Izimpawu zesifo

• Un Umphimbo obuhlungu, ngokuvamile okuwuphawu lokuqala;
• izinzuzo ukuthimula nokuminyana emakhaleni;
• Un ikhala yisisu (i-rhinorrhea) edinga ukushaywa njalo kwekhala. Izimfihlo zicacile;
• Ukukhathala okuncane;
• Amehlo anamanzi;
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elithambile;
• Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhwehlela;
• Ngezinye izikhathi imfiva encane (cishe idigri eyodwa ngaphezu kokuvamile);
• Ukuphefumula ezinganeni ezine-asthma.

Abantu abasengozini 

•  Izingane ezincane : Izingane eziningi ziba nomkhuhlane wokuqala ngaphambi kokuba zibe neminyaka engu-1 ubudala futhi zihlala zisengozini kakhulu zize zibe neminyaka engu-6 ubudala, ngenxa yokungavuthwa kwamasosha azo omzimba. Iqiniso lokuthi bathintana nezinye izingane (enkulisa, inkulisa noma inkulisa) nakho kwandisa ingozi yokungenwa imikhuhlane. Ngokukhula kweminyaka, imikhuhlane iyancipha.
• Abantu amasosha abo omzimba abuthaka ngenxa yemithi noma ukugula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zibonakala kakhulu kulaba bantu.

Izici zengozi

• Ingcindezi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta kwezifundo ezizokwenzeka ezingama-27 kuqinisekisile ukuthi ukucindezeleka kwakuyisici esiyingozi kakhulu⁶¹.
• Ukubhema. Ugwayi ukhiqiza umthelela wendawo ocasulayo emgudwini wokuphefumula onciphisa izivikelo zendawo futhi wenze buthaka amasosha omzimba.⁶².
• Uhambo lwakamuva lwendiza luyisici esiyingozi esingaba khona. Uhlu lwemibuzo lwanikezwa abagibeli abangu-1100 ezindizeni phakathi kweSan Francisco neDenver, Colorado. Oyedwa kwabangu-5, 20%, ubike ukuthi unomkhuhlane phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-5-7 ngemva kokwebiwa. Ukuthi umoya wawuphinde ujikelezwe ekhabetheni akuzange kube nomthelela ezenzweni zemikhuhlane⁶³.
• Prakthiza ukuvivinya umzimba okujulile. Abasubathi abaziqeqesha ngokweqile bavame ukungenwa imikhuhlane.