Ngaphambilini eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-hysteria, i-hitrionism manje isichazwa njengokuphazamiseka komuntu okunwebeka kakhulu okuhloswe ngayo ukugcwalisa noma ukugcina isidingo esihlala njalo sokunakwa. Kuwukuthuthuka ekuziphatheni kwakho okwenza ukuthi isiguli siphume kulesi sifo esikhathini esiningi.

Incazelo yama-histrionics

I-Histrionism ukuphazamiseka kobuntu okuphawulwa ukufuna ukunakwa okuqhubekayo, ngazo zonke izindlela: ukukhohlisa, ukukhohlisa, ukuboniswa kwemizwa okweqile, ukulingisa noma ithiyetha.

I-Histrionism yisifo esihlukaniswe ku-International Classification of Diseases (ICD) naku-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5) njengesifo sobuntu esine-histrionic.

Ama-papyri wezokwelapha aseGibhithe akhombisa ukuthi i-histrionism yayivele ikhona kubantu eminyakeni emi-4 eyedlule. Kuze kube emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, sasikhuluma kakhulu nge-hysteria. Abesifazane kuphela okutholwe ukuthi bane-hysteria. Ngempela, bekukholelwa ukuthi i-hysteria ephathelene nokubekwa okungafanele kwesibeletho emzimbeni womuntu. Kwathi ngekhulu lama-000-XNUMX, i-hysteria yawela endaweni yezinkolelo. Wayewuphawu lobubi, lobudemoni bobulili. Ukuzingelwa kwabathakathi kwangempela kwakwenzeka ngokumelene nabantu abaphethwe yi-hysteria.

Kwakungasekupheleni kwekhulu le-1895 lapho uFreud, ikakhulukazi ngencwadi yakhe iStudien über Hysterie eyashicilelwa ngo-XNUMX, aletha umqondo omusha wokuthi i-hysteria iyinkinga ebucayi yobuntu nokuthi ayigcinelwe leyo yabesifazane.

Izinhlobo ze-histrionics

Ucwaningo oluningi lwe-histrionism lukhombisa uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-histrionism.

Kodwa-ke, i-comorbidities - izinhlangano zezifo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu kumuntu - kufaka phakathi i-hitrionism zivamile, ngakho-ke ukuhlukahluka okungenzeka kwe-hitrionism ngokusho kwe-duo ye-pathological eyakhiwe nezinye izifo, ikakhulukazi ukuphazamiseka kobuntu - antisocial, narcissistic, njll.- noma iziyaluyalu zokucindezeleka njenge-dysthymia - ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa okungapheli.

UTheodore Millon, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMelika, waqhubeka ngale ndaba ngokuncipha kwezinhlobo ezincane ze-hitrionism, izici ezinjalo zesifo ezibangelwa uhlobo ngalunye lokuziphatha kwesiguli:

• Kuyaduduza: isiguli sigxila kwabanye futhi sigudluze umehluko, mhlawumbe kuze kufike ezingeni lokuzidela;
• I-Vivacious: isiguli siyathandeka, sinomdlandla futhi asinamawala;
• Isiphepho: isiguli sikhombisa ukuguquguquka kwemizwelo;
• Ubuzenzisi: isiguli sikhombisa izici zomphakathi ezimakiwe njengokukhohlisa ngenhloso nokukhohlisa;
• Itiyetha: isiguli sidlala ngokubukeka kwangaphandle komzimba;
• I-Infantile: isiguli sisebenzisa isimilo sobuntwana njengokumunca noma ukufuna izinto ezingenangqondo.

Izinkinga ze-histrionics

Izimbangela ze-hitrionism azikaqiniseki. Noma kunjalo, kunezindlela eziningana ezikhona:

• Imfundo egxile kakhulu enganeni: imfundo ibizodlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo. Ukunakwa okuningana okunikezwa ingane kungakha umkhuba kuye wokuba yisikhungo sokunakwa futhi kubangele ukungezwani, njengengane ehlekise ngomkhuba wokuqamba amanga, noma ngisho nokukhohlisa ukufeza izinhloso zabo noma ukugcina ukunakwa komzali;
• Inkinga ekuthuthukiseni ubulili: ngokusho kukaFreud, ukuntuleka kokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwe-libidinal kuyisisekelo se-hitrionism, okusho ukuntuleka kokuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wezocansi wesiguli. Akuwona umbuzo wokukhula kwezitho zobulili kanjalo kepha ukwehluleka kwezinga lokukhula kobulili, kokusungulwa kwe-libido kukho konke ukuphila kwengane;
• Ithisisi ka-2018 ikhombise ukuthi ukukhathazeka ngokuthena kanye nokungasombululeki kwempi edumile yase-Oedipal kutholakala phakathi kwabo bonke abantu abaphethwe yi-histrionism, njengoba kuhlongozwe yi-Austro-British psychoanalyst Melanie Klein.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-histrionics

I-Histrionism ivame ukuvezwa ebudaleni.

I-Histrionism izibonakalisa ngezimpawu ezisobala njengokulahleka kolawulo ekuziphatheni komuntu, ebudlelwaneni bezenhlalo nangokomzwelo. Ukuxilongwa okuningiliziwe kususelwa kunqubo ebhalwe ku-International Classification of Diseases (ICD) nakuDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5).

I-Histrionism ivezwa ikakhulu ngokuziphatha. Okungenani izimpawu ezinhlanu kulezi eziyisishiyagalombili ezilandelayo zikhona kumuntu we-histrionic:

• Ukuziphatha okumangazayo, kwetiyetha, kwehaba;
• Ukungaqondi kahle kobudlelwano: ubudlelwano bubukeka busondelene kakhulu kunabo;
• Sebenzisa ukubukeka kwabo ngokomzimba ukuheha ukunakwa;
• Isimo sengqondo esiyengayo noma esivusa inkanuko;
• Isimo sengqondo nesimo sengqondo, esiguquka ngokushesha okukhulu;
• Izinkulumo ezikha phezulu, ezingezinhle futhi ezizithobayo;
• Ukusikisela (okuthonywa kalula abanye noma izimo);
• Isihloko asikhululekile uma kungeyona inhliziyo yesimo, ukunakwa.

Ukuhlolwa okungafani kobuntu kungasetshenziswa ukusungula noma ukuqondisa ukuxilongwa:

• I-Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory (MMPI);
• Isivivinyo seRorschach - isivivinyo esidumile sokuhlaziya amabala ayinki emapuleti.

Abantu abathintwe yi-hitrionism

Ukusabalala kwe-histrionism cishe kungu-2% kubantu bonke.

I-Histrionism ithinta bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane, ngokuphambene nalokho okwakucatshangwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule. Abanye abacwaningi, njengo-French psychoanalyst Gérard Pommier, bazenqaba ngokuhlukile izimpawu ze-histrionism kuye ngokuthi isiguli singowesifazane noma owesilisa. Kuyena, i-hysteria yesilisa ingukucindezelwa kwesifazane. Ngakho-ke kuvezwa njengodlame olubhekiswe kwabesifazane, ukumelana ne-hysteria yabesifazane, ukuthambekela kwengqondo, ukufuna imibono yezimpi ukuze kuliwe nowesifazane. I-thesis ye-2018 ibhekane neziguli eziphethwe yi-histrionism yabesifazane nabesilisa. Isiphetho salokhu ukuthi awukho umehluko omkhulu osalayo phakathi kwabesifazane abanenkani nabesilisa abahlanyayo.

Izici ezithandayo i-histrionism

Izici ezithanda i-histrionism zijoyina izimbangela.

Ukuziphatha okumangalisayo

I-Hitrionism ivezwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ngokuziphatha okumangalisayo, kweshashalazi, nehaba.

Ukungaqondi kahle kobudlelwano

Umuntu ohlushwa i-hitrionism ubona ubudlelwano ngokusondele kakhulu kunalokho obuyikho ngempela. Uphinde athonywe kalula abanye noma izimo.

Udinga ukuheha ukunakwa

Isiguli esine-histrionic sisebenzisa ukubukeka kwaso ngokomzimba ukuheha ukunakwa futhi singakhombisa izimo zengqondo eziyengayo, nezicasulayo ukufeza lokhu. Indaba ayikhululekile uma engeyona isizinda sokunakwa. Umuntu ophethwe i-hitrionism angase futhi azilimaze, asebenzise izinsongo zokuzibulala noma asebenzise ukuthinta okunonya ukuze adonse ukunaka.

Ezinye izimpawu

• Isimo sengqondo nesimo sengqondo, esiguquka ngokushesha okukhulu;
• Izinkulumo ezikha phezulu, ezingezinhle futhi ezizithobayo;
• Izinkinga ngokugxila, ukuxazulula izinkinga kanye ne-logic;
• Izinkinga ezingapheli ezilawula imizwa yazo;
• Ulaka;
• Uzame ukuzibulala.

NgokukaFreud, ukweqa izimpawu kungenzeka kuphela ngokuqwashisa ngokuhlangenwe nakho okungazi lutho nezinkumbulo. Ukuqonda kanye / noma ukususa umsuka wokuphazamiseka kobuntu kungakhulula isiguli:

• I-Psychotherapy, ukusiza isiguli ukuhlanganisa kangcono imizwa yakhe engokomzwelo, ukuqonda kangcono imvelo yakhe, ukuthuthukisa imizwa yakhe kuye nokunciphisa isidingo sokuba maphakathi nokunakwa;
• Hypnosis.

Uma i-histrionism ithambekele ekubhekaneni ne-neurosis - isiguli sazi ngesifo saso, ukuhlupheka kwaso futhi sikhononde ngakho - lezi zindlela zokwelashwa zingahambisana nokuthathwa kwemithi elwa nokudangala. Qaphela ukuthi noma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okusekelwe ku-benzodiazepines akusebenzi futhi kufanele kugwenywe: ubungozi bokuncika emthini bukhulu.

Ukuvimbela i-hitrionism kuhlanganisa ukuzama ukunciphisa imvelo enwetshiwe yokuziphatha komuntu:

• Thuthukisa izindawo nezindawo ezithakaselwayo ezingazicabangeli wena;
• Ukulalela abanye.