. Ukuhweba akuvunyelwe, kodwa ngeshwa, lokhu akubanqandi abazingeli abangekho emthethweni. Izishoshovu zamalungelo ezilwane zize nendlela ethokozisayo nenempumelelo yokuvikela izindlovu: ziqinisa izilwane okwesikhashana bese zipenda amazinyo azo ngopende opinki. Lo pende awugezwa, futhi leli thambo alifanele ukwenza izikhumbuzo.
Izindlovu zidla kakhulu. Lapho isikhulile, indlovu idla cishe ama-136 kilograms ngosuku. Zidla izithelo, utshani, namagxolo, kanye nezimpande zezihlahla. Balala kancane, cishe amahora amane, leso sikhathi abasichitha behamba amabanga amade.
Ukukhulelwa kulezi zilwane ezinkulu kuhlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunezinye izilwane, izinyanga ezingama-22. Ngokuvamile, insikazi izala ingane eyodwa yendlovu njalo eminyakeni emi-4. Isisindo sendlovu encane cishe singama-90 kg, futhi ukuphakama kwayo cishe kuyimitha. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obukhulu, izindlovu azibhukudi kahle kuphela kodwa futhi zingabagijimi abakahle, zifinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-30 km ngehora.
Inyathi - inyathi yaseYurophu
Inyathi yaseYurophu iyisilwane esincelisayo esikhulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Lesi silwane esinamandla nesinamandla yilona kuphela uhlobo lwezinkunzi ezinkulu olusindile kuze kube namuhla. Isisindo sesilwane esikhulile singafinyelela ithani elingu-1, kanti ubude bomzimba bufinyelela kuma-300 cm. Lesi silwane esinamandla sifinyelela usayizi waso omkhulu ngeminyaka eyisithupha. Izinyathi zinamandla futhi zinkulu, kepha lokhu akuzivimbeli ekubeni zihambe futhi zinqobe kalula izithiyo ezingafika kumamitha amabili ukuphakama. Izinyathi ziphila cishe iminyaka engama-25, abesifazane baphila iminyaka eminingana ngaphansi kwabesilisa.
Ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezinamandla kangaka, lezi uma uzithi nhla, izilwane ezinesabekayo aziyona ingozi kwabanye abantu basehlathini, ngoba ukudla kwazo kudla imifino kuphela. Ukudla kwabo kuqukethe amahlumela namahlumela ezihlahla, amakhambi namakhowe. Ama-Acorn namantongomane kuzoba ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu ekwindla. Izinyathi zihlala emihlambini. Ngokuyinhloko iqukethe abesifazane nezingane. Abesilisa bakhetha ukuba bodwa bese bebuyela emhlambini bayohlangana. Ukukhulelwa enyongolweni yabesifazane kuthatha izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye. Futhi ngemuva kwehora izelwe, inyathi encane ingakwazi ukuzimela futhi igijime ilandele unina. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-20, usevele udle utshani yedwa. Kepha izinyanga ezinhlanu, insikazi iyaqhubeka nokondla leli cubha ngobisi.
Izinyathi ezake zahlala endle cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kodwa ukuzingelwa kwazo njalo kwaholela ekuqothulweni kwazo.
Ukuzalela nokwengeza ukujwayela kwenza ukuthi kube lula ukubuyisela lezi zilwane ezinhle endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Izinyathi zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Zibhalwe kuRed Book futhi ukuzingelwa kwazo akuvunyelwe.