Ngemva kwanoma ibuphi ubuhlungu kukhona umzwelo ongashiwongo, kusho umlobi wezokwelapha ezingokomzwelo, uNikolai Linde. Futhi ukufinyelela okuqondile kukho ngokusebenzisa izithombe ezibukwayo, ezinomsindo neziphunga. Ngemva kokuhlangana nalesi sithombe, singakwazi ukuzisindisa ekuhluphekeni, ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
I-Emotionally-imaginative therapy (EOT), eyazalelwa eRussia, ingenye yezindlela ezimbalwa eziqashelwa kusayensi yezengqondo yomhlaba. Sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-30 ithuthuka. Ezenzweni zomdali wayo u-Nikolai Linde, kunezinkulungwane zamacala, ukuhlaziywa kwabo kwakha isisekelo "sendlela yezithombe", lapho usizo lwezengqondo lusekelwe khona.
Psychology: Kungani ukhethe izithombe njengethuluzi lokuthonya?
U-Nikolai Linde: Imizwa ithinta isimo somzimba uwonke. Okunye okuhlangenwe nakho komzimba kungamelwa ngendlela yezithombe - ezibukwayo, ezizwakalayo, eziphunga. Isibonelo, ungalalela ukuthi enye noma enye ingxenye yomzimba izwakala kanjani - isandla, ikhanda. Akukho okungaqondakali - lokhu ukumelela kwengqondo, indlela okubonakala ngayo kuwe. Lapho mina noma amakhasimende ami “zilalela” ngokwawo, njengokungathi athola amandla, azizwa ejabule. Labo abanenkinga ethile emzimbeni bahlangabezana nokuthile okungekuhle lapho “belalela” noma bebuka ngeso lengqondo.
Ngithole kuzo zonke izimo ukuthi izithombe ezivezwa ngumuntu maqondana nomzimba ziveza izinkinga zawo. Futhi ayikwazi ukuhlaziya kuphela, kodwa futhi ilungiswe ngosizo lwezithombe. Ngisho nezinto ezivamile ezifana nobuhlungu.
Umsebenzi wethu ukukhulula imizwa. Kwake kwaba necala: owesifazane wakhala ngekhanda elibuhlungu. Ngiyabuza, kuzwakala kunjani? Iklayenti lalicabanga: ukugaywa kwensimbi egqwalile ensimbi egqwalile. “Lalela lowo msindo,” ngiyamtshela. Uyalalela, futhi umsindo uphenduka umsindo wezici ezisula amawindi. Ubuhlungu buyancipha kancane. Uyalalela futhi - futhi umsindo uba yiqhwa ngaphansi kwamabhuzu.
Futhi ngaleso sikhathi ubuhlungu buphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzwa umoya omusha ekhanda lakhe, njengokungathi kuheleza umoya. Ngesikhathi ngisaqala ukuzilolonga, kwamangaza abantu, njengokungathi babone isimangaliso.
Iphunga liwukufinyelela okuqondile kumakhemikhali omzimba, ngoba izimo zemizwa nazo zingamakhemikhali
Yiqiniso, ukususa uphawu olungathandeki emaminithini angu-2-3 kuyamangalisa. Futhi isikhathi eside "ngangijabulisa" ngokukhulula ubuhlungu. Kodwa kancane kancane wandisa iphalethi. Iyini indlela? Umuntu umenywa ukuba acabange esesihlalweni ngokuhlangenwe nakho okuthakazelisayo noma isihloko esivusa imizwelo.
Ngibuza imibuzo: isipiliyoni sibukeka kanjani? Uziphatha kanjani? Uthini? Uzizwa kanjani? Uwuzwa kuphi emzimbeni wakho?
Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bayababaza: “Umbudane othile!” Kodwa ku-EOT, ukuzenzela kubalulekile: yilokho okwafika kuqala engqondweni, lapho sakhela khona ukuthintana nesithombe. Isilwane, isidalwa senganekwane, into, umuntu... Futhi ngesikhathi sokuxhumana nesithombe, isimo sengqondo ngaso siyashintsha futhi hhayi nje uphawu, kodwa futhi inkinga iyanyamalala.
Ingabe uyihlolile indlela yakho?
Vele, ngivivinya zonke izindlela kimina, bese kubafundi bami, bese ngibadedela emhlabeni. Ngo-1992, ngathola enye into ethakazelisayo: iphunga elicatshangelwayo linomphumela onamandla kakhulu! Ngacabanga ukuthi umuzwa wokuhogela kufanele ube nensiza ye-psychotherapy, futhi isikhathi eside ngifuna ukushintshela ekusebenzeni ngamaphunga. Icala lasiza.
Mina nomkami sasisemazweni, kwase kuyisikhathi sokuhamba edolobheni. Bese eba luhlaza, abambe inhliziyo yakhe. Ngangazi ukuthi ukhathazekile ngokungqubuzana kwangaphakathi, nokuthi ubuhlungu buvelaphi. Ayengekho omakhalekhukhwini ngaleso sikhathi. Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ngeke sikwazi ukusheshe sithole i-ambulensi. Ngaqala ukwenza ngendlela enengqondo. Ngithi: "Kunuka kanjani, cabanga?" "Kuyiphunga elibi, awukwazi ukulizwa." - "Iphunga!" Waqala wahogela. Ekuqaleni, iphunga lalishubile, futhi ngemva komzuzu laqala ukwehla. Unkosikazi waqhubeka nokuhogela. Ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-3, iphunga lanyamalala ngokuphelele futhi kwavela iphunga lokusha, ubuso buphenduke pink. Ubuhlungu buphelile.
Iphunga liwukufinyelela okuqondile kumakhemikhali omzimba, ngoba imizwelo nezimo zomzwelo nazo zingamakhemikhali. Ukwesaba i-adrenaline, injabulo i-dopamine. Lapho sishintsha imizwelo, sishintsha i-chemistry.
Ingabe awusebenzi ngobuhlungu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezimo zemizwelo?
Ngisebenza kokubili ngezifo - ne-allergies, isifuba somoya, i-neurodermatitis, izinhlungu zomzimba - kanye nezinzwa, ama-phobias, ukukhathazeka, ukuncika ngokomzwelo. Ngayo yonke into ethathwa njengesimo esicindezelayo, esingapheli futhi iletha ukuhlupheka. Ukuthi nje mina nabafundi bami sikwenza ngokushesha kunabamele ezinye izindawo, ngezinye izikhathi ngeseshini eyodwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, sisebenza ngesimo esisodwa, sivula esilandelayo. Futhi ezimweni ezinjalo, umsebenzi uba isikhathi eside, kodwa hhayi iminyaka, njengase-psychoanalysis, isibonelo. Izithombe eziningi, ngisho nalezo ezihlotshaniswa nobuhlungu, zisiholela emsukeni wenkinga.
Kwakusekupheleni kuka-2013 emhlanganweni owawuseKyiv. Umbuzo ovela ezithamelini: "Bathi ukhulula ubuhlungu?" Ngiphakamisa ukuthi obuzayo aye «esihlalweni esishisayo». Owesifazane uzwa ubuhlungu entanyeni. Ibuhlungu kangakanani ngempela, ngiyabuza: ingabe ibuhlungu, iyasikwa, ibuhlungu, iyadonsa? "Njengoba bayabhola." Wabona ngemuva kwakhe isithombe sendoda egqoke ijazi eliluhlaza efake i-drill ngesandla. Bhekisisa - nguyise. “Kungani ekubhoboza intamo? Mbuze». "UBaba" uthi kufanele usebenze, awukwazi ukuphumula. Kuvele ukuthi le ntokazi inqume ukuthi izipholele engqungqutheleni, iphumule.
Ingane engaphakathi elahliwe, engenasidingo ibonakala njengegundane eliluma iklayenti
Eqinisweni, ubaba akazange akhulume kanjalo, kodwa kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe wayewunikeza lo myalezo. Wayengumculi futhi ngisho eseholidini wayesebenza emakamu ezingane, eholela umkhaya imali. Ngiyaqonda ukuthi ubuhlungu bentamo yicala lakhe lokwephula isivumelwano sikayise. Bese ngiqhamuka nendlela yokususa “i-drill” ekuhambeni. “Lalela, ubaba usebenze impilo yakhe yonke. Mtshele ukuthi umvumele aphumule, myeke enze akufunayo. Owesifazane uyabona ukuthi "ubaba" ukhumula ingubo yakhe, agqoke ijazi elimhlophe lekhonsathi, athathe ivayolini ahambe ayodlala ukuze azijabulise. Ubuhlungu buyaphela. Lena yindlela imilayezo yabazali esabela ngayo kithi emzimbeni.
Futhi i-EOT ingasusa ngokushesha uthando olungajabulisi?
Yebo, ukwazi kwethu kuwumbono wokutshala imali ngokomzwelo. Siyitholile indlela yothando, kuhlanganise nengajabulile. Siqhubeka eqinisweni lokuthi umuntu osebudlelwaneni unikeza ingxenye yamandla, ingxenye yakhe, imfudumalo, ukunakekelwa, ukusekela, inhliziyo yakhe. Futhi lapho ehlukana, njengomthetho, ushiya le ngxenye kumlingani futhi uzwa ubuhlungu, ngoba "udatshulwe" abe yizicucu.
Kwesinye isikhathi abantu bazishiya ngokuphelele ebudlelwaneni obudlule noma esikhathini esedlule ngokujwayelekile. Sisiza ukuhoxisa izimali zabo ngosizo lwezithombe, bese umuntu ekhululwa ekuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu. Kukhona okunye okusele: izinkumbulo ezimnandi, ukubonga. Iklayenti elilodwa alikwazanga ukudedela owayeyisoka lalo iminyaka emibili, likhononda ngokungabi bikho kwemizwelo emnandi. Isithombe senhliziyo yakhe savela njengebhola eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Futhi sahamba nalelo bhola, sakhulula impilo yakhe ngenjabulo.
Izithombe zisho ukuthini?
Manje sekunezithombe ezingaphezu kuka-200 kusichazamazwi sethu. Kodwa kusamele kuqedwe. Ezinye izimpawu zifana nalezo ezichazwe uFreud. Kodwa siphinde sathola izithombe zethu. Isibonelo, ingane yangaphakathi evame ukulahlwa, engafunwa ibonakala njengegundane eliluma iklayenti. Futhi thina «tame» lokhu rat, futhi inkinga - ubuhlungu noma isimo esibi ngokomzwelo - uyahamba. Lapha sithembele ekuhlaziyweni kokuthengiselana, kodwa uBern akasho ukuthi ngenxa yemiyalelo yabazali nokuntuleka kothando, kukhona ukuhlukana okufihliwe nengane yangaphakathi yomuntu. Umvuthwandaba ku-EOT lapho usebenza nale ngxenye ethi “I” yethu yilapho ingena emzimbeni weklayenti.
Ingabe udinga ukungena esimweni sokuphupha ukuze ucabange isithombe?
Asikho isimo esikhethekile seklayenti ku-EOT! Sengikhathele ukuzilwela. Angisebenzi nge-hypnosis, ngoba ngiqinisekile ukuthi imilayezo ephakanyisiwe ayishintshi imbangela yalesi simo. I-imagination iyithuluzi elitholakala kuwo wonke umuntu. Umfundi ohlola isivivinyo ubuka ngefasitela, kubukeka sengathi igwababa liyabala. Eqinisweni, uhlanganyela ezweni lakhe langaphakathi, lapho ecabanga ukuthi udlala kanjani ibhola, noma ukhumbula ukuthi unina wamthethisa kanjani. Futhi lena insiza enkulu yokusebenza ngezithombe.