Okuqukethwe
Izincwadi zakhe ziye zaba zasendulo, futhi amafilimu asekelwe kuwo angena esikhwameni segolide se-cinema yomhlaba. NgoJanuwari 3 abalandeli bakaTolkien bagubha usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa. Umelaphi womndeni uJason Whiting ukhuluma ngothando olukhulu lombhali oyiNgisi kanye nowesifazane owaba yisizinda sakhe sempilo yonke.
Imisebenzi kaJohn Ronald Reuel Tolkien ifundwa emhlabeni wonke. Izinto azithandayo, ama-gnomes kanye nabanye abalingiswa abamangalisayo bashintshe ubuso bezincwadi zomhlaba namasiko. Kodwa yini esiyaziyo ngothando olukhulu kunazo zonke ekuphileni kwakhe?
“Ubeyingane engajwayelekile ekhombise amakhono ayisimanga. Wayethanda izinganekwane nezinsumansumane, ukudlala i-chess, ama-dragons adweba izilimi eziningana, futhi wayeseqambe izilimi eziningana lapho eneminyaka eyisishiyagalolunye,” kusho umelaphi womndeni uJason Whiting, umbhali wencwadi ekhuluma ngobudlelwano. - Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi wayenesiphiwo, kodwa bambalwa abantu abaziyo ukuthi yayiyini i-Tolkien yothando engalungiseki. Incwadi yakhe ethi Beren and Lúthien yaphuma ngo-2017, amashumi eminyaka ngemva kokushona kombhali, kodwa ixoxa indaba eseduze nenhliziyo yakhe.” Yindaba yothando nokuzidela, egqugquzelwa uthando lukaTolkien ngomkakhe u-Edith.
Ubungane baphenduka uthando
U-Tolkien wakhulela eNgilandi ekuqaleni kwawo-1900 ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima, eshonelwe uyise nonina phakathi nenkathi yokuthomba. Ethathwe ngaphansi kokuqeqeshwa komfundisi wamaKhatholika, ubaba uFrancis, uRonald osemncane wayenesizungu futhi wabonisa ukuthambekela kokucabangisisa nokuzindla. Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, yena nomfowabo bathuthela efulethini elincane. Endlini efanayo kwakuhlala intombazane eyashintsha impilo kaRonald.
U-Edith Brett wayeseneminyaka engu-19 ngaleso sikhathi. Wayenamehlo ampunga akhanyayo nekhono lomculo. URonald wathandana futhi wakwazi ukuvusa isithakazelo sika-Edith. Indaba yobungane bentombazane nabafowabo baseTolkien yaqala. UWhiting uchaza indlela uRonald avula ngayo iwindi futhi wehlisa ubhasikidi ngentambo, u-Edith wafaka ukudla okulula, ondla izintandane. Ukuncipha ngokushesha okunjalo kokudla kumelwe ukuba kwamthakazelisa uNkk. Faulkner, umnakekeli wentombazane, njengoba u-Edith ayezacile futhi emncane, futhi ubude bakhe bungamasentimitha angu-152 kuphela.”
I-English Romeo noJuliet
U-Edith noRonald bachitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye. Babekwazi ukwenza omunye nomunye bahleke futhi bakhohlisane njengengane - isibonelo, lapho behlangana endlini yetiye ophahleni lwendlu eBirmingham, baphonsa ama-cubes kashukela ezigqokweni zabadlula ngendlela.
Ukuxhumana kwabo kwamphazamisa kakhulu uBaba uFrancis noNkk. Faulkner ababeqaphile, abashadikazi ababize isiteketiso “lesi salukazi.” I-Moral Guardians ibheke ubudlelwano njengobungafanele futhi yacasulwa ukuthi uRonald weqile esikoleni. Abathandi bokusungula baqhamuke nempempe enemibandela, esebenze njengezimpawu zocingo lokuxoxa ngamawindi ebusuku.
Yebo, ukuvinjelwa nezithiyo akuzange kubavimbe, kwadingeka nje benze imizamo yokubopha uzungu. Ngenye impelasonto, uRonald no-Edith bavumelana ukuhlangana emaphandleni. Kwathi noma bathatha izinyathelo zokuphepha baze babuya ngokuhlukana kwabo, kwaba khona ababaziyo base bebikela ubaba uFrancis. Futhi njengoba cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo u-Tolkien wehluleka izivivinyo zokungena e-Oxford, umnakekeli wakhe wagcizelela ngokuqinile ukuphumula no-Edith nokuthi le nsizwa yagcina igxile ezifundweni zayo.
Umnakekeli ubeyingxenye: U-Ronald akufanele axhumane no-Edith eminyakeni emithathu ezayo
Kodwa-ke, akukwazanga ukuhlukanisa umbhangqwana, futhi baphinde bahlela usuku, bahlangana ngasese, bagibela isitimela babalekela kwelinye idolobha, lapho baya esitolo sobucwebe ukuze bathole izipho zezinsuku zokuzalwa zomunye nomunye - intombazane eneminyaka engu-21 ubudala, uRonald - 18. Kodwa nakulokhu kwaba khona ufakazi emhlanganweni wabo, waphinda futhi ubaba uFrancis wakuthola konke. Kulokhu wayenesimo esibucayi: U-Ronald akufanele axhumane no-Edith iminyaka emithathu ezayo, kuze kube usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa lwamashumi amabili nanye. Kubathandi abancane, lokhu kwaba igalelo langempela.
U-Tolkien wayecindezelekile, kodwa ngokulalela walalela umyalo womqaphi wakhe. Eminyakeni emithathu eyalandela, waphumelela izivivinyo zakhe zasekolishi futhi wazinza e-Oxford, edlala ibhola lombhoxo futhi efunda isiGothic, Anglo-Saxon nesiWelsh. Nokho, lapho engene shí ekuphileni komfundi, akazange amkhohlwe u-Edith wakhe.
Buyisela
Ngosuku olwandulela usuku lwakhe lokuzalwa lwamashumi amabili nanye, uRonald wahlala embhedeni wabuka iwashi lakhe. Ngokushesha nje lapho kufika phakathi kwamabili, waqala ukubhalela u-Edith incwadi, emtshela ngothando lwakhe futhi ethembisa ukumshada. Kwadlula izinsuku zokukhathazeka ezimbalwa. U-Tolkien wathola impendulo ngezindaba ezimbi zokuthi u-Edith wakhe uthembisene “nensizwa ethembisa kakhulu”. Ngokwezindinganiso zangaleso sikhathi, wayeseguga - cishe wayeseneminyaka engama-24 ubudala - futhi kwase kuyisikhathi sokushada. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intombazane yayicabanga ukuthi eminyakeni emithathu uRonald wamane wakhohlwa ngaye.
U-Tolkien ugxume esitimeleni sokuqala esiya e-Cheltenham. U-Edith wahlangana naye esiteshini futhi bahamba eduze kwe-viaduct. Uthando lwakhe lwayincibilikisa inhliziyo yentombazane, futhi yavuma ukuhlukana nomkhwenyana "othembisayo" futhi ashade nomfundi ongaziwa owabonisa isithakazelo ku-Beowulf kanye nezilimi.
“Ukukhanya Okukhanyayo…”
Ngokwababhali bokuphila kwabo, umshado wabo wawugcwele injabulo nokuhleka. AbakwaTolkiens babenezingane ezine. Ngesinye isikhathi, kwenzeka indaba kubathandi abashiya uphawu olujulile emphefumulweni kaRonald futhi bahamba kuyo yonke imisebenzi yakhe njenge-motif ngokusebenzisa.
Ekanye nomkakhe, badabula ehlathini bathola indawo enhle evulekile enexhaphozi eligcwele izimbali ezimhlophe. U-Edith waqala ukudansa elangeni, wabamba umoya uRonald. Exoxela indodana yakhe le ndaba eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, uTolkien uyakhumbula: “Ngalezo zinsuku izinwele zakhe zazinjengephiko legwababa, isikhumba sakhe sikhazimula, amehlo alo ayekhanya ngaphezu kwalokho okhumbulayo, futhi wayekwazi ukucula nokudansa.
Lesi senzakalo sakhuthaza umlobi ukuba aqambe indaba ngoBeren noLúthien, indoda ephilayo kanye ne-elf. Nansi imigqa yencwadi ethi The Silmarillion: “Kodwa, ezulazula phakathi nehlobo emahlathini aseNeldoreth, wahlangana noLúthien, indodakazi kaThingol noMelian, lapho kusihlwa, ekuphumeni kwenyanga, edansa. otshanini obungabuni bezingilazi zasogwini lwase-Esgalduin. Khona-ke inkumbulo yezinhlupheko ezibekezelayo yamshiya, futhi wathakathwa, ngoba uLúthien wayemuhle kunabo bonke phakathi kwaBantwana base-Ilúvatar. Ingubo yakhe yayiluhlaza njengesibhakabhaka esicwathile, futhi amehlo akhe ayemnyama njengobusuku obugcwele izinkanyezi, ingubo yakhe yayigcwele izimbali ezisagolide, izinwele zakhe zimnyama njengethunzi lobusuku. Ubuhle bakhe babunjengokukhanya okudlala emaqabunga ezihlahla, ukuhlabelela kwamanzi acwebile, izinkanyezi eziphuma phezu komhlaba onenkungu, futhi ebusweni bakhe kunokukhanya okukhazimulayo.
U-Edith ushone eneminyaka engama-82, uTolkien waqopha igama elithi “Luthien” eduze kwetshe lethuna lakhe.
Ngenkathi u-Tolkien ethula umbhalo wesandla we-The Lord of the Rings kumshicileli, umshicileli wangabaza ubuhlakani bokufaka noma yiziphi izici zothando endabeni. Ikakhulukazi, umlobi osemusha watshelwa ukuthi indaba ka-Aragorn no-Arwen, efana nekaBeren noLúthien, "yayingadingekile futhi ingaphezulu". Umshicileli waba nomuzwa wokuthi incwadi ekhuluma ngabantu, imilingo nezimpi ayidingi izigcawu zothando.
Nokho, uTolkien wema eqinile, ecaphuna amandla akhuthazayo othando. Encwadini ayibhalela umshicileli uRayner Unwin, wamelana nokufakwa kwesihloko esithi Aragorn nethi Arwen: “Ngisasithola sibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba siwumfanekiso wethemba. Ngethemba ukuthi uzosishiya lesi sigcawu.” Uthando lwakhe lwaphinde lwathatha, futhi kanjalo uTolkien walondoloza inoveli yakhe emlandweni.
U-Edith washona ngo-1971 eneminyaka engu-82 ubudala, futhi u-Tolkien waqopha "Lúthien" eduze kwegama lakhe etsheni lakhe lokungcwaba. Washona ngemva kwezinyanga ezingamashumi amabili nanye futhi wangcwatshwa naye, kwanezelwa elithi “Beren” egameni lakhe.
Umdlandla nokuzincisha
“Isibopho esiqinile phakathi kukaTolkien nesithandwa sakhe u-Edith sibonisa ukujula komuzwa abantu abangawufinyelela,” kunezela uJason Whiting.
Kodwa-ke, nakuba ubudlelwano bukhanya ngentshiseko, bayaqhubeka bephila ngezindleko zomzamo omkhulu nokuzidela. UTolkien wakubona lokhu njengoba ezindla ngokuthi kungani umshado wakhe wawusuqine kangaka. Wacabanga: “Cishe yonke imishado, ngisho nejabulisayo, ingamaphutha ngomqondo wokuthi bobabili abalingani cishe ngokuqinisekile bangathola abangane bomshado abafaneleka kakhudlwana. Kodwa umngane womphefumulo wangempela yilowo owakhetha, owashada naye.”
U-Tolkien wayazi ukuthi uthando lweqiniso aluzuzwa ngokuphazima kweso.
Naphezu kwemvelo yakhe yothando, umlobi waqonda ukuthi ubudlelwano budinga umsebenzi: “Akekho umuntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthanda ngobuqotho kangakanani okhethiweyo wakhe njengomakoti futhi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthembeke kangakanani kuye njengomfazi, ongahlala enjalo ukuphila kwakhe konke ngaphandle komshado. isinqumo esinamandla ngamabomu naso, ngaphandle kokuziphika umphefumulo nomzimba.
“UTolkien wayazi ukuthi uthando lweqiniso alufinyelelwa ngokuphazima kweso,” kubhala uWhiting. Udinga ukunakekelwa njalo nokunaka imininingwane. Ngokwesibonelo, uRonald no-Edith babethanda ukunaka omunye nomunye futhi baphane izipho ezincane. Lapho sebekhulile, babechitha isikhathi esiningi bekhuluma ngezingane nabazukulu. Ubudlelwane babo bakhiwe phezu kothando nobungane, obondla lolu thando kusukela ekuqaleni kokuqomisana kuze kube sekugcineni kwempilo.
Mayelana Nochwepheshe: U-Jason Whiting ungumelaphi womndeni, uprofesa wezengqondo, kanye nombhali we-True Love. Izindlela ezimangazayo zokuzikhohlisa ebudlelwaneni.