I-spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus) isithombe nencazelo

I-spruce mokruha (Gomphidius glutinosus)

• I-Agaric iyashelela I-Scopoli (1772)
• I-agaric enamathelayo USchaeffer (1774)
• I-Agaric brown I-Batsch (1783)
• I-Agaricus limacinus U-Dickson (1785)
• I-Agaric imbozwe Ukuvuza (1792)
• I-agaric enamathelayo U-JF Gmelin (1792)
• I-Agaric slimy Abantu
• Ikhethini le-Viscous Grey (1821)
• Gomphidius glutinous (Schaeffer) Fries (1836)
• Gomphus glutinous (Schaeffer) P. Kummer (1871)
• I-Leucogomphidius glutinosus Kotlába & Pouzar, 1972
• Gomphidius glutinous (Schaeffer) Kotlaba & Pouzar (1972)

Igama lamanje ngu-gomphidius glutinosus (Schaeffer) Kotlaba no-Pouzar (1972)

Umndeni wakwaGomphidiaceae umelwe uhlobo olulodwa, iGomphidius (Mokruha). Amakhowe alo mndeni, naphezu kokuthi angama-lamellar, ngokusho kwezigaba, ahlobene eduze nesikhunta somndeni we-Boletaceae, ohlanganisa isizukulwane esifana, isibonelo, amakhowe e-mossiness, izimvemvane, izimvemvane.

I-etymology yegama elijwayelekile livela ku-γομφος (ngesiGreki) - "izinyo le-molar, uzipho", kanye ne-epithet ethize evela ku-glutinosus (lat.) - "okunamathelayo, okubonakalayo, okubonakalayo"

ikhanda I-4-10 cm ububanzi (ngezinye izikhathi ikhula ifike ku-14 cm), kumakhowe amancane i-hemispherical, bese i-convex, i-convex-prostrate enesikhungo esicindezelekile. I-tubercle encane ebuthuntu ngezinye izikhathi ingase ihlale phakathi kwekepisi. Unqenqema lwekepisi luwugqinsi, lugobe ngamandla lubheke esiqwini, luyaqondana njengoba lukhula, kuyilapho luhlala luqhubekayo, luyindilinga ngokuphawulekayo. I-cuticle (isikhumba) ibushelelezi, imbozwe nge-mucus ewugqinsi, icwebezela esimweni sezulu esomile lapho somile, kalula futhi sihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nomzimba we-cap. Okumpunga, okumpunga okunsundu okunombala onsomi onqenqemeni ukuya kokumpunga okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noshokoledi onsundu onombala onsomi, ingaphezulu elimaphakathi nekepisi livame ukuba mnyama. Ngokukhula, yonke indawo ye-spruce mokruha cap ingambozwa ngamachashazi amnyama. I-cap ixhunywe esiqwini ngeveli esobala, ene-cobwebbed, yangasese; kumakhowe avuthiwe, izinsalela zeveyili zihlala eceleni kwe-cap isikhathi eside.

I-Hymenophore amakhowe - lamellar. Amapuleti aminyene, ehlela esihlahleni, ayivelakancane kakhulu (8-10 izingcezu / cm), anegatsha kakhulu, ububanzi obuyi-6 kuye ku-10 mm, kumakhowe amancane ngaphansi kwesembozo esincanyana sombala omhlophe, ngemuva kokuphula i-coverlet, amapuleti. avele obala futhi ashintshe umbala ngeminyaka abe onsundu ngokunsomi, acishe abe mnyama, izinsalela ze-coverlet zakha indandatho encane engaqondakali emlenzeni.

Umtfumbu inyama enkulu, eshwabene, emhlophe enombala obomvana, onsundu ngaphansi kwe-cuticle, iba mpunga ngokukhula. Phansi kwesiqu kunombala ocebile we-chrome-yellow. Ukunambitheka kumuncu, kweminye imithombo - sweetish, iphunga libuthakathaka, amakhowe amnandi. Uma konakalisiwe, umbala we-pulp awushintshi.

I-Microscopy

I-spore powder insundu ngokumnyama, cishe emnyama.

Izinhlamvu ezingu-7,5-21,25 x 5,5-7 microns, spindle-elliptical, smooth, brown, yellow-brown (ku-reagent ye-Meltzer), ezimise okweconsi.

I-Basidia 40-50 x 8-10 µm, emise okwekilabhu, i-4-spore, i-hyaline, engenawo ama-clamps.

I-Cheilocystidia maningi, ayi-cylindrical noma i-fusiform kancane, 100-130 x 10-15 µm ngosayizi, amanye ashumekwe ku-amorphous mass ensundu.

I-Pleurocystidia ayivamile.

Leg 50-110 x 6-20 mm, i-cylindrical ephezulu, ivuvukele kakhulu endaweni yesithathu ephansi, ngezinye izikhathi iyancipha phansi. mhlophe futhi yomile ngaphezu kwendawo ye-annular. Indandatho encane, engabonakali itholakala engxenyeni yesithathu engenhla yesiqu; njengoba ukhunta lukhula, liphenduka libe mnyama ezinhlamvu. Ngaphansi kwe-annular zone, isiqu sinamafinyila, siyanamathela, esisekelweni siyi-chrome-yellow kokubili phezulu nasengxenyeni. Ngezansi, umlenze umnyama. Emakhowe avuthiwe, isiqu siphenduka sibe nsundu.

Ikhula kokubili emhlabathini omanzi we-limestone kanye ne-acidic emahlathini ama-coniferous naxubile, kodwa njalo ngaphansi kwe-spruce, eyenza ngayo i-mycorrhiza. Ikakhulukazi i-mycorrhiza yakheka ngophayini. Ikhula ngobulembu, i-heather, phansi ehlathini, ikakhulukazi ngamaqembu.

Maphakathi noJulayi kuze kube isithwathwa. Iqhakaza kakhulu kusukela ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba. Isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izindawo ezisenyakatho nezipholile zamaRiphabhulikhi ye-USSR yangaphambili, e-Altai Territory, eNtshonalanga Yurophu naseNyakatho Melika.

Ikhowe elidliwayo lesigaba se-IV, elikhumbuza ukunambitheka kwebhotela, linconywa ukuthi lihlutshiwe futhi libiliswe ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza amasoso, izitshulu. Ibuye idume ekulondolozeni: i-salting, pickling. ENyakatho Melika, amakhowe ayatshalwa.

Alinawo amapheshana angadliwayo futhi anobuthi. Ngokubukeka, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kudidaniswe nezimvemvane, kodwa ngokubuka okubukhali ku-lamellar hymenophore ye-mokruha, konke ukungabaza kuzophela ngokushesha. Kubukeka sengathi ezinye zezihlobo zakhe emndenini.

I-Mokruha spotted (Gomphidius maculatus)

 ihlukaniswa yisigqoko esinamachashaza ayisici, kanye nokubomvu kwenyama kusikiwe kanye nempushana ye-olive enombala womnqumo.

Ubhejane omnyama (Chroogomphus rutilus)

 ezifanayo kakhulu. Inombala onsomi ocebile futhi ikhetha ukukhula ngaphansi kwamaphayini.