Ukungabekezeleli, ukuthambeka, isizukulwane seqhwa singaqala ukuletha izinkinga zokuphatha kubadala baso, abanamakhodi abo ahluke kakhulu. Ezalwe ngobuchwepheshe, ilungile kwezepolitiki, hhayi inguquko enkulu, laba bantu abadala abasabonakali benamathemba afanayo, kude noMeyi 68 namatshe amatshe. Ngaphandle kokubuyela kwisigqi samasosha semfundo yangemva kwama-68, inguquko yabo ibizokwenziwa ngokubona okwedijithali ngokugenca noma ngamagciwane edijithali.

Isizukulwane seqhwa

Umuntu angacabanga ukuthi le nkulumo isetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa abantu nabantu ngabanye abahlukile njengamakhekheba eqhwa, ababukeka ngokufana, kepha ezinhlakeni zabo abahlukile ngamunye.

Akunjalo. Okwabangane bethu ngaphesheya kwe-Atlantic nangaphesheya kwesiteshi, iqhwa leqhwa yilokho kuphela okucasulayo. Le nkulumo isetshenziselwa ukufanekisela isizukulwane esinamathele phakathi kobusha nokuba mdala, okuthiwa asiqine ngokwengeziwe kunangaphambi kwabo.

Indaba yalesi sizukulwane

Lesi sizukulwane esizalwe ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90s safinyelela ebudaleni ngeminyaka yama-2010. Ngokusho kososayensi bezenhlalo, lesi sizukulwane sibonakala ngohlangothi lwaso "oluguquguqukayo", ukungazinzi kwemizwelo nokuqina kwalo okuphansi ngenxa yobuntwana obuvikelwe ngokweqile.

Ebizwa nangokuthi isizukulwane “seminyaka eyizinkulungwane”, sibizwa ngokuthi isizukulwane seqhwa kukhulunywa ngenoveli ethi Fight Club, ebhalwe nguChuck Palahniuk. Eyenzelwe i-cinema nguDavid Fincher ngo-1999, noBrad Pitt Edward Norton, le filimu ixoxa indaba yezinsizwa ezihamba phambili, zifuna ukwazi ukuthi ngubani ojoyina iklabhu yokulwa ukubuyisa amandla abo, impilo yabo isesandleni, ngenxa yokulwa umoya.

Ngokuphikisana nomcabango womculi odumile uPharell Williams okhuthaza ubunikazi obuyingqayizivele: “Akekho umuntu ofanayo; sifana namakhekheba eqhwa, akekho noyedwa kithi ofanayo kodwa sonke sipholile, ”umbhali uChuck Palahniuk usebenzisa lesi sifaniso ukuphikisana nale ndlela yokucabanga, egxeka ngokusobala ubuthakathaka besimilo 'azosicasula.

Kulesi sigameko esiyinsumansumane lapho ongavumelani noTyler Durden ekhuthaza amadoda akhe ukuthi alwe nokuzithoba kwabo emphakathini wabathengi ngezibhakela zabo ngokuqala emcabangweni wokuthi akekho okhethekile: zenziwe ngento efanayo ephilayo ebolayo njengakho konke okunye, singamahloni alo mhlaba olungele noma yini, sonke singabenqwaba efanayo yokubola ye-humus. "

Ngubani odale isisho? Njengenjwayelo, imithombo eminingana ifuna ubunikazi. Noma kunjalo, iyajabulisa futhi igeleza uyinki omningi.

E-United States, leli gama lafakwa kuyi-Collins English Dictionary, echaza isizukulwane seqhwa ngokuthi “yintsha eseyikhulile ngeminyaka yango-2010, ebonwa njengabantu abangaqinile futhi ethinteka kalula kunezizukulwane ezedlule.” Iphinde yaba yinkulumo esetshenziswe kwezepolitiki ukuhlekisa ngabasekeli baseYurophu kanye nabamelene noTrump.

Bazalwa phakathi kweminyaka yama-80s nama-90s, laba bantu abadala bakhule ngokufana nokwakhiwa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe obusha. Ngakho-ke bangabachwepheshe bedijithali, abasebenzisa ithuluzi empilweni yabo yansuku zonke, futhi abazi impilo ngaphandle kwesicelo. Encwadini yakhe, uTamar Almog ucacisa ukuthi lesi sizukulwane esisha sakhiwe ngumphakathi oqhubeka ngokuzigxeka nokugxeka, ukuphikisana, nosomabhizinisi; umthengi kanye nabezindaba okugxile kubo, ukuzimela kanye nokwenza umhlaba wonke jikelele. Kombhali, bayizingane ezizimele zesikhathi sedijithali, ezikhuliswe njengezikhulu namakhosazana, zivikelwe ngamazwi okudumisa nokuqinisekisa kothisha nabazali bazo.

Izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zikhathazeka ngemiphumela yemfundo okuthi, ukuze kukhuthazwe "ukuzethemba", ivimbe amandla okuzibuza imibuzo. UClaire Fox, uyachaza “Laba babusi abancane abanesikhumba esizwela kakhulu abanacala. Yithi esibadalile ”. Kungabaza ushintsho ezindleleni zokufundisa. Abazali nabafundisi abavikela ngokweqile basindise lesi sizukulwane kokuhlangenwe nakho okuvumela ukufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokomzwelo kwabantu abadala. Amalungu ayo azohlala evinjelwe esigabeni sokukhula kwengqondo.

Imibono ngesizukulwane Y

Lesi sizukulwane sihlala sikhononda:

• idinga "indawo ephephile" (isikhala lapho umuntu engaphikisana ngokukhululeka);
• "Isixwayiso se-Trigger" (isenzo sesixwayiso ngaphambi kokuqukethwe okushaqisayo);
• "Kungabi khona-platforming" (evimbela ubuntu obuthile ekubambeni nenkulumompikiswano).

Imikhuba abanye abesaba ukuyiqhathanisa nokuhlaselwa kwenkululeko yokukhuluma kanye nokucwaninga okuthile emanyuvesi aseNgilandi naseMelika.

Othisha abaningi basenyuvesi baphawula ukungabi nokuzigxeka kwabafundi, ubunzima bokuzibuza, ubunzima bokuphikisana.

Isazi sokuqala sokuchibiyela uGreg Lukianoff nodokotela wezengqondo womphakathi uJonathan Haidt babuza izizathu zalezi zinkinga ezintsha zekhempasi. Banemvelaphi yabo emibonweni emithathu esabekayo ehlanganiswe kakhulu ebuntwaneni nasekufundisweni kwalesi sizukulwane:

• okungakubulali kuyakuthena amandla;
• thembela njalo imizwa yakho;
• impilo iyimpi phakathi kokuhle nokubi.

Ngokwabacwaningi, lawa maqiniso amathathu amakhulu aphikisana nemigomo eyisisekelo yezenhlalakahle nenhlakanipho yasendulo yamasiko amaningi. Ukwamukela lawa maqiniso - kanye nesiko lokuphepha eliwumphumela - kuthikameza ukukhula kwenhlalo, imizwa nengqondo yabantu abasha. Kunzima kakhulu ngabo ukuba ngabantu abadala abazimele, abakwazi ukubhekana nezingibe zokuphila. Ngokwenhlolovo kaLukianoff noHaidt, lawa maqiniso avela esimweni senhlalo lapho kugezwa khona lesi sizukulwane:

• ukwanda kokwesaba kwabazali;
• ukuncipha kokudlala okungagadiwe nokuqondiswa yizingane;
• umhlaba omusha wezokuxhumana, ukuluthwa kwentsha.

Isizukulwane okunzima ukusiphatha

Ngo-2020, uhhafu wabasebenzi uzoqhamuka kulesi sizukulwane esinamathele phakathi kobusha nobudala. Ngokuqinisekile, umphathi weqhwa leqhwa kuzodingeka abhekane nezici zakhe futhi avele njengomholi.

Isibonelo sangempela sokulandela nokumela igunya, kumele:

• mphelezele;
• umqeqeshe;
• umeluleki.

Njengoba lesi sizukulwane sizwela kakhulu ekuqashelweni, kubalulekile ukuthi umphathi abone umzamo nomsebenzi owenziwayo.