I-Uriceaemia ukugcwala kwe-uric acid egazini. Le asidi ye-uric ibangelwa ukuwohloka kwemikhiqizo ye-nitrogen, kulandela i-catabolism yama-nucleic acid akhona emzimbeni (i-DNA ne-RNA), noma ukubhujiswa kwama-purines amuncwa ngokudla. I-Uric acid ikhishwa ngokuyinhloko ngomchamo. Ukwanda kwamazinga e-uric acid, okubizwa ngokuthi i-hyperuricaemia, kungase kubangele i-gout noma i-urolithiasis. I-Hypo-uricemia ngezinye izikhathi ibonakala ngemva kokuthatha imithi ethile. Ukwamukela imikhuba emihle yokudla kusiza ukugcina i-uricemia efanele.

I-Uriceaemia yizinga le-uric acid ku-plasma yegazi. Le uric acid iwumkhiqizo obangelwa ukuwohloka kwemikhiqizo ye-nitrogen: ngakho-ke, kungaba umphumela we-catabolism yama-nucleic acid akhona emzimbeni ngesimo se-DNA ne-RNA, noma okukhiqizwa ukuwohloka kwama-purines adliwe ngesikhathi sokudla. Ngakho-ke i-uric acid iyimfucuza ekhiqizwa umzimba, ikakhulukazi lapho, ngesikhathi sokufa nokuvuselelwa kwamangqamuzana, yehlisa isithunzi sama-molecule e-DNA ne-RNA (ama-molecule athwala ulwazi lofuzo lomuntu futhi avumele ukuhunyushwa kwawo kube amaprotheni).

I-uric acid itholakala egazini, lapho isatshalaliswa khona phakathi kwamaplasma kanye namaseli egazi, nasezicutshini. I-Uric acid ayinakuguqulwa, njengezinyoni, iye ku-allantoin: empeleni, abantu abanayo i-enzyme ekwazi ukukhipha i-uric acid ngale ndlela ye-allantoin. Ngakho-ke le uric acid, ebantwini, izokhishwa ikakhulukazi ngomchamo.

• Uma okuqukethwe kwegazi i-uric acid kuphezulu, kunganqwabelana emalungeni futhi kudale ukuvuvukala kubangele ukuhlaselwa yi-gout, okubuhlungu kakhulu.
• Uma iqoqa endaweni yokuchama, ingadala i-urolithiasis, futhi ngokuba khona kwamatshe, nakho kubangele ubuhlungu obukhulu.

I-Uricaemia kufanele yenziwe uma udokotela esola ukwanda kwe-uric acid egazini. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kwezinto eziphilayo kuzokwenziwa ikakhulukazi:

• uma umtholampilo esola isiqephu se-gout, lapho isiguli sinezinhlungu ezihlangene;
• ukuqapha izifo ezithile lapho kukhona khona i-hyperuricaemia, njengokuhluleka kwezinso noma izifo ezithile zegazi; 
• ukulandela ukuphuza imishanguzo ethile efana ne-diuretics evimba ukususwa kwe-uric acid ngomchamo; 
• uma kwenzeka udla ngokweqile, nakho okungadala ukwanda kwezinga le-uric acid; 
• ukuqapha i-hypo-uricemia;
• ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukuthola i-hyperuricemia engenzeka;
• kubantu abaye baba namatshe ezinso e-uric acid noma e-urate;
• yokuqapha izifundo ezivele ziveza i-uricemia ephakeme, ukuze kutholakale ubungozi bezinkinga zezinso.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-uric acid kuzohlanganiswa kaningi nalokho kokutadisha ukusebenza kwezinso, ngokulinganisa izinga le-creatinine egazini.

Ukunqunywa kwezinto eziphilayo kwe-uric acid kwenziwa inqubo ye-enzymatic, ku-serum, kulandela ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Lesi sampuli segazi sithathwa esigulini esizila ukudla, futhi kude nesidlo esiniselwa. I-venipuncture ivame ukwenziwa lapho kungangenwa khona endololwaneni. Kwenziwa elabhorethri yokuhlaziywa kwezokwelapha, imvamisa edolobheni, kulandela imiyalo kadokotela. Ngokwesilinganiso, imiphumela iyatholakala kungakapheli amahora angu-24 wokuqoqwa.

I-Uric acid ijikeleza egazini emazingeni ajwayelekile kwabesifazane abaphakathi kuka-150 no-360 µmol ngelitha, nakwabesilisa abaphakathi kuka-180 no-420 µmol ngelitha. Izinga elijwayelekile kubantu abadala, ngo-mg ngelitha ngalinye, kuvame ukubhekwa ukuthi liphakathi kuka-25 kuye ku-60 kwabesifazane naku-35 kuye ku-70 kwabesilisa. Ezinganeni, kufanele kube phakathi kuka-20 no-50 mg ngelitha (okungukuthi u-120 kuye ku-300 µmol ngelitha ngalinye).

Uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hyperuricemia, ngakho-ke nge-uric acid concentration enkulu kune-360 µmol / litre kwabesifazane futhi ingaphezulu kwe-420 µmol / ilitha emadodeni, isiguli sisengozini yokuhlaselwa yisi sifo noma i-urolithiasis.

• I-Gout yisifo esihlangene sokuhlangana komzimba, esithinta kakhulu uzwane olukhulu, kepha kwesinye isikhathi futhi namajoyinti amaqakala namadolo. Kubangelwa ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-uric acid egazini okuholela ekuqongeleleni kwamalunga wamakhemikhali wamakristalu e-urate, nokuvuvukala. Ukwelashwa kokuhlaselwa okunamandla kuvame ukuthembela ku-colchicine. I-Hyperuricemia ingalwelwa ngokususa noma yiziphi izimbangela ze-hyperuricemia, kanye ne-xanthine oxidase inhibitors (le enzyme iguqula i-molecule ebizwa ngokuthi i-xanthine ibe yi-uric acid).

   

• I-Urolithiasis ubukhona bamatshe endleleni yokukhishwa komchamo, okubangelwa ukwakheka kwamakristalu.

I-Hypo-uricemia, okungukuthi i-uric acid concentration engaphansi kuka-150 µmol / litre kwabesifazane kanye ne-180 µmol / litre emadodeni, ibonwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwe-urico-kuondoa noma kwe-urico-braking.

Ezikhathini zasendulo, iziqephu ze-gout zazibikwa njengomphumela wokudla ngokweqile nokuphuza. Kepha kule minyaka eyishumi edlule lapho kuvele ukuqonda okubanzi kwezici zokudla ezihambisana ne-hyperuricemia ne-gout. Ngakho-ke, kaningi, ukondla ngokweqile kunomthelela ekwandeni kwe-uric acidemia ye-oda le-10 mg / ml. Ngokuyinhloko, kwabesilisa abadala abane-uricaemia phakathi kuka-60 no-70 mg / ml, ukwanda okunjalo kungachaya i-gout.

Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, inyama ebomvu eyeqile ekudleni naseziphuzweni ezidakayo kwase kuqashelwa njengezinto ezibangela i-gout, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imifino nezitshalo ezicebile ngama-purines azibandakanyi, njengoba ucwaningo oluningi luye lwabonisa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izici ezintsha zobungozi, ebezingakabonwa, zihlonziwe, okuhlanganisa i-fructose neziphuzo ezinoshukela. Okokugcina, kubikwe izici zokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yobisi ekhiqiziwe.

I-Gout ayivezwa nje kuphela ngokunyuka kwe-uric acid, iziqephu ezingaba khona zesifo samathambo kanye nomonakalo ongapheli, kepha futhi ingahlotshaniswa nokuqina okunamandla, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo. Ukwamukela imikhuba yokudla enempilo kuzosiza ekulawuleni kangcono i-uricemia nokunciphisa izifo ezihambisana nakho.