I-Sadam (i-Algo-dysfunctional Mandicator System Syndrome) noma i-Costen Syndrome yisimo esivame kakhulu kodwa esingaziwa lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kwelunga lomhlathi ongezansi kungase kubangele ubuhlungu nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi kukhubazeke kakhulu. Imvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yalesi syndrome ingaba umsuka wephutha lokuxilonga futhi imvamisa yenza ukuphathwa kube nzima.

Incazelo

I-Sadam (i-Algo-dysfunctional syndrome ye-mandator apparatus), ebizwa nangokuthi i-Costen's syndrome, yisimo esihlobene nokungasebenzi kahle kwelunga eliphakathi kwethambo lesikhashana le-cranial kanye ne-mandible, eyenza umhlathi ongezansi. Kuholela ekubonakalisweni okuguquguqukayo, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu bendawo noma obukude kanye nezinkinga zemishini yomhlathi, kodwa futhi nezinye izimpawu ezingacacile kakhulu.

I-anomalies ehilelekile ingathinta izici ezihlukahlukene ze-manducatory apparatus, okuhlanganisa:

• izindawo ze-articular zethambo lesikhashana kanye neziphetho eziyindilinga (condyles) zomhlathi ophansi, ombozwe uqwanga,
• i-articular disc evala ikhanda le-condyle futhi ivimbele ukungqubuzana,
• imisipha yokugaya kanye nemisipha,
• izindawo zokuvala amazinyo (igama elithi ukuvaleka kwamazinyo lichaza indlela amazinyo ami ngayo ngokuhloniphana lapho umlomo uvaliwe).

Izimbangela nezici zobungozi

 I-Sadam inemvelaphi eminingi, enezimbangela eziningi ezivame ukuhlangana.

Ukuphazamiseka kokuvaleka kwamazinyo kuvame ukutholakala: amazinyo awahlangani kahle ngenxa yokuthi awahambelani kahle, ngenxa yokuthi amanye alahlekile (adukile), noma ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi wamazinyo awenziwanga kahle.

I-Hypercontraction yemisipha yomhlathi, uyazi noma cha, kuvamile. Lokhu kungezwani kungabangela i-bruxism, okusho ukuthi, ukugaya noma ukuhlanganisa amazinyo, ngokuvamile ebusuku, ngezinye izikhathi okuhambisana nokuguga nokudabuka.

Ukuhlukumezeka noma ukuphuka ebusweni, ugebhezi noma intamo nakho kungabangela ukulimala kwamalunga. Kwesinye isikhathi ukususwa kwe-articular disc kuyaphawulwa.

Ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka kungadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqaliseni izimpawu, kangangokuthi abanye ochwepheshe babheka i-Sadam njengesimo ngokuyinhloko esithinta ingqondo.

Phakathi kwezinye izici ezihilelekile ku-genesis yalesi syndrome, kukhona ikakhulukazi:

• i-congenital anomalies,
• izifo ze-rheumatic,
• ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha noma ukuma,
• ukuvalwa kwamakhala okungamahlalakhona,
• izici ze-hormonal,
• ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla,
• izinkinga zokulala nokungaqapheli ...

kwesifo

Uma kubhekwa ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kwezimpawu, ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuba nzima. Isekelwe ngokuyinhloko ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha okuningiliziwe kanye nokuhlolwa komtholampilo kokuvuleka komlomo, imisipha ye-masticatory, ijoyinti lomhlathi ongezansi kanye nokuvaleka kwamazinyo.

I-x-reyi yamazinyo ye-panoramic yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola ukuthi izifo zamazinyo nemihlathi azinacala yini ngezimpawu zobuhlungu. Kwezinye izimo, i-CT scan yomlomo ohlangene, ovulekile futhi ovaliwe, noma i-MRI, ehlinzeka ngolwazi ikakhulukazi ngesimo se-disc, nayo izocelwa.

Lezi zivivinyo kufanele ikakhulukazi zenze kube nokwenzeka ukukhipha ezinye izimbangela zobuhlungu, njengokuphuka, izimila noma i-neuralgia. Izeluleko zezokwelapha zemikhakha eminingi kwesinye isikhathi ziyadingeka.

Abantu abathintekayo

Nakuba kungaziwa kangako, i-Sadam ivama kakhulu: umuntu oyedwa kwabayishumi ulethwa ukuzoboniswana ngenxa yobuhlungu obubangelwayo, futhi kufika koyedwa kwababili angathinteka.

Noma ubani angathinteka. Kodwa-ke, itholakala kaningi kwabesifazane abasha (phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 no-40-50).

Ngokwencazelo, i-syndrome ibonakala ngesethi yomtholampilo yezimpawu. Endabeni ye-Costen's syndrome, lezi zingashintsha kakhulu. Lokhu kuchazwa ikakhulukazi ngendawo yamalunga omhlathi phambi kwezindlebe, endaweni enemisipha eyinkimbinkimbi, engenawo amanzi amaningi futhi eniselwa, ukungezwani okungaba nemiphumela ebudlelwaneni phakathi kwekhanda nomgogodla. , okunomthelela kulo lonke uchungechunge lwemisipha ehilelekile ekumeni komzimba.

Izimpawu zendawo

Izimpawu ezitholakala kakhulu emihlathini nasemlonyeni zisobala kakhulu.

ubuhlungu

Izikhathi eziningi, abantu abaphethwe i-Sadam bazokhononda ngobuhlungu noma ukungakhululeki abakuzwa lapho bevala noma bevula umlomo, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zobuhlungu zingase zivele. Kungase kube, isibonelo, ubuhlungu obuhlabayo ngaphambili kwendlebe, ubuhlungu emlonyeni, ulwanga noma izinsini, ukuzwela kwamazinyo noma ngisho nokuvutha emlonyeni.

I-neuralgia ingenzeka emhlathini, ebusweni, entanyeni noma ngemuva kogebhezi.

Ikhanda elibuhlungu kanye ne-migraines nakho kujwayelekile.

Izinkinga ezihlangene

Ukuhamba komhlathi kungase kuncishiswe futhi ukunyakaza kwawo kube okungavamile, okungenza ukuhlafuna kube nzima. Ukususwa kwe-disc kubangela ingozi enkulu yokukhishwa (i-dislocation).

Imisindo ehlangene, njengokuchofoza noma "ukuqhekeka" ukuzwa lapho uvula umlomo noma lapho uhlafuna, uklebhula noma ukrweca iyisici. Abanye abantu futhi banokuvaleka kwemihlathi endaweni evulekile noma evaliwe.

Abanye abantu bane-osteoarthritis ehlangene.

Ngezinye izikhathi ubuhlungu obuzwiwayo benziwa "kude", okusho ukuthi endaweni yomzimba ekude kakhulu nomhlathi.

Izinkinga ze-ENT

Ukubonakaliswa kwe-Sadam ku-ENT sphere nakho kuvame. Bangathatha uhlobo lwesiyezi, i-tinnitus, umuzwa wezindlebe ezivimbekile, noma ngisho ne-sinusitis engapheli. Lezi zinkinga zingahlotshaniswa nezinkinga zamehlo.

Zihlukahlukene

• Ukuguga kwamazinyo noma ukugedla
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Izinkinga zokugwinya
• I-Hypersalivation...

Izimpawu ezikude

ubuhlungu

Akukhona nje ukuthi ubuhlungu abukwazi ukuphumela entanyeni noma endaweni yomlomo wesibeletho, abantu abaphethwe yi-Sadam bangase bathambekele ekubeni nobuhlungu obuphansi, ubuhlungu ezinqulwini noma ezinqeni, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namajaqamba ezinyaweni.

Izinkinga zokugaya

Izinkinga zokugaya ukudla nezokuthutha zingaba umphumela wobunzima bokudla obuhlobene nokuhlafuna okubi noma izinkinga zokuphuma amathe.

Zihlukahlukene

• Ukungabi nokulala
• Ukuthukuthela
• Ukucindezeleka...

Ukwelashwa kukaSadam kumele kube okomuntu ngamunye ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuhambisane nokuhlukahluka kwezimpawu.

Ukuvuselelwa kokuziphatha

Uma ukungakhululeki kumaphakathi futhi ubuhlungu bungakhubaza kakhulu, ukuvuselelwa kokuziphatha kukhethwa. Ukushintsha ukudla (gwema ukudla okunzima ukukuhlafuna, njll.), ukuvivinya umzimba ukulawula ukuma komhlathi noma okomzimba, kanye nezindlela zokuphumula nokulawula ukucindezeleka kungase kunconywe. Ngezinye izikhathi izindlela zokwelapha zengqondo nezokuziphatha nazo zizoba yinzuzo.

Ukwelapha ngokomzimba

Ezinye izinhlungu zingaqedwa ngesikhathi esifushane ngokufaka iqhwa (ubuhlungu obubukhali, ukuvuvukala), ngokufaka indwangu yokugeza emanzi nefudumele (emisipha ebuhlungu) noma ngokubhucunga.

I-Mandibular physiotherapy iyasiza. I-Osteopathy iphinde ikhuthaze ukulungiswa kokungasebenzi kahle.

I-Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) nayo iwusizo ekudambiseni ukungezwani kwemisipha.

Izidakamizwa zokwelapha

Ezimeni ezinzima kakhulu ama-analgesics, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala noma iziphumlisi zemisipha zingadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lempilo. 

I-orthosis yamazinyo (i-splint)

Isisetshenziswa samazinyo (i-orthosis, esivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-splint) singanqunywa udokotela ohlinzayo wamazinyo noma i-stomatologist. Ngaphambilini enikezwa njalo kubantu abahlushwa i-Sadam ukulungisa ukuvaleka kwamazinyo okungavamile, ukubeka kabusha i-mandible futhi kunciphise ukungezwani emhlathini, lolu hlobo lwedivayisi esikhundleni salokho lubekwe namuhla njengomugqa wesibili, lapho ukuvuselelwa nokwelashwa ngokomzimba kunganikezanga noma yimuphi umphumela.

Ukuhlinzwa kanye ne-orthodontics

Ukwelashwa kwamazinyo, i-orthodontic noma ukuhlinzwa okuhlaselayo kucatshangelwa kuphela esimweni ngasinye, ukuphendula ezinkingeni eziqondile kakhulu nangemva kokwehluleka kwamanye amasu.

Zihlukahlukene

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-acupuncture, i-homeopathy noma imithi ye-herbal ingazanywa. Nokho, ukuphumelela kwabo akuzange kuboniswe.

Ukuhlanzeka okuhle nokunakekelwa okufanele kwamazinyo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqala kwe-pain syndrome. Kungenzeka futhi ukuvimbela ukuqina kwemisipha yomhlathi ngokuphumula, kodwa futhi ngokugwema ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-chewing gum nokudla okunzima.