Umhlaba Omusha: Bafunani Abaneminyaka Engama-20?

Ukushintsha kwezizukulwane akukwazi ukuba nokuthula: kuphela ngokunqoba oyise, izingane zithola ilungelo lokuthatha indawo yazo. Abazali balungiselela umzabalazo wamandla, bezama ukubona enzalweni yabo izici zeBazarovs entsha. Zithi: “Zibonise. “Fakazela ukuthi uhlakaniphile, unamandla, unesibindi kakhulu.” Futhi ekuphenduleni bayezwa: "Ngiyaphila."

Isizukulwane sikaDecembrists esake saba "esingahluthuliwe" asizange sinqobe uNapoleon kuphela, kodwa saphinde saphonsa inselelo ku-tsar. Isizukulwane sokuqala se-post-Soviet sibonakala sidlule ithuba laso lomlando.

Esikhundleni sezinkondlo ezinhle - ama-albhamu we-rap nokulingiswa kukaBrodsky. Esikhundleni sokusungulwa - izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula zosuku olulodwa. Esikhundleni samaqembu nama-manifestos, kukhona amaqembu e-VKontakte. Abaningi banamuhla abaneminyaka engu-20 ubudala bafana nesikole samabanga aphezulu "abahlakaniphile", balungele ukuba nezingxabano ezincane nothisha, kodwa bangashintshi umhlaba.

Lapha nalaphaya ungezwa ukububula kwabadala: izinsana, "shkolota"! Bachitha lokho okhokho babo ababekulwela bathwala kanzima. Abakakufundi ukuthanda nokuzidela. Ukukhetha kwabo okukhona kuphakathi kwe-Apple ne-Android. Umsebenzi wabo ukuya ethempelini ukuyobamba i-Pokemon.

Ukukhathazeka kuhlanganiswe nokunganakwa: kuthiwani uma impi, indlala, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi ngokuphelele? Yebo, bona, mhlawumbe, bazohlela iChernobyl entsha, bagcwalise ideshibhodi nge-cappuccino kusuka enkomishini yekhadibhodi.

Abangabazayo abakhathali ukukhomba ukuzihlukanisa kwabo namaqiniso: “Uma une-flash drive enalo lonke ulwazi lwezwe, ungakwazi yini ukwakha iqhugwane ehlathini noma usike i-appendix yakho uma kungekho dokotela eduze?” Kodwa ingabe asenzi ihaba ngokweqile? Ingabe ububi bentsha bunobubi? Ake sizame ukukuqonda.

Bangabathengi! Kunalokho, ama-experimenters

Lapho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseMelika u-Abraham Maslow sakha inkolelo-mbono yakhe yezidingo, abalandeli bakhe abayethula njengombhoshongo, uKuwohloka Okukhulu Kwezomnotho kwakudlondlobala e-United States. Bambalwa abangafinyelela phezulu «izitezi», okungukuthi, izidingo eziphambili kakhulu.

E-Russia, le nkinga iye yadonsa. Izizukulwane ezikhule zinentula kanye nokungaqiniseki kokuthi osekuzuziwe kungasimama ziyacophelela futhi zilinganisele. Intsha elwela ukufinyelela yonke into, ukuzama konke, ibonakala ingenangqondo kubo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezitezi eliphezulu «pyramid» kukhona hhayi kuphela ezingokomoya, kodwa futhi ngempela izidingo ezibonakalayo. Isibonelo, isidingo sokuvumelana ngokocansi (hhayi nje ukwaneliseka kokukhangwa), ubumnandi bokudla kanye nezinye izinjabulo zenyama. Laba abasha baba pickier futhi babizwa ngokuthi hedonists.

Kodwa ukuphila ngokuchichimayo akusho ngempela ukugijima usuka kwesinye isenzakalo esicacile uye kwesinye. Ezulazula "esitolo esikhulu semizwa", abasha bafunda ukukhomba eyabo.

“Lapho ngineminyaka engu-16, ngaqala ukuphola nensizwa,” kukhumbula u-Alexandra oneminyaka engu-22. - Ngahlakazeka ngokuphelele kuwo: kwakubonakala kimi ukuthi yile ndlela uthando okufanele lube ngayo - "umphefumulo emphefumulweni", njengogogo nomkhulu. Saqala ukuhlala ndawonye. Angenzanga lutho ngahlala ngalinda ukuthi abuye emsebenzini. Ngakubona njengencazelo yokuba khona.

Ngabe sengiqaphela ukuthi nginezithakazelo zami, ngaqala ukunikela isikhathi esengeziwe sokufunda, ngathola umsebenzi, ngaqala ukuya endaweni ethile nabangane ngaphandle kwakhe. Kwakukhona abantu ababelungile kimi, uthando oludlulayo.

Ngabona ukuthi ngifuna ubudlelwano obuvulekile. Kwakunzima kumlingani wami ekuqaleni ukwamukela lokhu, kodwa saxoxa kakhulu ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu futhi sanquma ukungahambi. Manje sesineminyaka engu-6 sindawonye ... Kuvele ukuthi ngale ndlela sobabili sikhululekile.

Bayavilapha! Noma ukhetha?

“Okuxekethile, okungaqoqiwe, okungavuthiwe” - oprofesa basenyuvesi, abafundisi nabaqashi abaweqi amazwi ahlabayo. Inkinga yomgogodla wangaphakathi ibonwa nayilabo okubhekiselwa kubo isihlamba.

"Ngaphambilini, ngineminyaka engama-22, abantu base bebadala," kusho u-Elena oneminyaka engama-24. - Kwakungeyona inkambiso ukuzibheka isikhathi eside - kwakufanele uqale umndeni, uthole umsebenzi, uhambe ngezinyawo zakho. Manje sivumela izifiso ngokukhululekile, silwela ukungena ezikhathini eziyisicefe nezingemnandi. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sabazali babo, abantu abasha baphenduka abathathu baphakade nezimpungushe.

"Abazali babonwa yizingane zama-90s njengamaqhawe amaqhawe - anamandla, akwazi ukubhekana nobunzima," kusho isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uMarina Slinkova. - Impilo yabo yayiwuchungechunge lokunqoba: uthanda noma ungathandi, kufanele uqine. Kodwa abazali basinda, ukushuba kwezinkanuko kwawa, yonke into isivele ikhona ngenjabulo. Izingane zagqugquzelwa: manje akukho okukuvimbayo, qhubeka!

Kodwa kulapho "umshini wokufinyelela" wehluleka khona. Kungazelelwe kuvela ukuthi "kwizinga elithuthukisiwe" imithetho yabazali ayisasebenzi. Futhi ngezinye izikhathi baze bangene endleleni.

"Imodeli yokunyakaza kancane kancane empumelelweni yonakalisiwe," kusho izazi zezenhlalakahle ze-Validata eziye zafunda amasu okuphila "ezingane zama-90s". Ukunqoba e-Olympiad kanye nediploma ebomvu kungahlala kuwukunqoba okuyinhloko.

"Futhi konke?" ukhipha iziqu ezihlakaniphile ngokudumala, onikezwa ukuhwebelana ngamaphupho akhe ukuze athole isihlalo esinethezekile embhoshongweni wenkampani. Kodwa kuthiwani ngalabo abashintsha umhlaba?

Mhlawumbe kuthatha okungaphezu kwezifundo ezifundwe kahle? Futhi uma ngingenakho lokhu, ngakho-ke kuphephe kakhudlwana ukuhlala nje ungumxoxi othakazelisayo kanye nomuntu “onolwazi” olusanda kufunda, ngaphandle kokungenela umncintiswano obuhlungu, lapho kunobungozi bokubona ukuthi ungumuntu ophansi.

Bamahhadlahhadla! Futhi nokho abasengozini

I-Trolling, ukusetshenziswa okugcwele kwenhlamba, ukuzimisela ukuhleka usulu noma yimuphi umqondo futhi uguqule noma yini ibe meme - kubonakala sengathi isizukulwane samaphayona enethiwekhi asinakho ukuzwela kanye nekhono lokuzwelana.

Kodwa isazi se-cyberpsychologist u-Natalia Bogacheva usibheka ngendlela ehlukile lesi sithombe: “Ama-Troll awakhiqizi iningi kubasebenzisi, futhi ngokuvamile angabantu abathambekele ekuziphatheni kabi, ekunakekelweni nasekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphakathi waku-inthanethi uvame ukuba yindawo lapho ungathola khona ukwesekwa ngokwengqondo.

Sibona izibonelo lapho abasebenzisi behlangana ukuze basize othile, bathole abantu abalahlekile, babuyisele ubulungisa. Mhlawumbe uzwela lusebenza ngendlela ehlukile kulesi sizukulwane, kodwa awukwazi ukusho ukuthi alukho.”

Kuthiwani ngomkhuba wokuxhumana kude? Ingabe kuvimbela abantu abasha ukuba baqondane?

“Yebo, isilinganiso sezingxenye zokuxhumana ezikhulunywayo nezingezona amazwi ziyashintsha; ukude, siqonda okubi nakakhulu ukuthi i-interlocutor izizwa kanjani," kuqhuba u-Natalia Bogacheva. - Kodwa sifunda ukuqaphela imininingwane futhi siyihumushe: beka ubuso obumomothekayo noma cha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona ichashazi ekupheleni komlayezo. Konke lokhu kubalulekile futhi kunikeza izinkomba. ”

Indlela yentsha yokukhulumisana ibonakala ingenanhlonipho futhi ingakhululeki kumuntu onenhliziyo esikhundleni sokuthi “ngiyamthanda” engacabangeki. Kodwa kuwulimi oluphilayo olushintshayo empilweni.

Bahlakazekile! Kodwa ziyavumelana nezimo

Bashintsha kalula ukusuka komunye baye komunye: bahlafuna isemishi, bahlele umhlangano kusithunywa futhi balandele izibuyekezo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, konke ngokuhambisana. Lo mkhuba wokuqaphela isiqeshana ubulokhu ukhathaza abazali nothisha isikhathi eside.

Akukacaci ukuthi singagwema kanjani ukuphazamiseka kokunaka okuqhubekayo, uma manje siphila ekugelezeni kolwazi olunezivunguvungu noluhlukahlukene.

Ngokusho kukaNatalia Bogacheva, "isizukulwane sedijithali" sicabanga ngendlela ehlukile ngisho nasezingeni lezinqubo zokuqonda komuntu ngamunye: "Ngezinye izikhathi bangathanda ukugxila entweni eyodwa, kodwa abakwazi ukuyenza."

Futhi kulabo asebekhulile, akucaci ukuthi ungenza kanjani izinto ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi kubonakala sengathi leli gebe lizokhula kuphela - isizukulwane esilandelayo sisendleleni, esingazi ukuthi singayihamba kanjani indawo ngaphandle kwamamephu we-Google nokuthi ungaphila kanjani ngaphandle kokuxhumana nomhlaba wonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Kodwa-ke, ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX BC. e. Isazi sefilosofi uPlato sacasuka ukuthi ngokufika kokubhalwa, sayeka ukuthembela enkumbulweni futhi saba “abahlakaniphileyo.” Kodwa izincwadi zanikeza isintu ukudluliselwa okusheshayo kolwazi nokwanda kwemfundo. Ikhono lokufunda lisivumele ukuthi sishintshisane ngemibono, sandise ulwazi lwethu.

Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo ziphawula entsheni ukuguquguquka kwengqondo, ikhono lokuzulazula ngokuhamba kolwazi, ukwanda kwenkumbulo yokusebenza nesikhathi sokunaka, kanye nokuthambekela ekwenzeni imisebenzi eminingi. Ababhali bezincwadi eziphathelene nokukhiqiza bakhuthaza abantu besikhathi samanje ukuthi bangalili amakhono afayo, kodwa balalele ngokucophelela umculo “wenguquko yedijithali” futhi bahambisane nawo ngesikhathi.

Ngokwesibonelo, umklami waseMelika uMarty Neumeyer ukholelwa ukuthi enkathini lapho amandla engqondo eyohlukaniswa phakathi kobuchopho nomshini, kuyodingeka amakhono emfundo ehlukene.

I-intuition ethuthukisiwe nomcabango, ikhono lokuqoqa ngokushesha isithombe esikhulu kusuka kudatha ehlukene, ukubona amandla asebenzayo emibono nokuhlola izindawo ezintsha - yilokhu abantu abasha, ngokombono wakhe, okufanele bafunde kuqala.

Ingabe bangama-cynic? Cha, khulula

"Imibono yabhidlika, njengoba kwenza izinhloso ezathathwa ngamaqhawe ekhulwini lesi-XNUMX," kubhala umfundi uSlava Medov, umsebenzisi weTheQuestion. - Ungazenzi iqhawe ngokudela umzimba wakho omncane. Umuntu wamanje ngeke akubone lokhu njengesenzo sikaDanko. Ubani odinga inhliziyo yakho uma kukhona ithoshi kusukela «Fix Price»?

I-Apoliticality kanye nokungafuni ukwenza uhlelo oluhle kusolwa ama-hipsters, i-subculture yentsha eyinhloko yeminyaka yamuva. Abaneminyaka engu-20 abanakho cishe ukuzwelana kwezombangazwe, kodwa kukhona ukuqonda okuvamile kwemingcele abakulungele ukuyivikela, usosayensi wezombangazwe u-Anna Sorokina uyaphawula.

Yena nozakwabo baxoxisane nabafundi abavela emanyuvesi angama-XNUMX aseRussia. "Sibuze umbuzo: "Yini ezokwenza impilo yakho ingakhululeki?" uthi. "Umbono ohlanganisayo bekuwukungavunyelwa kokungena empilweni yomuntu siqu kanye nezincwadi, okukhawulela ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi."

Isazi sefilosofi saseMelika uJerrold Katz wabikezela emuva maphakathi nawo-90s ukuthi ukusabalala kwe-inthanethi kuzodala isiko elisha elisekelwe ekuziphatheni komuntu ngamunye kunobuholi.

“Umbono okuwukuphela kwawo wezimiso ezinhle zomphakathi omusha kuzoba inkululeko yolwazi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, wonke umuntu ozama ukubeka isandla kulokhu uyasolisa - uhulumeni, izinhlangano, izinhlangano zenkolo, izikhungo zemfundo kanye nabazali, "isazi sefilosofi sikholelwa.

Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinani eliyinhloko lesizukulwane «ngaphandle kwenkosi ekhanda» - inkululeko yokuba noma ubani futhi ungabi namahloni ngakho? Yiba sengozini, vivinya, shintsha, yakha impilo yakho ngaphandle kokubheka igunya. Futhi izinguquko kanye «amaphrojekthi omkhulu wokwakha», uma ucabanga ngakho, wonke umuntu kakade egcwele.