Top 10. Imisebenzi engcono kakhulu yezincwadi zomhlaba

Kuzo zonke izincwadi zomhlaba, umuntu angenza kalula uhlu lwamakhulu ngisho nezinkulungwane zezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu. Ezinye zazo ziyisibopho sokufunda esikoleni, uthola ukwazi abanye ababhali empilweni yakho, futhi kwesinye isikhathi uphatha imisebenzi oyikhonzile empilweni yakho yonke. Njalo ngonyaka kuvela izincwadi ezintsha ezibhalwe ababhali abanekhono elincane, eziningi zazo ziqoshwa ngempumelelo, futhi kubonakala sengathi izinhlelo ezinyathelisiwe ziba yinto yesikhathi esidlule. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, imisebenzi engcono kakhulu yezincwadi zomhlaba ihlala ithakazelisayo futhi ibalulekile kumfundi wesimanje.

10 Ukuziqhenya Nokubandlulula kukaJane Austen

Namuhla le noveli ingabizwa ngowesifazane, uma kungenjalo ngenxa yekhono nesitayela esikhethekile esiyindida sombhali. U-Jane Austen udlulisa ngokunembile wonke umkhathi owawubusa ngaleso sikhathi emphakathini wamaNgisi ohlonishwayo. Le ncwadi ithinta izindaba ezinjalo ezihlala zibalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi: ukukhuliswa, umshado, ukuziphatha, imfundo. Le noveli, eyanyatheliswa eminyakeni engu-15 kuphela ngemva kokubhalwa kwayo, iqeda imisebenzi eyi-10 ehamba phambili yezincwadi zomhlaba.

9. I-Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald

Ngenxa yenoveli, umfundi uyakwazi ukungena enkathini eyabamba ngemva kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala e-United States. Lo msebenzi wezincwadi zomhlaba awuchazi nje kuphela ukuphila okujabulisayo nokunganaki kwentsha ecebile yaseMelika, kodwa futhi nolunye uhlangothi lwayo. Umbhali ubonisa ukuthi umlingisi oyinhloko wenoveli, uJay Gatsby, uchithe amakhono akhe namandla angapheli emigomweni engenalutho: impilo ye-chic kanye nowesifazane oyisiphukuphuku owonakele. Le ncwadi ithole ukuduma okuthile ngeminyaka yawo-50s. Emazweni amaningi omhlaba akhuluma isiNgisi, umsebenzi ufakwa phakathi nenkathi yezincwadi, isibopho sokutadisha.

8. "Lolita" VV Nabokov

Le ncwadi isuselwe endabeni yobudlelwano phakathi kwendoda endala esothandweni nentombazane eneminyaka eyishumi nambili. Ukuphila kokuziphatha okubi kwe-protagonist u-Humbert kanye no-Lolita osemusha akubalethi injabulo futhi kuholela esiphethweni esibuhlungu. Umsebenzi waqoshwa ngempumelelo izikhathi eziningana futhi usathathwa njengenye yezincwadi ezihamba phambili emhlabeni. Le noveli eyihlazo, okwathi ngesikhathi esifanayo yaletha udumo nokuchuma kumbhali, yavinjelwa ukuba ishicilelwe eFrance, eNgilandi, eNingizimu Afrika, e-Argentina naseNew Zealand phakathi neminyaka edlule.

7. UHamlet William Shakespeare

Lona omunye wemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yezincwadi hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi idrama yomhlaba. Isakhiwo salo mdlalo sisekelwe endabeni ebuhlungu yenkosana yaseDenmark efuna ukuziphindiselela kumalume wayo ngokubulawa kukayise wenkosi. Ukukhiqizwa kokuqala komsebenzi esiteji kuhlehlela emuva ku-1600. Isithunzi sikayise kaHamlet sadlalwa nguShakespeare ngokwakhe. Le nhlekelele isihunyushwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-30 olimini lwesiRashiya kuphela. Emazweni ahlukene omhlaba, umsebenzi uyabonakala futhi udumile kokubili emikhiqizweni yaseshashalazini nasesikrinini.

6. "Ubugebengu Nesijeziso" FM Dostoevsky

Umbhali encwadini yakhe yefilosofi nezengqondo uthinta izindaba zokuhle nokubi, inkululeko, ukuziphatha kanye nokuzibophezela. I-protagonist yomsebenzi, u-Rodion Raskolnikov, ubulala ngenxa yengcebo engenzeka, kodwa unembeza uqala ukumhlupha. Umfundi oyisinxibi uqale afihle imali yakhe, bese evuma icala. U-Raskolnikov wagwetshwa iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili yokusebenza kanzima, lapho isithandwa sakhe Sonya Marmeladova seza ukuzomsiza ukuba akhonze. Lo msebenzi uyadingeka ukuze ufundwe esifundweni sezincwadi zesikole.

5. "Odyssey" uHomer

Umsebenzi wesibili wembongi yasendulo yamaGreki uHomer, eyabhalwa ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC, yaphawula ukuqala kwazo zonke izincwadi zomhlaba. Umsebenzi usitshela ngempilo yeqhawe lenganekwane u-Odysseus, obuyela e-Ithaca ngemva kweMpi YeThrojani, lapho umkakhe uPenelope emlindile. Endleleni, i-hero-navigator ixwayiswa ngezingozi, kodwa isifiso esingenakuvinjelwa sokuba sekhaya nomndeni wakhe, kanye nokuhlakanipha, ukuhlakanipha, ubuhlakani, ubuqili kuyamsiza ukuba aphume enqobile ezimpini futhi abuyele kumkakhe. Phakathi neminyaka edlule, inkondlo kaHomer yaqashelwa njengeyona engcono kunazo zonke, phakathi kweminye imisebenzi yezincwadi zomhlaba.

4. "Ukufuna Isikhathi Esilahlekile" uMarcel Proust

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuphila komlobi wesimanje yi-epic enevolumu eyisikhombisa, ebizwa ngokuthi enye yemisebenzi engcono kakhulu yekhulu le-1913. Wonke amanoveli kulo mjikelezo ane-semi-autobiographical. Izibonelo zamaqhawe kwakungabantu abavela endaweni yangempela yombhali. Wonke amavolumu ashicilelwe eFrance kusukela ngo-1927 kuya ku-XNUMX, amathathu okugcina ashicilelwe ngemuva kokushona kombhali. Lo msebenzi uthathwa njengencwadi yakudala yezincwadi zesiFulentshi, futhi uhunyushelwe ezilimini ezimbalwa zomhlaba.

3. "Madame Bovary" nguGustave Flaubert

Eminye yemisebenzi esemqoka yenkathi yamaRealist yashicilelwa okokuqala eFrance ngo-1856. Isici sale noveli ukusetshenziswa kwezakhi zesayensi yezemvelo ekubhaleni kwayo. Umbhali walandelela ngokucacile yonke imininingwane ekubukekeni nasekuhlanzweni kwabantu kangangokuthi kwakungekho nhlobo abalingiswa abahle emsebenzini wakhe. Ngokusho kwezincwadi eziningi zanamuhla, umsebenzi othi "Madame Bovary" ungomunye wabathathu abahamba phambili ezincwadini zomhlaba. Lokhu kwaphawulwa ngu-IS Turgenev, owayengumthandi womsebenzi wombhali we-prose oyiqiniso uGustave Flaubert.

2. "Impi Nokuthula" LN Tolstoy

Inoveli ebabazekayo yomlobi omkhulu waseRussia u-LN Tolstoy kusukela ngesikhathi ishicilelwa okokuqala kuze kube namuhla ibhekwa njengobuciko bezincwadi zomhlaba. Le ncwadi iyamangalisa ebubanzini bayo. Umsebenzi ubonisa impilo yezigaba ezahlukene zomphakathi waseRussia ngesikhathi sezimpi zamaNapoleon ze-1905-1912. Umbhali, njengochwepheshe be-psychology yabantu bakhe, wakwazi ukukhombisa ngokunembile lezi zici kumlingiswa nokuziphatha kwamaqhawe akhe. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umbhalo obhalwe ngesandla wale noveli unamakhasi angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezi-5. Umsebenzi othi "Impi Nokuthula" uhunyushelwe ezilimini ezihlukene zomhlaba futhi uqoshwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kweziyi-10.

1. I-Cunning Hidalgo Don Quixote ye-La Mancha ka-Miguel de Cervantes

Umsebenzi ohambe phambili ohlwini uthathwa njengodayiswa kakhulu ezincwadini zomhlaba. Umlingiswa oyinhloko wenoveli, eyakhiwe ngumlobi waseSpain, izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa waba yisibonelo semisebenzi yabanye ababhali. Ubuntu bukaDon Quixote bebulokhu bunakwa kakhulu futhi kufundwa abagxeki bemibhalo, izazi zefilosofi, zakudala zezincwadi zomhlaba nabagxeki. Ukusebenza kuka-Cervantes mayelana nokuzidela kuka-Don Quixote no-Sancho Panza kuqoshwe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-50, futhi imnyuziyamu ebonakalayo isize yavulwa e-Moscow ukuhlonipha umlingiswa.